Tarybos reglamentas (EB) Nr. 1346/2000 dėl bankroto bylų yra keturiasdešimties metų pastangų harmonizuoti tarpvalstybinio bankroto jurisdikcijos taisykles Europos Sąjungos kontekste rezultatas. Derinant dviejų tarptautinio bankroto reguliavimo modelių – universalaus ir teritorinio – principus, reglamente įtvirtinamos skirtingos jurisdikcijos taisyklės priklausomai nuo to, ar keliama pagrindinė ar šalutinė (teritorinė) bankroto byla. Magistriniame darbe aptariamas jurisdikciją iškelti pagrindinę bankroto bylą lemiančio kriterijaus – pagrindinių turtinių interesų vietos – turinys. Darbe daroma išvada, jog reglamente nėra nustatyta aiškaus pagrindinių turtinių interesų vietos turinio. Tai skatina nevienodą reglamento nuostatų, susijusių su teismo jurisdikcija iškelti skolininkui pagrindinę bankroto bylą, aiškinimą ir taikymą Europos Sąjungos valstybėse narėse. Jurisdikcijų kolizijos problema reglamente sprendžiama įtvirtinant pirmumo taisyklę, pagal kurią sprendimas iškelti bankroto bylą turi būti automatiškai pripažįstamas visose kitose valstybėse narėse nuo tada, kai sprendimas įsiteisėja bankroto bylą iškėlusio teismo valstybėje narėje. Darbe aptariamos palankesnės teisinės padėties ieškojimo galimybės. Autorius daro išvadą, jog pasirinktu reguliavimu vienas iš reglamento tikslų – panaikinti tiesines prielaidas palankesnės teisinės padėties ieškojimui perkeliant turtą ar teismo procesą iš vienos valstybės narės į kitą – nėra iki galo pasiektas. Šią prielaidą lemia dvi... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Council Regulation 1346/2000 on Insolvency Proceedings is the outcome of forty years of efforts to harmonize the rules regarding the jurisdictional issues on cross-border insolvency in the context of European Union. By combining the two models of international insolvency proceedings – universality and territoriality – the Regulation provides different jurisdictional rules on cross-border insolvency proceedings depending on whether the main insolvency proceedings or the secondary insolvency proceedings are going to be opened. The Master thesis deals with the content of the category determining the jurisdiction to open the main insolvency proceedings, i.e. the centre of main interests. As a result the Thesis concludes that the Regulation does not provide the explicit content of the centre of main interests’ category. Therefore it encourages the different interpretation and application of Regulation’s provisions related to the opening the main insolvency proceedings by the courts of Member States. Regulation deals with issue regarding the jurisdictional conflicts by determining the priority rule under which the judgment opening the insolvency proceeding should be automatically recognized in all other Member States from the time that it becomes effective in the State of the opening of proceedings. Master thesis deals with the issues regarding the seeking to obtain a more favorable legal position (forum shopping). The Author concludes that on of the main aims of this Regulation –... [to full text]

This doctoral submission represents over ten years of focused research that has resulted in a unique collection of academic and professional articles. The epithet "unique" is adopted to reflect that over those years this area of study has been relatively untouched by other academic researchers. This submission presents a total of eight academic and seven professional journal publications that chronicle the major output of numerous research projects undertaken between 1992 and 2002. The publications adhere to a central aim - to investigate the practical use and complex interactions between stakeholders of the individual insolvency rescue vehicle the Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA). The research projects employed a variety of relevant methodologies to populate an emerging conceptual model of the prime factors affecting the incidence, usage and outcomes of IVA cases. The first five articles report and develop the data collected during the various projects. The articles build on each other, analysing results and comparing these with previous studies to underline reliability in the data. The final three articles draw threads from the research data and develop the conceptual model further. As a research progression this submission contains all of the necessary ingredients of a doctoral thesis. It focuses on a discrete body of knowledge, builds on a conceptual model, gathers valuable data and tests it, draws strong conclusions and, finally, establishes and contributes new theory in this area of study.

In my diploma thesis I focused on the issue of protection of employees at the employer's insolvency. The aim of this thesis is to assess the appropriate proces through which will be satisfied the wage claims of employees. For this purpose, the work define terms related to the issue as an employee, employer, insolvency, wage claims with regard to their definition contained in Act No. 118/2000 Coll., on protection of employees in the event of employer's insolvency. In the second part of the diploma thesis I focused on proceedings conducted by the Labour Office. Finally, I analyzed findings on satisfaction of wage claims of employee. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

67 Abstract The topic of this diploma thesis is "Forum Shopping under European Regulation on Insolvency." The forum shopping means deliberate transfer of court proceedings from one EU member state to another under the regulation of EC Council No. 1346/2000, on insolvency proceedings. Forum shopping has been immensely developed recently which is evidenced by the fact that British courts have been facing motions for insolvency proceedings regarding debtors with major link to a non-UK country. I have chosen this topic because forum shopping often happens in real word and Czech expert literature keeps quite on this topic. The Regulation on Insolvency is linked to partly universal effect within the European Union. This means that insolvency proceedings in one Member state will be effective in other member states as well. The insolvency proceedings is commenced in the member state of the debtor's centre of main interests. COMI as a basic building stone of the Regulation is not precisely expressed, and only a partly construction served by the Court of Justice of the European Union leaves door open for large forum shopping evidenced by abundant decision making by the Court of Justice of the European Union and national courts of member states. Forum shopping is furthered by mutual recognition of decisions in terms...

Après le succès en demi-teinte de la déclaration d’insaisissabilité comme moyen de protection du patrimoine personnel des entrepreneurs, le législateur français a institué le statut de l’entrepreneur individuel à responsabilité limitée (EIRL), bousculant la théorie de l’unité du patrimoine. Le nouveau dispositif permet à une personne physique de créer autant de patrimoines affectés qu’elle exerce d’activités professionnelles indépendantes. La loi institue une étanchéité patrimoniale se manifestant par le fait que chaque créancier de l’EIRL exerce son droit de gage général sur le patrimoine auquel il est rattaché. Le statut de l’EIRL suscite plusieurs interrogations relativement aux garanties que celui-ci est susceptibles d’offrir à ses créanciers personnels ou professionnels. Comme tout débiteur, l’EIRL peut être garanti par des personnes physiques ou morales tierces. Il apparaît toutefois en pratique que celles-ci hésiteront à s’engager. La scission patrimoniale empêche les garants solvens d’exercer leurs actions récursoires sur la totalité des biens de l’EIRL, réduisant ainsi les chances de leur remboursement. Par ailleurs, la pluralité des patrimoines offre à l’EIRL la possibilité de se garantir lui-même. Cependant, la technique qui consiste à garantir la dette d’un patrimoine avec un autre peut se révéler dangereuse pour l’EIRL. Il est donc incertain que l’EIRL en fasse usage. S’il n’offre pas de garanties suffisantes et/ou efficaces, l’EIRL n’obtiendra pas facilement un financement externe. Or, s’il n’a pas le financement dont il a besoin, l’EIRL ne profitera pas de son statut / After the partial success of the unseizability statement as a means of protecting the personal assets of entrepreneurs, the French legislator has adopted the status of the individual entrepreneur with limited liability (Hereinafter EIRL), disrupting the theory of the asset unit. The new status allows any individual to create as many dedicated assets as he pursues professional activities. The law institutes a patrimonial tightness that is manifested by the fact that each EIRL’s creditor is entitled to exercise his right of lien on the assets to which he’s attached. The EIRL status raises concerns about guarantees offered to their personal and professional creditors. Like an ordinary debtor, the EIRL can have guarantees provided by natural or legal third person. However, in practices, these persons are reluctant to commit themselves. The asset division prevents solvens guarantors to claim recourse attached to the all assets of the EIRL, so reducing the possibility of their reimbursement. Furthermore, plurality of assets allows the EIRL to guarantee itself. However, the technique of guaranteeing the debt of one asset with another can be damaging to the EIRL. Therefore, it’s uncertain that he uses it. If he doesn’t provide sufficient and/or efficient guarantees, he will not easily obtain external financing. If he cannot obtain the financing he needs, the EIRL will not benefit from his status

Filing and settling of claims in insolvency proceedings Abstract The aim of the thesis was to provide a comprehensive picture of the two mutually interconnected topics: (i) classification of claims from the perspective of insolvency proceedings and (ii) filing and settling of claims in insolvency proceedings. Bankruptcy has always accompanied human societies from its very beginnings when people began to exchange goods and provide services. The importance of regulation of bankruptcy is even up with growing trade exchange. The matter stays in focus of lawyers in Czech Republic because the related case law is constantly evolving, which provides the legislator with useful inputs for amendments of the statute law. The source of the amendments of the statute law is also a change in social conditions and recent public policy efforts to make debt releaf and exemption from remaining debts admissible for poor debtors. The 1st part of the thesis is a theoretical introduction focused on the nature of insolvency proceedings (including comparison with general individual civil proceedings), subjects in insolvency proceedings and legal principles governing this procedure. In the 2nd part, I analyzed the classification of claims as the insolvency statute law distinguish them, especially with regards to determination of the...

La faillite internationale est la faillite présentant des éléments d'extranéité. Avec l'expansion du commerce international et la succession d'instabilités économiques, l'importance du sujet a été considérablement accrue. 11eme puissance mondiale avec une économie reposant largement sur le commerce, la Corée (République de Corée), non moins concernée par cette tendance, a modernisé sa législation il y a une décennie. Le volume des échanges commerciaux entre la France et la Corée ayant doublé en 10 ans avec aujourd'hui près de 200 entreprises françaises présentes sur le territoire coréen, les règles nouvelles du droit coréen régissant les faillites transfrontalières ne sont plus indifférentes pour le juriste français. Le droit international privé coréen des faillites, sans paraître à première vue fondamentalement différent des droits français ou européen, comporte plusieurs particularités et fait par ailleurs l'impasse sur des notions phares de l'universalisme modifié auquel il prétend avoir adhéré. La substance, les motivations, et les possibles suites de cet état actuel du droit sont traitées dans la présente étude, avec un regard sur le droit des faillites, le droit de la procédure civile et le droit international privé coréens ainsi qu'une comparaison de ces derniers avec les droits français et européen. / Cross-border insolvency denotes the situations arising out of insolvency involving extraneous aspects. Along with the expansion of international trade and the succession of economic instabilities, the importance of its study has undoubtedly become greater. As one of the most concerned actors by this phenomenon, Korea (Republic of Korea) has modernized its legislation a decade ago. The volume of trade between France and Korea having doubled in 10 years, with nownear 200 French companies established in Korea, the new rules of Korean law governing crossborder insolvencies are no longer irrelevant to French jurists. Korean cross-border insolvency law, while not appearing prima facie to be fundamentally different from French or European laws, has several peculiarities and obfuscates the core principles of modified universalism to which it claims to adhere. The substance, the motivations and the possible results of this state of law will constitute the topic of this thesis, with an overview of Korea's bankruptcy law, civil procedural law and private international law, along with their comparison to French and European laws.

A l’heure de la mondialisation et de la croissance permanente des échanges entre les Etats, la question de la faillite internationale est devenue une problématique de choix, au coeur d’un système aux multiples défaillances. Le jeu du marché ne s’opère plus au regard d’un territoire et d’un Etat, mais véritablement au regard d’un espace économique qui dépasse largement les frontières de la France. Le règlement communautaire 1346/2000 relatif aux procédures d'insolvabilité, entré en vigueur le 31 mai 2002, est un premier aboutissement en la matière au niveau de l’Union européenne. Il appréhende l’insolvabilité transfrontière en réussissant à articuler procédure universelle et procédure territoriale et en liant la compétence juridictionnelle au droit substantiel applicable. La lex fori concursus , à portée universelle, est désignée par le seul critère de compétence applicable pour l'ouverture de la procédure principale d'insolvabilité : le centre des intérêts principaux du débiteur. Notion autonome et incontestablement centrale, elle ne bénéficie pas d'une définition établie. Présumée coïncider avec le siège statutaire pour le débiteur personne morale, l'acception de la notion de centre des intérêts principaux s'est faite de manière prétorienne au fil des années. A l’heure de la révision du Règlement, sa définition n'est toujours pas inscrite à l'article 2 du règlement 1346/2000. Néanmoins, cela s'avère être un avantage lorsque l'on se positionne dans une logique de dimension internationale, dans laquelle le concept de centre des intérêts principaux tend également à s'inscrire. / In the era of globalisation and permanent growth of trade between States, the matter of cross-border insolvency has become an issue of choices at the heart of a system that shows multiple failures. The market rules are no longer governed by a territory or a State, but truly by an economic area that extends far beyond the borders of France. The EC regulation 1346/2000 on insolvency proceedings that came into effect on the 31st of May, 2002 is the first achievement on this matter for the European Union. It apprehends cross-border insolvency while successfully articulating both the universal and territorial proceedings as well as binding jurisdiction with the applicable substantive law. The lex fori concursus with its universal scope is designated by the sole criterion of applicable jurisdiction for initiating the main procedure of insolvency: the debtor's centre of main interests. As an autonomous and undeniably central concept, it has no settled definition. The understanding of the centre of main interests concept which supposedly coincides with the registered office for the legal person debtor, has been put in the hands of Court over the years. Such definition is still not covered in Article 2 of the 1346/2000 regulation. However, this turns out to be an advantage on an international dimension when the concept of centre of main interests tends also to be considered on a world-wide basis.

nÃo hà / Na dÃcada de 1990 ocorreram diversas transformaÃÃes no setor de saÃde no Brasil, sendo uma das mais importantes, a alteraÃÃo da Lei que regula as operadoras de planos e seguros para os riscos à saÃde dos indivÃduos. Este setor vem se tornando cada vez mais concentrado com uma saÃda maior que a entrada de novas empresas. à importante investigar, neste caso, que fatores contribuem para que uma operadora de plano nÃo se sustente no mercado. Quais sÃo os sinais (variÃveis) visÃveis na contabilidade destas que antecipam a insolvÃncia? Para responder esta questÃo, esta dissertaÃÃo utiliza-se de um modelo Logit multivariado para a probabilidade de insolvÃncia, onde os principais cofatores sÃo indicadores financeiros das empresas retiradas da base de dados mais atualizada da AgÃncia Nacional de SaÃde Suplementar. AlÃm destes indicadores, tambÃm foi investigado se o tipo de operadora de plano de saÃde ou o local de atuaÃÃo da mesma tambÃm podem contribuir para o risco de insolvÃncia. Como resultado verificou-se que o tipo de operadora e a regiÃo de atuaÃÃo de cada uma nÃo tÃm correlaÃÃo quanto ao nÃvel de insolvÃncias das OPS. De maneira esperada os indicadores econÃmicos financeiros de endividamento (CT/CP e ENDIV) e de recebimento (PMCR) foram os mais importantes na previsÃo de insolvÃncia das empresas em um perÃodo subsequente. / Na dÃcada de 1990 ocorreram diversas transformaÃÃes no setor de saÃde no Brasil, sendo uma das mais importantes, a alteraÃÃo da Lei que regula as operadoras de planos e seguros para os riscos à saÃde dos indivÃduos. Este setor vem se tornando cada vez mais concentrado com uma saÃda maior que a entrada de novas empresas. à importante investigar, neste caso, que fatores contribuem para que uma operadora de plano nÃo se sustente no mercado. Quais sÃo os sinais (variÃveis) visÃveis na contabilidade destas que antecipam a insolvÃncia? Para responder esta questÃo, esta dissertaÃÃo utiliza-se de um modelo Logit multivariado para a probabilidade de insolvÃncia, onde os principais cofatores sÃo indicadores financeiros das empresas retiradas da base de dados mais atualizada da AgÃncia Nacional de SaÃde Suplementar. AlÃm destes indicadores, tambÃm foi investigado se o tipo de operadora de plano de saÃde ou o local de atuaÃÃo da mesma tambÃm podem contribuir para o risco de insolvÃncia. Como resultado verificou-se que o tipo de operadora e a regiÃo de atuaÃÃo de cada uma nÃo tÃm correlaÃÃo quanto ao nÃvel de insolvÃncias das OPS. De maneira esperada os indicadores econÃmicos financeiros de endividamento (CT/CP e ENDIV) e de recebimento (PMCR) foram os mais importantes na previsÃo de insolvÃncia das empresas em um perÃodo subsequente.

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of international insolvency law, in particular with certain areas of European insolvency law, with an emphasis on the matters of international jurisdiction for opening of main and territorial insolvency proceedings and international jurisdiction to hear actions related to insolvency proceedings. Furthermore, this diploma thesis is aimed at evaluation of the Czech legislation regarding cross-border insolvencies. The legal framework for European insolvency law was incorporated into the Insolvency regulation in 2002. Due to disagreements between certain member states of the EU regarding some of the important institutes of cross-border insolvencies the Insolvency regulation often contains vague provisions. It, therefore, fell to the Court of Justice of the European Union to provide interpretation of such ambiguous clauses. In 2012 the European commission created a report on the application of the Insolvency regulation and simultaneously presented a long awaited proposal for modernisation of the European insolvency law in the form of the Insolvency regulation recast. The aim of the Insolvency regulation recast is to promote cooperation between member states in the matter of cross-border insolvency proceedings. Additionally, it codifies a substantial part of the...