Deutschland braucht eine neue außenpolitische Kultur! Hierfür plädierte eine junge Gruppe aus dem "Tönissteiner Kreis" 2010 in der Frühjahrsausgabe von WeltTrends und forderte eine klare Formulierung deutscher Interessen. Die angestoßene Debatte stieß auf große Resonanz und wurde von jungen Akademikern aufgenommen, die sich nicht scheuten, eigene Anregungen für die deutsche Außenpolitik zu formulieren und zentrale Thesen des Plädoyers in Frage zu stellen: Worin bestand das Neue, worin das Deutsche an der Forderung nach einer Interessendefinition? Das Papier gibt die lebhafte Debatte des außenpolitischen Nachwuchses wieder, die 2010 innerhalb wie außerhalb der Zeitschrift geführt wurde.

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Samhället står i ständig förändring, och vi lever i ett informationssamhälle där vi ideligen kommer i kontakt med olika former av texter, vilket har fått till följd att det ställs andra krav på människans läsutveckling. Då forskning har visat på minskad läsförmåga hos elever i årskurs 4, ansåg vi det intressant att utveckla kunskap om hur elevers läsintresse kommer till uttryck i och utanför skolan, vilket också är studiens syfte. I denna studie har kvantitativ och kvalitativ metod kombinerats. För att få svar på vilka förutsättningar som har betydelse för elevers läsintresse utanför skolan, genomfördes en enkätundersökning. Elevernas enkätsvar användes som stöd när lärarna därefter intervjuades. Lärarna kunde också ge svar på vilka förutsättningar som har betydelse för elevernas läsvanor i skolan. Det centrala som studiens resultat pekar på är att det, finns fysiska och intellektuella redskap. Då studien utgår ifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv kan det fysiska redskapet förklaras som böcker, medan det intellektuella redskapet kan förklaras som läsintresset. Det har betydelse för elevers läsintresse, att de fysiska och intellektuella redskapen  samverkar med varandra. / The society is constantly changing, and we live in an information society where weoften get in contact with different forms of texts. Because of that we can see other typesof demands on peoples reading development. Research has shown reduced readingability in students in grade four, therefore we thought it would be interesting to gainknowledge about the condition regarding interests of reading for students in grade four,both in and outside school, which also is the purpose of this study.In this study, quantitative and qualitative methods were combined. To get the answersto what conditions are relevant to the students’ interest in reading outside the school, asurvey was made. The students’ survey responses were then used as support when theteachers thereafter were interviewed. The teachers could also provide the answers onwhat conditions are relevant to the students’ reading habits at school.The most important result of this study is that there are physical instrument andintellectual instrument. As the study is based on a socio cultural perspective, thephysical instrument can be explained as books, whilst the intellectual instrument can beexplained as interests of reading. In order to motivate students’ interest in reading, it isimportant that these instruments interact with each other.

En av de mest framstående fördelarna med skiljeförfarande som tvistlösningsmetod är att parterna har möjlighet att utse skiljemän som de känner förtroende för och som har sär- skild kompetens för tvistens avgörande. Enligt 8 § lagen (1999:116) om skiljeförfarande (LSF) ska en skiljeman vara opartisk, och om det finns omständigheter som rubbar förtro- endet för skiljemannens opartiskhet ska denne skiljas från sitt uppdrag. Om en skiljeman är partisk kan även skiljedomen klandras och upphävas. Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda skiljemäns (o)partiskhet enligt 8 § LSF samt att försöka fastställa gällande rätt för partiskhet i relationen mellan skiljeman och partsombud. Relationen mellan skiljeman och partsombud är inte reglerad i LSF men i rättspraxis finns vägledning för vilka omständigheter som kan vara av förtroenderubbande karaktär. HD har fastslagit att en hög standard ska gälla för den aktuella relationen. Enligt domstolen är det förtroenderubbande om en advokatbyrå där skiljemannen är anställd har en affärsmässigt betydelsefull relation med en part eller närstående till part i skiljeförfarandet. Vidare har HD anfört att det även kan vara förtroenderubbande för skiljemannens opartiskhet om en advokatbyrå medverkat till att en viss skiljeman ofta får skiljeuppdrag. Svea hovrätt har konstaterat att det även är förtroenderubbande om en delägare i en advokatbyrå tjänstgör som skiljeman i ett skiljeförfarande där ena parten är motpart i en annan tvist till ett annat företag som har skiljemannens advokatbyrå som ombud. Vidare har advokatetiska regler en preventiv funktion för att motverka partiska skiljemän. En advokat som handlar i strid med sådana regler är dock inte automatiskt att anse som partisk enligt 8 § LSF. / One of the most prominent advantages of arbitration as a form of dispute resolution is that the parties may appoint arbitrators who they have confidence in and that have particular expertise in the question of the dispute. According to 8 § of the Swedish Arbitration Act (SAA), an arbitrator must be impartial and an arbitrator shall be discharged if there exists any circumstance which may diminish confidence in the arbitrator's impartiality. The arbi- tration award may also be challenged and set aside, if the arbitrator is biased. This thesis aims to examine the arbitrators’ (im)partiality according to 8 § SAA, and to de- termine when the relationship between an arbitrator and a legal counsel is considered to undermine the confidence in the arbitrator's impartiality. The relationship between an arbitrator and a counsel is not regulated by SAA but circum- stances that diminish the confidence of the arbitrator’s impartiality have been subject to ju- dicial review. The Supreme Court has set high standards for the relationship in question. For example, it is according to the Court confidence diminishing if the arbitrator’s law firm currently has a significant commercial relationship with one of the parties in the arbitration as well as when a law firm contributes to that a particular arbitrator often receives assign- ments as an arbitrator. In addition, attorneys’ codes of conduct have a proactive function to prevent biased arbi- trators. However, a lawyer who violates such rules is not automatically seen as biased ac- cording to 8 § SAA.

The child and the youth are the overall national properties. Constructing a safe growth and social environment is the first priority to safeguard its rights and interests. Our country in view of the child-youth rights' and interests' safeguard can be seen in the Criminal Law, the Civil Law, the Youth-Event Processing Law,the Child and Youth Sexual Transaction Prevention Act, and the Children and Youth Welfare Act . However, this article aims on ¡§the child-youth sex trade prevention regulations¡¨ in view of the country and ¡§the Children and Youth Welfare Act¡¨ relevant stipulation, examining the country in regard to promote the positive body-and-mind development of the child and the youth, safeguard its rights and interests, promote its welfare, fulfill the goal of ¡§child and youth¡¦s best interests¡¨, by using the family-care pattern compulsory devices, achieves by the protection placement mechanism's implementation method, therefore, to finally examine whether the goal and the methods used meet the proportional principle. This article examines and discusses the foundation of the child and the youth law standard, the legislative reasons and impetus process of child and the Child and Youth Sexual Transaction Prevention Act and the Children and Youth Welfare Act. It compares the relationships between the mechanism of child-and-youth placements and the proportional principle of these two regulations, and therefore, to propose the defects that our country has presented nowadays and provide suggestions and new directions for the government as a reference to emend the law and social workers to implement the child-youth protection placement in a better way in the future.

Abstract South China Sea depute is a complex issue in the world, because it involves the island's sovereignty, rich nature resources and strategic advantage in this area. The states which involve in South China Sea dispute are Taiwan, China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei as well as the United States and Japan. Why South China Sea depute is so complex? in addition to the strategic location, it¡¦s also the major shipping channel in the world. But the key reason is the potential wealth of oil and gas just be discovered, the neighbor countries started to covet the nature resource, and lead to competition for the sovereignty of South China Sea. Furthermore, 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, also produced another trend of maritime delimitation in this area. China believes that the sovereignty of the South China Sea belongs to it, based on historical or legal status. China shows its ambition and intention toward claiming sovereignty in the South China Sea because of its strategic needs, demands for resources needed for economic growth and development, that¡¦s why China is so persistence in reinforcing its sovereignty. China¡¦s current national consensus on the South China Sea is "shelving the disputes and seeking for common development". Sovereignty over the South China Sea is to shelve the case, in order to develop peaceful negotiations. But in the process of negotiation, some countries demonstrate the attitude of willingness to negotiate; and others are continuing to build military facilities in the South China Sea islands. This study is mainly focus on policy research for the South China Sea, and expects for experts and author himself giving us the following answers: First, we have to notice the Chinese sea interests, and observe how China deals with the South China Sea policy. Second, what are the views of the U.S. and Japan on the disputes. Third, this study will suggest How Taiwan can use China¡¦s strategy on South China sea to gain its national interest. Key words¡G South China Sea, Sovereignty dispute, National interests, Joint development

It is important to develop and assess student learning outcomes in order to determine whether academic department goals and standards are being reached. One aspect of this process involves alignment of learning outcomes with stakeholder criteria (expectations, beliefs) for assessment. The Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences at Texas A&M University has not previously developed a program assessment of student learning outcomes. However, a survey has been administered to undergraduate students enrolled in a mandatory class, Conservation and Management (WFSC 201). Among other questions, the survey asked students to provide information about their curriculum choice, agreement with value statements about wildlife and conservation issues, career interests, graduate school plans, and importance of issues related to wildlife and fisheries management and conservation. To evaluate alignment of student choice of curriculum with expectations and beliefs related to their choice of career, I tested the student responses to curriculum choice for relationships to responses to survey questions about career interests, gender, and graduate school plans for surveys administered in 2000 and 2008. For these same surveys, I also tested responses to value statements for relationships to responses for importance of issues, in addition to career interests, gender, and graduate school plans. Similar percentages (24%) of the total variation in curriculum choice and in agreement with value statements were explained: Career interests explained 18% of the variation related to curriculum choice and 8% of variation related to value statements. Year and gender combined explained only 2% of the variation in either dependent variable. Responses to important issues explained 11% of the variation in responses to value statements. Choice of curriculum was most strongly related to career interests and graduate school plans. Students who chose the teaching curriculum option were interested in careers in public school education and planned on attending graduate school. Students who chose curriculum options in aquaculture and fish ecology and management were interested in careers in aquaculture and as government fisheries biologists and conservation officers and planned on attending graduate school. Students who chose the curriculum options in wildlife ecology and management and other options were interested in a broad range of careers and were undecided about graduate school. Although importance of issues and career interests explained 19% of the variation in student agreement with value statements, this relationship was not statistically significant. Issues of greatest importance to females were endangered species, habitat destruction, water availability, loss of biodiversity, and water pollution. Females in 2000 tended to choose careers in public school education and as government wildlife biologists, and in 2008 chose careers in nature center education and as urban wildlife biologists. Issues of greatest importance to males were landowner rights to resources, such as high fences to enclose wildlife, access to rivers, water availability, and hunting of wildlife. Males in 2000 tended to choose careers as conservation officers, and in 2008 chose careers in ranch management, private consulting, and as government fish biologists and urban wildlife biologists. This data provides the Wildlife and Fisheries Department at Texas A&M University with information about its students and how they responded to curriculum options, career interests, value statements, and important issues.

Identifying the unique ways in which a project can add value to an owner’s organization is an essential part of project delivery. Every project has defined requirements, such as budget, schedule and engineering specifications that must be met; but there are other attributes of a project that are not always immediately evident; yet, when implemented, can add significant value. A delivered project that meets cost, schedule, engineering and operational requirements is not necessarily a project that provides the most value possible. To maximize the value of a project, it is first necessary to identify the ways in which it can add value. Only after that can an effective strategy be developed to exploit fully the value-adding potential of a project. However, because these value adding attributes, or value interests, are not always driven by operational or engineering requirements, they can be difficult to identify. Identification begins with understanding what aspect of a project drives the value interests. Since a single owner may engage in different types of projects and the value set of one may not be the value set of another, it is logical then to conclude it is characteristics of the project itself, not the owner, that drive the presence of value interest. It is this hypothesis, that project characteristics drive value interests, which is presented and validated in this thesis. The hypothesis is supported through the development of a mathematical model in which the parameter estimates show specific project characteristics are significant in explaining the importance of individual value interests to a project. The model was developed through binary logistic regression of industry survey data, and validated statistically and empirically. A sensitivity analysis showed the key cost- and schedule-related value interests are not significantly sensitive, and an examination of the parameter estimates showed realistic and common sense relationships are present. The methodology presented here shows that value interests are, indeed, driven by project characteristics. However, there is neither a single characteristic nor a standard set of characteristics that drive all value interests. Instead, each value interest has its own unique combination of driving characteristics.

In regard to ¡§The disputes of the South China Sea¡¨, Taiwan and China hold similar positions and advocacies. The complicity of the South China Sea sovereignty was mainly caused by the geopolitics of the East Asia region and the potential economic resources in the area. After the Cold War, the changing status of affairs in the Southeast Asia region and the arrangement of power from neighboring nations have made the dispute over the South China Sea a critical conflicting regional hot spot. America, China, Japan and other great powers have been very concerned about the conflicts of the region due to the potential vast amount of sea mineral resources and freedom of navigation of the international waters. At present, the common consensus of the claiming nations over the South China Sea dispute is to leave aside the dispute of sovereignty and jointly develop this region. However, under the so-called ¡§Peaceful¡¨ dialogue, most claming countries were building military facilities behind each other¡¦s back. Basically, the idea of ¡§Joint Development¡¨ was an excuse for the balance of power. The expectation of this thesis is to find the answers of the following functions. First, the status quo of the South China Sea and the sovereignty asserts from the claiming states, and the use of the resources and interests of the claiming states will be analyzed. Second, the true intention and reason of ASEAN helping the claiming states to solve the South China Sea dispute will be examined. Third, the evaluation of China¡¦s interests over South China Sea should be explored. Fourth, what are the views from the U.S. and Japan on the disputes. Finally, what strategy that Taiwan should adopt in order to depend the national interests.