A study was undertaken to examine the major eye injury problems in industry, to determine the hazards that caused them, and to develop methods for improving industrial eye protection programs so as to reduce the incidence of eye injuries. The study was conducted in Alberta through the Occupational Health and Safety Division of Alberta Labour and the Alberta Workers' Compensation Board. A review of literature was performed to determine the status of eye protection programs, current epidemiological investigations and modes of protection, and to search for historical, legislative and cost benefit information. The project consisted of seven studies which were designed and carried out independently but, together, would provide a wide perspective concerning eye protection in industry. These studies were: a) A Review of W.C.B. Statistical Master File Data - which was concerned with a cumulative review of every eye injury claim received by the Workers' Compensation Board over the years 1974, 1975 and 1976. This included a review of Permanent disability claims, claims for lost work time and claims where only medical aid was required. b) A Review of Selected W.C.B. Personal Medical Files - which was concerned with the detailed review of eye injury claims from fifteen high eye injury risk industry classes. Each medical file was examined individually, paying particular attention to prevention-oriented information. c) A Survey of Occupational Health and Safety Officers - where thirty-one occupational health and safety officers (inspection personnel) were given an in-depth interview to obtain their perceptions and informed opinions on the nature of eye injury hazards, compliance factors, and the status of eye protection programs in industry. d) A Survey of Occupational Health and Safety Personnel - where questionnaires were sent to over six hundred persons in Alberta, identified as being involved in the provision of occupational health and safety services in industry. This included physicians, nurses, safety personnel, and persons in government. Questions were similar to those in Section c. e) A Review of the Minutes of Selected Joint Work Site Committees in Alberta - where the minutes of selected meetings concerning health and safety on the work site between management, the worker, and government, were analyzed to determine the extent of the unsolicited concern for eye injury prevention in companies which were known to have incurred a large number of eye injuries. f) A Review of Anecdotal Data - where several interviews were held with union and management representatives to determine the concern and need for eye injury prevention, and the development of eye protection programs at a policy level in industry. The comments and concerns of many other persons were also considered. g) A Review of Selected Site Visits to Industries in Alberta -where the researcher made six plant visits to better understand the conditions which lead to eye injuries and the problems in implementing preventive programs. It was found that industries involved in the manufacture or use of metal products, chemicals or construction materials were at high risk. More specifically, however, it was determined that certain occupational groups such as machinists, plumbers and pipefitters, welders, and mechanics were also at high eye injury risk. It was concluded that occupational classification and eye injury hazards should be treated as a basis to eye injury prevention. Injuries were found generally to occur most frequently among the young and inexperienced workers, while grinding and welding operations were found to be the most prevalent source of injury. Injuries occurred most often at certain times of the day, and there was some question of the effects of boredom and fatigue. It was found that there is a lack of knowledge and education concerning standards of eye protection and in the proper selection of the protector for the hazard. The physical strength of the protector was minor, however, in comparison to the need for better protector design and fitting of the device to the face of the worker. It was concluded that companies must be encouraged to develop eye protection policies as a basis to the provision of eye protection programs. A plan was recommended for the improvement of eye protection programs in industry. This included the presentation of a comprehensive eye protection program formulated through a review of literature on the subject, and the elucidation of a system of occupational vision care involving the interaction of all groups concerned with eye injury prevention in industry. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

Introduction: The number of girls and women participating in all levels of soccer has risen greatly in recent years. Rationale for the study: The injury risk is high in soccer, but little is known about the mechanisms by which these injuries occur. Objective: To describe the types of injuries and the mechanisms sustained by teenage girls playing soccer. Design: A descriptive study was done. Method: An injury observation sheet was used to collect data over one week of interregional schools tournament that took place in August 2003, Rustenburg, North West province. For all injuries the following information was documented: type of injury, site of injury, mechanism of injury, cause of injury, part of field, time of ball in play and player position. The teenage girls playing soccer who participated in the USSASSA summer ball games tournament were used. The verbal player informed consent form which provided information on the rights of participants was also drawn and handed to all participants to familiarize themselves with contents prior to a game. Results: Main findings in this study were that the ligament sprains accounted for the highest number (57%) of total injuries sustained by the teenage girls playing soccer. Contusions were the less common type of injury that affected teenage girls. Tackling was the mechanism responsible for most injuries (49%). Strikers were the players’ positions associated with all types of injuries sustained in this study, 72% of strains, 56 %of strains and 45% of total contusions. Goal keepers were not affected by any of the lower limb injuries in this study. Conclusion: Injuries sustained by teenage girls are minor in nature. Sprains and strains are the most common injuries affecting ankles and knees. Injury prevention program can have beneficial results if implemented at developmental stage of their carriers. / Dissertation (MPhyst (Sports Medicine))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Physiotherapy / MPhyst / unrestricted

This descriptive retrospective cohort study utilized a large workers comp insurer database. All MRI's performed on peripheral joints during calendar year 2017 that were (a) 2 weeks after the initial clinic visit, or (b) greater than 6 weeks after injury, but (c) not more than 3 months after the date of injury were evaluated in this study. Individual diagnoses rendered on MRI reports for these cases were categorized as to whether ultrasound alone or ultrasound + xray could adequately provide the same diagnoses. Results showed that, ultrasound + xray would be able to provide all of the same diagnoses compared to MRI in 54% of cases vs 33% of cases using ultrasound alone, highlighting the utility of using ultrasound and xray together. The proportion of cases where ultrasound + xray could reasonably be substituted for MRI increases to 70% overall when less severe diagnoses, considered not likely to change management, were excluded from analysis. If point of care ultrasound was performed for all 1482 cases with subsequent MRIs pursued in only 30% of cases, a cost savings between $456,186 and $331,698 would be realized, translating to $308 to $224 per patient. Additionally, if ultrasound + xray was performed at the point of care during the first clinic visit for an injury, the definitive diagnoses could be reached on average 33.3 days earlier. In total, these results suggest a significant proportion of musculoskeletal workers comp injuries could be accurately and completely evaluated at the point of care using ultrasound and xray together. This could yield greater provider and patient confidence in the diagnosis and treatment plan as well as more expeditious accurate diagnoses leading to reductions in both direct and indirect costs.

No description available.

No description available.

In this research study, the correlation and significance of head injuries in adult sex offenders that have committed crimes against children were measured and compared to a group of criminal offenders that have committed non-sex-related criminal offenses. Data on 30 randomly selected individuals from each of the two groups (60 individuals total) were collected to measure and compare the number of individuals with a head injury in each group. The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of why criminally deviant behaviors occur in adults. This research also hoped to encourage further research on this topic or similar topics that can lead to new ideas in prevention, intervention, and treatment plans in sex offenders.

Pathologic processes and surgical manipulations of the spinal column may result in alterations of the biomechanical properties of the spine through increases or decreases in the range of motion or stability of the spine. A decrease in range of motion between two adjacent vertebrae subsequent to arthrodesis or ankylosis appears, clinically, to be well tolerated without significant alterations to the functions of the spine; however, a decrease in spinal column stability as a result of pathologic changes or surgical alterations can result in catastrophic spinal cord injury. In order to determine the effect of various surgical procedures and trauma on the spinal column, in vitro biomechanical studies may be employed using a servohydraulic testing apparatus and cadaver vertebral motion units. The T₁₃ - L₁ vertebral motion units of 48 mix breed dogs were dissected free of surrounding musculature and prepared for biomechanical testing by mounting with cross pins and polymethylmethacrylate. Specimens were surgically altered by facetectomy, lateral fenestration, diskectomy, and combinations of these procedures. Specimens were subjected to lateral bending at a rate of 2.5 cm per minute to failure in a swing arm bending jig designed to simulate four point bending. The slopes of bending moment vs. angular displacement curves were compared and significance determined by the method of least squares. A statistical difference (p < 0.05) was found between the stiffness of all diskectomy groups when compared to any other group. Unilateral and bilateral facetectomies, and fenestration induced a non-significant decrease in stiffness in comparison to control specimens. This data may be combined with that of previous testing of the canine thoracolumbar spine in flexion-extension and rotation to determine the clinical effects of surgical manipulations and trauma on spinal stability. These results suggest that fenestrations and facetectomies do not appear to increase the risk of injury to the canine thoracolumbar spinal cord during lateral bending in the in vitro model; however, thoracolumbar spinal fractures involving the vertebral body as represented by the diskectomy in vitro model may significantly destabilize the spine in lateral bending. / Master of Science

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1952 S6 / Master of Science

No description available.