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Virtual reality has been a popular training tool for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in recent years. Although virtual reality was proven to be a promising tool for individuals with ASD by many previous studies, effects of virtual reality properties on user experience is still an unexplored area. More comparison studies and reliable data are needed to identify the benefits of different VR methods and properties, and leverage the future VR systems. In this dissertation, we explored effects of virtual reality properties on user experience of high functioning individuals with ASD with four different serious game experiments. The first experiment consisted of a virtual reality serious game system for vocational training of individuals with ASD. Although this experiment was focused on the effectiveness of virtual reality training on vocational skills of individuals with ASD and was not comparative; during the user study with 9 neurotypical and 9 high functioning ASD individuals, several observations regarding the effects of virtual reality properties on user experience have been performed. The next three experiments investigated the following: effects of instruction methods on user performance with virtual reality warehouse serious game, effects of visual fidelity and view zoom on user performance with a virtual reality investigation serious game, and effects of environmental clutter and motion on user performance with a virtual reality searching serious game. These three experiments were evaluated with user studies of 15 neurotypical and 15 high functioning ASD individuals. Our motivation was to provide positive contribution to the design and development of future virtual reality serious games targeting individuals with ASD so that more benefits could be gained from these applications. Results of the virtual reality for vocational rehabilitation experiment indicated that virtual reality provided effective training especially for the money management, cleaning and social skills of high functioning individuals with ASD. The distracters in the form of background motion and audio did not affect the performance of the participants significantly. Based on the results of the instruction methods experiment, using animated instructions and avoiding verbal instructions in virtual environments was recommended for an audience of high functioning individuals with ASD. The visual fidelity and view zoom experiment’s results indicated that using low visual fidelity and normal view zoom are better design principles for training applications targeting high functioning individuals with ASD. The results of the experiment on clutter and motion in virtual worksp aces suggested that using no clutter and no motion in training applications targeting high functioning individuals with ASD would provide better user experience. Several other design guidelines based on data analysis and observation were shared in the study, with the aim of leveraging future virtual reality serious games targeting high functioning individuals with ASD.

"Grassroots schools" and training centers in the Prospect district of Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1959-1964 -- We will move : the Kennedy administration and restoring public education to Prince Edward County, Virginia -- Farmville, 1963 : the long hot summer -- Black resilience vs. white resistance in Prince Edward County -- Northerners in a Jim Crow world : Queens College summer experience -- A lecture from the children of the "lost-generation" of students from Prince Edward County, Virginia -- Reflections of African American parents, teachers, and students in Prince Edward County, Virginia, 1959-1964. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1029/thumbnail.jpg

The purpose of this study was to compare four different methods of bibliographic instruction in order to determine which method would have the most effect on student learning.

Leading, teaching, and learning for a new age -- One individual's evolution -- Toward wisdom -- Limiting knowledge limits future -- A different patriotism -- Now is not real -- Seek wisdom: lead inquiry -- Constructing self, constructing organization -- Choosing to learn. / https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1045/thumbnail.jpg

This study aimed to explore the effects of instructional methods in the asynchronous web-based &ldquo / Science and Math Teaching Methods Course&rdquo / on pre-service teachers&rsquo / achievement, metacognition, and attitudes towards computer, WWW, and the web-based course. It was conducted with two groups, total of 63 third grade pre-service teachers, and one instructor (the researcher), in the Elementary Education Department at Bosphorus University in the academic year of 2003-2004. The Instructor used `Direct Instruction` method based on behaviorist approach for one group, and `Indirect Instruction` method based on constructivist approach for the other one. The general metacognition questionnaire and, attitude scales for the computer and WWW were given as pretests, and after a fourteen-week treatment period they were given as posttests to both groups. Additionally, in the middle of the semester a midterm exam, and at the end of the semester a final exam, and attitudes towards web-based course scale were administered. Thus, the effectiveness of the two different instructional methods was compared. The data obtained were analyzed by statistical techniques of multivariate analyses of covariance. Results of the statistical analyses indicated that the group exposed to the web-based indirect instruction had significantly higher achievement on the final exam than the one exposed to the web based direct instruction. On the other hand, the group exposed to the web based direct instruction had significantly higher attitudes towards web-based course than the one exposed to the web-based indirect instruction. However, the statistical analyses failed to show any significant differences between the groups on the midterm exam, metacognition, and, attitudes towards computer and WWW.

The diploma thesis entitled "Education of Pupils with parallel hearing and mental disabilities in the 1st grade of Primary School for the hearing impaired " analyzes the accessibility of teaching aids for students frequenting Grades 1-6 of elementary schools for students with hearing problems. With respect to the subject treated, exploring part of the thesis focuses on on the collaboration of the teacher with the hearing-impaired educator or the educator's assistant. Also discussed are the types of communication systems most frequently used by the teachers during their work. In the thesis there is also an overview of elementary schools in the Czech Republic, in which students with hearing impairments and parallel mental retardation are educated on the 1st grade. The objective of this diploma thesis is to point out the shortage of teaching aids for students with this form of health impairment, who require a variety of educational strategies, given their specific educational needs. The research work was undertaken using methods of a semi-structured interview, observation and an analysis of teaching products. The outcome of the research conducted for the purposes of this diploma thesis was the conclusion that the availability of teaching aids for students with parallel hearing and mental impairments...

The diploma thesis entitled "Education of Pupils with parallel hearing and mental disabilities in the 1st grade of Primary School for the hearing impaired " analyzes the accessibility of teaching aids for students frequenting Grades 1-6 of elementary schools for students with hearing problems. With respect to the subject treated, one part of the thesis focuses on the instruction methods used for the teaching and education of such children and on the collaboration of the teacher with the hearing-impaired educator or the educator's assistant. Also discussed are the types of communication systems most frequently used by the teachers during their work. The second part of the thesis provides an overview of elementary schools in the Czech Republic, in which students with hearing impairments and parallel mental retardation receive education. The objective of this diploma thesis is to point out the shortage of teaching aids for students with this form of health impairment, who require a variety of educational strategies, given their specific educational needs. The research work was undertaken using methods of a semi-structured interview, observation and an analysis of teaching products. The outcome of the research conducted for the purposes of this diploma thesis was the conclusion that the availability of...

INTRODUÇÃO: A audição é fundamental para aquisição e desenvolvimento da fala. Atualmente, mesmo com o avanço no atendimento ao surdo utilizando a língua de sinais, muitos procuram pelo trabalho oral. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as mudanças na voz e na fala de surdos após a aplicação de um procedimento terapêutico que utiliza como apoio o feedback visual. MÉTODOS: participaram deste estudo 18 indivíduos surdos, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos que realizaram 16 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica com apoio visual. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Encontraram-se valores de freqüência fundamental e tempos de fonação próximos ao esperado para sujeitos com audição normal e melhora da inteligibilidade da fala e do controle do pitch. Esses achados mostraram que o trabalho com surdos deve abranger a parte vocal, pois esta proporciona melhora na voz e na fala. / Hearing is fundamental for the acquisition and development of speech. Nowadays, even with improved assistance to deaf people using sign language, many of them seek oral language. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the changes in the voice and speech of deaf people after application of a therapy procedure with the support of visual feedback. METHODS: 18 deaf individuals, aged between 12 and 17, took part in this study consisting of 16 speech therapy sessions using visual support. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The values of fundamental frequency and phonation times were found to be close to expected values for individuals with normal hearing as well as improved speech intelligibility and pitch control. These findings showed that the work with deaf people should encompass the vocal element as it provides an improvement in voice and speech.

INTRODUÇÃO: A audição é fundamental para aquisição e desenvolvimento da fala. Atualmente, mesmo com o avanço no atendimento ao surdo utilizando a língua de sinais, muitos procuram pelo trabalho oral. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as mudanças na voz e na fala de surdos após a aplicação de um procedimento terapêutico que utiliza como apoio o feedback visual. MÉTODOS: participaram deste estudo 18 indivíduos surdos, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos que realizaram 16 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica com apoio visual. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Encontraram-se valores de freqüência fundamental e tempos de fonação próximos ao esperado para sujeitos com audição normal e melhora da inteligibilidade da fala e do controle do pitch. Esses achados mostraram que o trabalho com surdos deve abranger a parte vocal, pois esta proporciona melhora na voz e na fala. / Hearing is fundamental for the acquisition and development of speech. Nowadays, even with improved assistance to deaf people using sign language, many of them seek oral language. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the changes in the voice and speech of deaf people after application of a therapy procedure with the support of visual feedback. METHODS: 18 deaf individuals, aged between 12 and 17, took part in this study consisting of 16 speech therapy sessions using visual support. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The values of fundamental frequency and phonation times were found to be close to expected values for individuals with normal hearing as well as improved speech intelligibility and pitch control. These findings showed that the work with deaf people should encompass the vocal element as it provides an improvement in voice and speech.