The dissertation is based on four papers that together offer a theory of General Situated Cognition. The project has two overarching goals: (1) to unify existing foundational approaches to cognition by investigating cognition within the framework of the philosophy of information; (2) to characterize the function of cognition and suggest a general (meta-)framework for cognitive architecture. Two of the papers, "Pre-cognitive Semantic Information" and "The Information Medium", deal primarily with the concept of information. They offer a pragmatic and structural account of information, as well as a novel and more general theory of meaning appropriate for simple, non-linguistic organisms - the interface theory of meaning. The papers lay the theoretical and conceptual machinery needed for the other two papers, "The Cognitive Agent: Overcoming Informational Limitations" and "Information Networks: A Meta-architecture for Situated Cognition", which investigate cognition as a general natural phenomenon. They specify the function of cognition as the mechanism in an organism that overcomes informational deficits. They also offer a broad architecture of cognitive systems based on networks of information media, which encompasses, and thus unifies existing approaches to cognition, such as the computational/symbolic approach, the connectionist approach, the dynamicist approach and the ecological embodied approach.

The relationship of the concept of code and gesture in the thought processes of Vilém Flusser Kamil Nábělek Abstract The goal of this work is to shed light on the interrelationship and interoperation between the notions of code and gesture within the philosophy of Vilém Flusser, as well as on the methods these notions contribute to the general concept and composition of his philosophy. It is possible to explain the overall layout of the topics of Flusser's thoughts on the relationship between the notions of code and gesture: the information-media level is the basic one, and from it we see the rise of ideas on historical and societal formations as well as symbolic universes. Yet another level contains his theory of gestures, through which Flusser's media topics open up to the "concept of a gesture" as a complex meaning-bearing and existentially anchored entity. Flusser's thoughts are thus developed both with respect to the information-based concept of code, defined as a system of symbols, and with respect to gestures as complex corporal and symbolic carriers of meaning and existential expression. Aside from capturing factual aspects of Flusser's thoughts, the work also focuses on the stylistic level of his texts. The concepts of code and gesture also operate as specific conceptual-poetic tools. Flusser's...

The topic of this diploma thesis are trends in economic journalism and its specifics. The thesis introduces economic journalism to the context of journalism generally and deals with the role and nature of economic journalism. It also introduces the specifics, which may differ in different types of media. At the same time, the specifics of the work of an economic journalist and journalistic ethics are mentioned. Individual media types are presented from the point of view of economic journalism and the thesis offers also an overview of already existing literature related to the topic. Moreover, I am not aware that there would be an existing publication in the Czech environment that would focus specifically on economic journalism. The research part is devoted to the case study that deals with media coverage of real estate market. The reader is acquainted with the basic concepts and developments in this market to fully understand the context of the study. Subsequently, the research methodology and workflow are presented. The news from September in 2007, 2014 and 2017 were analysed. The necessary data were entered into coding tables with specific numerical codes. Using the quantitative content analysis, the work revealed what topics in the field of real estate, the topics are addressed and also what...

<p>Abstract</p><p>Title: The “Investigator” and the “Updater” – new patterns of news use among young adults.</p><p>Number of pages: 48</p><p>Author: Anna Strinnholm</p><p>Tutor: Amelie Hössjer</p><p>Course: Media and Communications, D- level</p><p>Period: Fall of 2005</p><p>University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University</p><p>Purpose/Aim: The aim of this essay is to provide an description of how daily newspaper, TV, radio and the Internet are used by young adults in order to contribute to Lennar Weibulls model “a typology of the Swedish mediasystem from an audience perspectiv”.</p><p>Method/Material: The method of gathering of empirical material has been conducted by interviewing eight people of how they use daily newspapers, TV, radio and The internet to inform themselves of the daily news. The empirical material has then been analysed by applying a two step method, of first making a summary of the interviews and secondly making a comparison with a model of Lennart Weibull “a typology of the Swedish mediasystem from an audience perspectiv” .</p><p>Main results:Two different types of ideal media users can be drawn from the empirical research, the “Investigator” and the “Updater”. The updater search for news to stay updated and relies on the Internet as main source of information. The Investigator is not satisfied with the Internet as a news media, the investigator search for news for an in debt understanding and find a daily newspaper more suitable. The difference between the media use of the investigator and the updater leads to the conclusion that Internet is not used as news media of in debt information like the daily newspaper, to be correctly understood of how it is used by young adults it should be accepted as a basic news media of providing fast and easy updated news.</p><p>Keywords: information media, news media,, daily newspaper, TV, radio the Internet, young adults, media use,</p>

Abstract Title: The “Investigator” and the “Updater” – new patterns of news use among young adults. Number of pages: 48 Author: Anna Strinnholm Tutor: Amelie Hössjer Course: Media and Communications, D- level Period: Fall of 2005 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University Purpose/Aim: The aim of this essay is to provide an description of how daily newspaper, TV, radio and the Internet are used by young adults in order to contribute to Lennar Weibulls model “a typology of the Swedish mediasystem from an audience perspectiv”. Method/Material: The method of gathering of empirical material has been conducted by interviewing eight people of how they use daily newspapers, TV, radio and The internet to inform themselves of the daily news. The empirical material has then been analysed by applying a two step method, of first making a summary of the interviews and secondly making a comparison with a model of Lennart Weibull “a typology of the Swedish mediasystem from an audience perspectiv” . Main results:Two different types of ideal media users can be drawn from the empirical research, the “Investigator” and the “Updater”. The updater search for news to stay updated and relies on the Internet as main source of information. The Investigator is not satisfied with the Internet as a news media, the investigator search for news for an in debt understanding and find a daily newspaper more suitable. The difference between the media use of the investigator and the updater leads to the conclusion that Internet is not used as news media of in debt information like the daily newspaper, to be correctly understood of how it is used by young adults it should be accepted as a basic news media of providing fast and easy updated news. Keywords: information media, news media,, daily newspaper, TV, radio the Internet, young adults, media use,

The master's thesis is devoted to the analysis of the impact of the dissemination of information and disinformation in media about the disease caused by the COVID-19 virus in the Czech Republic in the period 02/2020-02/2021. The aim of the thesis is to analyse selected news portals and identifying the possible impact of the information on the Internet on public behaviour. The purpose of the theoretical part is a brief definition of the basic concepts, mapping the course of information in the Czech Republic and comparison with similar situations from the past. Subsequently, the theoretical part contains a description of the means of communication used to inform citizens about the event. The aim of the practical part is to show how the course of the spread of the COVID-19 virus influenced the traffic to online news websites, what articles appeared in the Internet environment, and finally I focus on the analysis of whether there was a change in the behaviour of citizens in the Internet environment in the form of traffic to news websites, retail sales and changes in work habits.

This work titled Union of Journalists in 1945-1948 is trying to capture the period of reconstruction and building of journalistic community life since the end of Nazi occupation till the communist coup in February 1948. Although it captures only a very short period of time from the rich history of the Czech journalist associations, we believe that this is a crucial period. The work is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter focuses on the preparation of the establishment of a new journalistic organization. The second chapter deals with the process of "cleansing" in which journalists organization examined journalists and punish their activities during the Nazi occupation. The third chapter describes the process of creating of post-war media legislation, particularly the role that a journalistic organization played in this process. The fourth chapter focuses on the most important moments of internal community life. The fifth chapter is devoted to the Association of imprisoned journalists. The sixth chapter deals with the renewed activity of journalistic organizations in the international forum. It focuses in particular on the International Organization of Journalists (IOJ) in Prague in 1947. The seventh chapter examines the financial situation, and especially union activities in acquiring real...

En el 2019, se promulgó en Perú una ley que cambiaría los hábitos de consumo, la ley de plásticos N° 30884, que busca reducir el uso excesivo de bolsas plásticas que se entregan en los supermercados, tiendas por departamento, mercados y bodegas. Esta ley dio un cambio en la manera de comprar, para lo cual, se necesitaría de una comunicación empática y clara dirigida hacia los consumidores, acerca de cómo sería el proceso de compra al no entregar bolsas, y lograr que su experiencia de compra no se vea afectada. El presente trabajo analiza cómo fue la experiencia de compra de las madres de familia que más consumen en los supermercados de Lima Metropolitana, durante la aplicación de la ley. Ello, respecto a la comunicación de cada establecimiento, y cómo esta influyó en su percepción que tienen de los supermercados. Se realizó un estudio fenomenológico, con una técnica de recolección de datos de entrevista semiestructurada a 15 madres de familia. / In 2019, a law was enacted in Peru that would change consumer habits, Plastics Law N ° 30884, which seeks to reduce the excessive use of plastic bags that are delivered in supermarkets, department stores, markets, and warehouses. This law gave a change in the way consumers buy, for which, an empathic and clear communication was needed for customers of what this transition would be like by not delivering bags and ensuring that their shopping experience would not be affected. This work analyzes how the shopping experience of the mothers who consume the most in the supermarkets of Metropolitan Lima was, during the application of the law, regarding the communication of each establishment, and how it influenced the perception they have of them. A phenomenological study was carried out, with a data collection technique of a semi-structured interview with 15 mothers. / Trabajo de investigación