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The purpose of this study was to gain more information about the nomological network that supported the construct of career maturity. To achieve this purpose nine hypotheses were tested using a sample of 104 fourth year college students and 24 first year college students. These hypotheses tested the relationship of the within and between portions of the nomological network, the monotonic function of scores on measures of career maturity, and the sex differences of scores on measures of career maturity. A correlation matrix, a truncated multitrait-multimethod matrix, and t-tests between group means revealed that the convergent and discriminant validity of the construct of career maturity as measured by the Career Development Inventory and the Attitude Scale of the Career Maturity Inventory is far from assured. The Attitude Scale of the CMI failed to converge on the attitudinal scales of the CDI and correlated significantly with three out of the four cognitive scales of the CDI. The attitudinal scales of the CDI converged as expected. The cognitive scales of the CDI showed moderate correlations with each other with the exception of Scale 6, Information A and Preferred Occupation. Scale 6 had very low correlations with all of the CDI scales. Scales 1, 3, 4, and 5 of the CDI and the Attitude Scale of the CMI failed to present a pattern of correlations that would support their discriminant validity. Scale 1 of the CDI had significantly higher r's with locus of control and personal adjustment than with Scale 3 of the CDI. The Attitude Scale of the CMI had a significantly higher r-with grade point average than with Scales 2 and 6 of the CDI. It also had a significantly higher r with locus of control than with Scale 2 of the CDI. Scale 3 had a significantly higher r with grade point average than with Scales 1, 2 and 6 of the CDI. Scale 4 had a significantly higher r with grade point average than with Scales 2 and 6 of the CDI. Scale 5 had a significantly higher r with grade “l point average than with Scale 6 of the CDI. There were no significant differences between mean scores of female and male fourth year college 6 students at the .05 level on Scales 2, 3 and 5 of the CDI and the Attitude Scale of the CMI. Fourth year college students had significantly higher mean scores at the .05 level than first year college students on Scales 1 and 5 of the CDI. / Ed. D.

Using the data collected in the CYS (5), it is the purpose of the present study to show the relationships of certain background variables to the clothing interests of high school girls in metropolitan groups. Specifically, it proposes to answer the question, does the student's age, the number of siblings, the father's education, or the father's occupation influence these interests?

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The major concern in the world of work has been the mismatch between a person's vocational interests and job pursuits. The understanding has been that jobs make differing demands on people and that the abilities of the individual and demands of the job have a bearing on productivity hence the need for matching people to jobs. The most notable attempts to identify and organize vocational interests have been Holland's theory of vocational interests and personality types. Holland asserts that people can be categorized predominantly as one of six personality types, namely, realistic (R), investigative (I), artistic (A), social (S), enterprising (E), and conventional (C). The review of literature has shown that person-environment fit explains the degree of match between occupational pursuits and one's vocational interests and that before a measure can be used across cultures, its construct validity must be established in each culture. The current study was motivated by the Zimbabwe Public Service Commission's quest, in the absence of vocational interest measures tailored for Zimbabwe, for assessment tools that can assist in predicting suitability for recruitment or promotion. The study was therefore designed to (a) develop a measure of vocational interest validated on the Zimbabwe population, (b) build a model for predicting and classifying people into job sectors and (c) assess the adequacy of Holland's RIASEC structure for assessing person-job fit in the Zimbabwe Public Service. To achieve this, a correlational research design was used. The vocational interest measure and the MB-10 were the two instruments used for data collection. A sample of 500 public servants representing six occupational sectors in the Zimbabwe Public Service participated in the study. Statistical approaches to data analysis included reliability and validity analysis, factor analysis and multiple discriminant analysis. The results of the reliability coefficients were within acceptable levels. The subscale reliabilities of the vocational interest measure ranged from ra = 0.85 to ra = 0.89. Overall, the concurrent validity of the vocational interest measure was established. Factor analysis and correlation coefficients statistic assessed the adequacy of the hexagonal ordering of the RIASEC types. Factor analysis was computed resulting in 8 factors being extracted instead of the theoretically conceptualized 6 factors. The 8 extracted factors accounted for 65.88% of the total variance. Holland's theory affirms that occupational types that are more proximate on the hexagon are more similar than types that are more distant. Results of the RIASEC intercorrelations showed strong correlations between Realistic and Investigative (r = 0.69) and moderate correlations with four of the adjacent types. However, low and negative correlations were obtained between Conventional and Realistic (adjacent types) (r = -0.14) and between Investigative and Conventional (alternate types) (r = -0.11). On the other hand, there was strong correlation between Realistic and Social (opposite types) (r = 0.25.) The model for predicting and classifying people into appropriate job sectors was developed. The model's utility was confirmed using the scores from the sample data. The cross validation table obtained an error rate of 0.29, an indication of a relatively good model. Given the results of the present study, it appears the study hypotheses were generally supported. Further work in refining the model is recommended.

Several Supreme Court cases in the latter half of the 20th Century established a criminal defendant's due process right to put forward an effective defense. To put forward an effective defense, one must be able to introduce exculpatory evidence on one's behalf. A defendant's witness may claim the right against self-incrimination, in which case the defendant may request immunity for the witness so that he will testify. If that request is denied, a defendant's due process right to put forward an effective defense may be implicated. The refusal to grant defense witness immunity is one instance of suppression of evidence. In a string of cases in the Third Circuit, the courts have implemented a test for determining under what conditions a due process violation occurs in this situation. But, there is significant reason to believe that in implementing the test the court has relied on incorrect assumptions. This paper discusses how the court has relied on unwarranted assumptions to make due process determinations, and concludes that in so doing it has imposed too high a standard for a due process violation. First, the court interprets the test as a test for a due process violation, when there is reason to believe that the court articulating the test meant it to be a test for the appropriateness of judicially created immunity as the remedy for an existing due process violation. Second, the court makes an unwarranted assumption that any strong governmental interest countervails against a grant of witness immunity. Third, the court imposes too high a standard for determining what counts as a strong governmental interest because it does not give sufficient weight the context of the determination. These three unwarranted assumptions suggest that the court has imposed too high a standard for determining due process violations. / text

Em momentos de mudanças velozes e de instabilidade do mundo do trabalho, investigações sobre constructos, como a autoeficácia e os interesses profissionais, são relevantes, objetivando maior entendimento no que se refere ao desenvolvimento de carreira de jovens e adultos. No âmbito dos modelos sóciocognitivos da carreira de Lent, Brown e Hackett (1994), este estudo visa analisar a relação entre interesses e crenças de autoeficácia, bem como estudar os interesses e a autoeficácia em função da procedência escolar, sexo e nível socioeconômico familiar. Os participantes da pesquisa foram 241 alunos, de ambos os sexos, do terceiro ano do ensino médio, regular e técnico, com idades entre 16 a 20 anos, provenientes de duas instituições públicas de ensino, de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os instrumentos aplicados coletivamente foram: (a) Questionário de Identificação; (b) Inventário de Autoeficácia em Desenvolvimento da Carreira (CD-SEI) - versão brasileira e (c) Avaliação dos Interesses Profissionais (AIP). Os resultados não apontaram diferenças significativas na percepção da autoeficácia em desenvolvimento da carreira em relação à procedência escolar e ao sexo; no entanto, em relação ao nível socioeconômico familiar verificou-se que alunos de condições socioeconômicas mais elevadas se percebem mais capazes de lidar com questões relativas ao desenvolvimento da carreira que alunos do nível socioeconômico mais baixo. No que se refere aos interesses profissionais, não foram identificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em função da variável nível socioeconômico, porém, verificou-se que os estereótipos de gênero ainda predominam na formação dos interesses dos adolescentes e que os alunos provenientes do ensino médio técnico possuem interesses mais claros que alunos do ensino médio regular. Foram verificadas correlações baixas, mas estatisticamente significativas entre as dimensões e escore total da autoeficácia e as escolhas reais em alguns campos de interesses. Estes resultados indicam pistas para intervenções baseadas no referencial da Teoria Social Cognitiva de Carreira, que visem o trabalho da autoeficácia em desenvolvimento de carreira, principalmente, com estudantes de níveis sociais e econômicos mais baixos e que contemplem também questões relativas às diferenças de gênero, no que se refere aos interesses profissionais. No futuro será indicado o estudo das variáveis investigadas em diferentes amostras e inclusão de outras variáveis consideradas importantes para perspectiva da Teoria Social Cognitiva de Carreira, tais como as expectativas de resultado, os objetivos, o desempenho escolar, dentre outras. / At moments of fast changes and instability in the world of work, investigations about constructs such as self-efficacy and career interests are relevant, aiming at a better comprehension of young peoples and adults career development. According to Lent, Brown and Hacketts socio-cognitive models of career (1994), this study aims at examining the relationship between interests and self-efficacy beliefs, as well as studying the interests and self-efficacy, according to school type, sex and family socioeconomic status. The subjects were 241 students, male and female, aged between 16 and 20 years old, attending the 3rd grade of high school and 3rd grade of technical schools in two public schools located in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The instruments applied collectively were: the Identification Questionnaire (Questionário de Identificação), the Career Development Self-Efficacy Inventory - CD-SEI- Brazilian version (Inventário de Autoeficácia em Desenvolvimento de Carreira) and the Evaluation of Professional Interests - EPI (Avaliação dos Interesses Profissionais- AIP). The results have not shown any significant differences between selfefficacy in career development related to the type of school or gender. However, the study pointed that higher socio-economic level students consider themselves more capable to deal with career development issues than lower socio-economic level students. Regarding career interests, significant differences were not identified when considering the socio-economic level variable; however, gender stereotypes were still found to prevail with the teenagers interest development, and the results also showed that technical school students have their interests better defined than regular high school students. Low but statistically significant correlations were verified between the dimensions investigated and the total score of selfefficacy and true choices in some fields of interests. The results suggest clues to interventions based on the Social Cognitive Career Theory that aim at the development of self-efficacy, especially with lower social and socio-economic level students, as well as regarding gender differences issues concerning career interests. Future studies are suggested that include other variables which are considered important in the Social Cognitive Career Theory, such as: outcomes expectations, goals, school performance, among others, in different samples.

Processos de Orientação Profissional e de Carreira objetivam auxiliar pessoas a refletirem sobre seus projetos de vida e as decisões relacionadas à carreira. Em tais processos instrumentos de avaliação psicológica, utilizados em uma perspectiva dinâmica e integrativa, podem contribuir para a clarificação das inclinações e disposições para a escolha da carreira em pessoas que buscam auxílio para tal empreendimento. Entre as diversas variáveis psicológicas que influenciam as escolhas ocupacionais destacam-se, neste estudo, os interesses profissionais, mensurados por meio de dois instrumentos: a Avaliação de Interesses Profissionais (AIP) e o Teste de fotos de Profissões (Berufsbilder Test, BBT-Br). Assim, esta investigação objetiva descrever as estruturas de interesses profissionais em estudantes do ensino médio regular e técnico em função do sexo e da procedência escolar, avaliar índices de consistência interna (fidedignidade) dos instrumentos, e correlacionar os resultados da AIP com o BBT-Br. A amostra desta investigação foi composta por 231 participantes, com idade entre 16 e 55 anos; 75 (32,5%) do sexo masculino e 156 (67,5%) do sexo feminino; 121 (52,4%) provenientes do ensino médio técnico e 110 (47,6%) do ensino médio regular. Os alunos do curso técnico eram oriundos dos cursos de administração, secretariado, eletrônica, design, mecatrônica, edificações e eletrotécnica. Os resultados indicaram a existência de diferenças significativas de escolhas em função do sexo dos participantes, tal como em estudos similares da área, que já apontavam a existência de padrões de escolhas diferenciados entre homens e mulheres. Em relação à procedência escolar, foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre os estudantes de ensino médio regular e técnico somente no grupo masculino da amostra. No que diz respeito aos índices de consistência interna da AIP (Alfa de Cronbach), foram obtidos valores que variaram de 0,529 a 0,746, que podem ser considerados índices razoáveis; para o BBT-Br foram encontrados valores de consistência interna entre 0,418 a 0,753, indicadores também classificados como índices razoáveis de fidedignidade. Quanto a análise dos índices de correlação (Correlação de Pearson) entre a AIP e o BBT, foram obtidas diversas correlações significativas ( 0,30), tanto no grupo feminino da amostra quanto no grupo masculino. Assim, aponta-se para a convergência dos resultados dos instrumentos avaliados. Sobre os índices de consistência interna da AIP, indica-se a necessidade de aprimoramento do instrumento. Por fim, assinala-se a importância de ampliação de estudos que avaliem as características de estudantes de ensino médio técnico / Career Guidance and Career Processes aim to assist people in reflecting on their own life plans and decisions related to career. Applied in a dynamic and integrative perspective, psychological assessment instruments can contribute to clarify inclinations and dispositions to career choice for those who seek help for such undertaking. Among several psychological variables that can influence occupational choices, the professional interests stand out in this study, measured by two instruments: the Assessment of Professional Interests (AIP) and the Test of pictures of Occupations (Berufsbilder Test, BBT-Br). This research aims to describe the structures of professional interests of students in regular secondary and technical education schools by gender and school of origin. To assess the internal consistency (reliability) of the chosen instrument, the results have been correlated to the AIP BBT-Br. The research sample consisted of 231 participants, aged from 16 to 55 years; 75 (32.5%) male and 156 (67.5%) female patients; 121 (52.4%) and 110 (47.6%) from technical schools and regular high schools, respectively. Students in technical schools were distributed in courses on administration, secretarial, machine design, mechatronics, electrical engineering, and buildings. The results indicated significant differences in career choices depending on the sex of the participants. This agrees with similar studies already reported in the area, indicating the existence of patterns of differentiated choices between men and women. Also, for the school of origin, it was found significant differences between students from technical and regular schools only in the male sample group. Regarding to internal consistency of the AIP (Cronbach\'s alpha), values ranged from 0.529 to 0.746 , which can be considered reasonable rates; for the BBT -Br were found internal consistency values between 0.418 to 0.753, indicators also classified as reasonable levels of reliability. With respect to the analysis of correlation coefficients (Pearson correlation) between the AIP and the BBT, several significant correlations ( 0.30) were obtained in both female and male sample groups. Therefore, it is noted for the convergence of the results of both instruments; on the internal consistency of the AIP, it indicates the need for improving the instrument. Finally, we point out the importance of expanding studies to evaluate the characteristics of students from technical high schools

by Susanna Hui Cheung Sau Man. / Bibliography : leaves [95-100] / Thesis (M.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1982

Lam, Fei Yan Danny. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-195). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese; appendixes in Chinese.