Transition to adulthood is a complex phenomenon, yielding varying outcomes for young people in different environments. Hence, adolescent girls transitioning from institutional care are a heterogeneous group with varying transition experiences and livelihood outcomes. Studies suggest that adolescents leaving care have less desirable outcomes compared to their counterparts in familial care (Vaughn, Shook & McMillen, 2008). Therefore, adolescents in the institutional context need specialised transition programmes as they traverse to adulthood and independent living (Storm, Porter & Macaulay, 2010:307). Unfortunately, institutions fail to provide well-structured and gender-sensitive transition programmes that promote the achievement of sustainable livelihoods during and after leaving care (Powell, 2006:143). As a consequence, adolescents are vulnerable to negative social and economic outcomes beyond institutional care. iii. The goal of the study was to evaluate the effects of transition programmes on the livelihood outcomes of adolescent girls post institutional care in Highfield, Harare. This study, which is participatory action research, evaluated the transitions and livelihood outcomes of adolescent girls transitioning from two institutions in Highfield, Harare. To conceptualise the transition phenomena, sustainable livelihoods and feminist theoretical frameworks were applied. Mixed methods approaches were used and qualitative as well as quantitative data were collected, analysed and interpreted concurrently. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty-two adolescent girls, two superintendents and a district social services officer. Focus group discussions were held with participants from Institutions A and B and observations made on their counterparts discharged from the same institutions. A gender assessment questionnaire was administered to superintendents to establish whether the programmes being provided were gender-sensitive. Findings from the study showed that adolescent girls in the two institutions have access to more assets (55.55%) compared to those outside with 49.2%. Hence, adolescent girls leaving institutional care lose 6.35% assets, making them poorer than their counterparts in care. Adolescent girls in the institutional context face increased gender-based constraints resulting in limited access to livelihood opportunities. Findings also indicate that adolescent girls living in resource-constrained institutions and households have more complex and harder transitions compared to those in well-resourced institutions and households. The study concluded that the transition programmes being provided are not adequately preparing adolescent girls for life beyond care and they are also not gender-sensitive. Thus, they have a negative impact on the transitions and livelihood outcomes of adolescent girls. Furthermore, stakeholders in the transition process lack financial and human resources to develop and implement gender-responsive transition policies and programmes, thereby affecting adolescent girls’ access to different kinds of livelihood assets. iv. To facilitate successful transitions, this study recommends the development of gender-sensitive transition policies, transformation of the case management system and more investments in participatory policy development, planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluation of transition programmes. Key words Adolescent girls Assets Case management system Evaluation Feminist approaches Institutional care Livelihood outcomes Poverty Sustainable Livelihoods Approach Transition programmes / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2015. / tm2015 / Social Work and Criminology / Unrestricted

[pt] Esta pesquisa visa refletir sobre a participação do adolescente no processo de desligamento do acolhimento institucional, como um direito à convivência familiar e comunitária. No estudo, considerou-se o sentimento de pertencimento dos adolescentes como fator diferencial para que este processo seja construído e vivido junto com os mesmos. Entendemos que este processo se dá por meio da escuta atenta dos adolescentes, sendo pautado nos princípios dos direitos humanos, nos quais são reconhecidos como pessoas que têm direitos e acesso a estes por meio de sua participação. A análise possibilitou evidenciar o compromisso do labor institucional com o adolescente acolhido, respeitando seu direito de participação no processo de acolhimento, incentivando sua autonomia, bem como seu sentimento de pertencimento, como elementos fundamentais para o desligamento institucional. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, foi realizada na Unidade de Reinserção Social Bangu (URS Bangu). A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de observação participante e registros sistemáticos em diário de campo sobre o cotidiano dos adolescentes na instituição. A pesquisa foi complementada com oficinas e grupos focais, focalizando a participação dos adolescentes no processo de desligamento institucional. Esta dissertação articula um tema de grande importância acadêmica com o debate em políticas públicas, visando contribuir para o aprofundamento do conhecimento sobre o direito à convivência familiar e comunitária e o processo de desligamento de adolescentes em acolhimento institucional. / [en] This research aims to reflect on the participation of the adolescent in the process of detachment of institutional care, as a right to family and community coexistence. In the study, the adolescents sense of belonging was considered as a differential factor for this process to be constructed and lived along with them. We understand that this process occurs through the attentive listening of adolescents, based on the principles of human rights, where they are recognized as persons, who have rights and access to them through their participation. The qualitative research was carried out at the Bangu Social Reinsertion Unit (URS Bangu). The data collection was done through participant observation and systematic records in field diary about the daily life of adolescents in the institution. The research was complemented by workshops and focus groups, focusing on the participation of adolescents in the process of institutional disengagement. The analysis made it possible to highlight the commitment of the institutional work with the adolescents, respecting their right to participate in the reception process, encouraging their autonomy and building a sense of belonging. These are fundamental elements for the process of institutional detachment and for their insertion in the world. This dissertation articulates a topic of great academic importance with the debate in public policies, aiming to contribute to the deepening of the knowledge about the right to family and community coexistence and the process of detachment of adolescents in institutional care.

TITLE Transformation of Children's homes into a new type of facilities ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to map the evolution and current state of the system of care for children and families at risk in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic, the educational-psychological perspective on the issue and to outline a vision for the future development. It is based on literature review particularly in the fields of work with children and families at risk, social pedagogy, developmental psychology, historical and current system of care for children at risk in our country and the Slovak Republic. The study contains knowledge of the author's experience in residential care and the first year experience in pilot project which aims to transform children's home into the facility providing support and field services for families at risk. The purpose of the practical part of the paper is to prove feasibility of the proposal using the case reports of children placed in children's home. KEYWORDS Child at risk, substitute family care, institutional care, the transformation of institutional care, remediation of a family.

卓春英. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學, 1999. / 參考文獻 (p. 403-448) / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zhuo Chunying. / Lun wen (Bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1999. / Can kao wen xian (p. 403-448) / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

by Li Chi Mei, Cross. / Includes questionaire in Chinese. / Thesis (M.S.W.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-116). / Acknowledgement --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii -iii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 -4 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.5-26 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Conceptual Framework --- p.27 -38 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Research Questions & Hypotheses --- p.39 -40 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Research Methodology --- p.41-47 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Results --- p.48 -72 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Discussion of the Findings --- p.73 -94 / Chapter Chapter 8 --- Recommendations & Conclusion --- p.95 -103 / References --- p.104-116 / Appendices A : Table of Reliability --- p.117-123 / Chapter B : --- Results of the Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory --- p.124-125 / Chapter C : --- Questionnaire (English Version) --- p.126-133 / Chapter D : --- Questionnaire (Chinese Version) --- p.134-141

The living situation of the older generation is a matter of increasing social concern. Demographic changes are leading to larger proportions of elderly people in the populations of the developed world. Tied into this evolution and even more important are the processes of social change - in particular the loosening of traditional family bonds - which make the living situation of older people extremely precarious once they begin to become frail.One aspect of the living situation of older people, namely their housing situation, or more specifically the question of housing and care, has long been neglected or mainly answered with uniform solutions of institutionalized housing for the elderly. Today, these cannot be seen as the only answer to the diverse needs of elderly people, especially since the housing situation has a very strong influence in determining their degree of self-sufficiency. The increased need for housing suited to the needs of elderly people is the impetus for additional investigation, improvement of present conditions, and studies of future developments. The resulting knowledge and impact on the built environment will be very important to academia and the future education of all environmental design professionals as well as society in general.The purpose of this investigation is to illustrate the significance and relationship of socialand spatial requirements within the concept of living and care, because only the simultaneous addressing of these conditions allows for 'aging with dignity'. The existing demographic situation as well as the inadequate housing situation for the elderly makes it important to investigate the provision of health care, social services, and everyday necessities along with a well-designed architectural and urban development framework.This paper consists of three main parts. The first two parts focus on the research of theoretical and practical design aspects as they pertain to current thinking in elderly care and assisted living. This is accomplished through an investigation of published international examples. In addition, valuable information about the housing needs and desires of elderly people was gathered by exploring four built examples in the United States and Germany, thus helping to identify the framework of the architectural exploration.The third part documents the development and process of both an operational and design concept for elderly housing in a selected urban community. The site is located in Potsdam, Germany, within an existing urban block of the old city core. The architectural design attempts to express the idea of 'aging in dignity' and includes thoughts about the interrelation of new and existing residential units as well as their impact on the context.The aim of the study is to ascertain information about the effects of diverse, networked and, in part, innovative facilities and services on the independent living capabilities of the elderly, and the control over one's living environment. Promoting independent living, this study should help to determine the extent to which these services could be provided. / Department of Architecture

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