Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY. / Bibliography: leaves 119-121. / by William O. Albertini. / M.S.

This thesis aims to illuminate how paediatricians in the United Kingdom (UK) make difficult medical decisions when treating severely disabled children with complex health conditions. In particular, it examines the part played, if any, by law, rights, and ethics in those decisions. After drawing on jurisprudence of the English and European Human Rights Court, together with existing scholarship, to analyse the doctors' decision making, this thesis adopts a legal consciousness theoretical approach. Using this it looks at how the paediatricians make sense of and conceptualise law when making these decisions. It examines how decisions are, by the paediatricians' own accounts, commonly made at present and what the paediatricians say about how they and their colleagues make such decisions. This thesis addresses the following research questions: i) Which decisions do UK paediatricians find particularly difficult when working with disabled children and what makes those decisions particularly difficult? ii) What factors do UK paediatricians take into consideration when making difficult decisions for disabled children and what weight do they put on those factors? iii) What formal education in law, rights, and ethics have the doctors received and to what extent, if any, can we discern how this education impacts on their difficult decisions for disabled children? iv) How do UK paediatricians construct and understand the law, rights, and ethics when making their difficult decisions? This thesis makes an original contribution, being the first in-depth socio-legal study examining UK paediatricians' medical decision-making for severely disabled children, by identifying two distinct styles paediatricians adopt when approaching best interest decisions, and by recommending a new category of legal consciousness. It concludes by recommending research and changes both in doctors' training and approach to best interest decision-making to address the current challenges paediatricians describe facing when deciding for severely disabled children.

Review of Women ’s Nonfiction : A Guide to Reading Interests. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited (an imprint of ABCCLIO), 2009. 442p. $55.00, ISBN 978-1591586586.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the needs of San Juan County, Utah , in regard to an overall program of vocational education including ancillary services and new facilities for an area vocational center. Literature was reviewed concerning the need for vocational education, recent developments and trends in vocational programs, and other refinements in educational theory which influence instruction . Several groups of people were surveyed to determine the needs and interests of area residents with special attention given toward the Navajo Indian population. The overall program which was developed incorporates aspects of the career education theme as it relates to vocational awareness and exploration. Suggestions are made regarding ancillary services such as counseling , inservice training, advisory committees, and promotion. Part II of the study is the educational specifications for a new building to house the vocational program which was developed . Facilities for programs in mobile units are also included.

Sports in Sweden has become increasingly commercialized in order to compete with other associations and are thereby in need of capital. Companies often have the capital that the sport clubs are in need of and can through using the sports as a platform reach out to new or broader target groups. The purpose of this study is to see what the companies main interests are in sponsorship cooperation and whether there are tensions that lead to conflicts of interest. Our empirical material was collected using semi-structured interviews with six different respondents. We interviewed three different sports clubs and three corporations that are sponsoring these sports clubs. We have also used two descriptive theories, new institutional theory and the actor perspectivethat will help us understand what interest and tensions may possibly arise in a sponsorship collaboration between a company and sports clubs. The result we found showed that the sport clubs youth section was a major motivational factor for companies to sponsor sport clubs. Through them, they can reach a large target group of people and in this way strengthened their brand. The level of commitment regarding the sport clubs societal involvement are crucial for companies when considering sponsorship, it creates legitimacy for the companies and a better platform to strengthen their brand. The greatest interest of the sport clubs is to increase the quality of youth activities. The conclusions drawn are that the sport clubs must develop their knowledge about how they can communicate with the companies in order to strengthen their position in negotiations. If they can connect their business to the sustainability goals many companies need to achieve, they have come a long way. Those tensions that exist in contractnegotiations, managing of where the capital is being placed and how negative publicity amongst the companies or the sport club are handled to avoid leading to conflict, they should communicate and follow the agreement that has been written. However, the position of power can easily shift during critical times, which in turn affects the actors position in negotiations.

This thesis takes as its basic premise the need for more democratic educational structures and practices. By examining the restructuring of public secondary schooling provisions in New South Wales in the period after 1950 it argues that public schools in Australia are not democratic institutions. Rather than being democratic institutions public schools, it is maintained, reflect the private interests of members of so-called "professional and professionalizing groups", or, more precisely, of those with assets in credentials or assets in organization employed within monopoly capitalist enterprises and state enterprises. The employment domain of these groups is characterized by bureaucratic forms of control. The private interests of these groups are class interests in that they pertain to the maintenance of the material interests of those with assets in credentials and assets in organization through the monopoly of special knowledge and skills and reflect the class structure of a society in which monopoly capitalism has become the dominant economic, and, therefore, political and ideological, force. As the above outline suggests, in attempting to address the question of inequality in secondary schooling, marxist theories and categories, most notably those pertaining to class formation and class struggle, are drawn upon. In addition, the thesis maintains that the private interests of those with assets in credentials or assets in organization are "naturalized" in and through the ideology of individualism and of meritocracy. By examining the actual way in which the labour force was being restructured in the post-war period the thesis provides one avenue of critique of these constructions and attempts to demonstrate the limits of equality of opportunity in a class-based society.

Until 1980 in Australia, occupational superannuation had played only a peripheral role in securing retirement savings for the workforce at large with less than 40% of all employees at this time receiving superannuation benefits. By the time the twenty-first century began, however, 91% of all Australian employees and 81% of all workers were covered by superannuation, and, by 2007, total superannuation assets had reached $1.2 trillion with superannuation fund balances the largest financial asset held by households. This substantial growth in superannuation coverage did not occur as a result of free market forces operating between producers and consumers in the superannuation industry. Rather, this increase was found to be directly related to the level of intervention in the industry by both the Labor and Coalition Governments throughout the last three decades. / The rationale provided by these Governments highlighted the public interest necessity of ensuring that there was an adequate coverage, level and rate of growth of retirement savings. Criticisms of this rationale have, however, continued to grow unabated. These concerns focus on the failure of the regulatory regime changes introduced to actually achieve their public-interest rationales in terms of improving Australia’s national savings rates or to produce effective governance mechanisms to protect the security of the worker-owned trillion-dollar asset pool now under investment. / The primary objective of this thesis was to investigate these opposing claims (within the framework of the public interest and private interest theories of regulation), via the combination of a detailed literature review and a statistical analysis which utilised factor analysis, and logistic and multiple regression modelling techniques. / This combined analysis suggested three primary conclusions: / (1) the origins of the regulatory regime change process needed to be considered as a political game with the simultaneously experienced detriments of key interest groups resulting in a groundswell of pro-regulatory reform activity which sought to obtain relief from “suffering”. The private interest prediction that governments/politicians in electoral democracies were concerned about finding a support coalition to promote their re-election chances was, therefore, confirmed; / (2) in comparison, there was less than convincing evidence to support the public interest claims of bothgovernments in relation to the origins of the regime change process; and / (3) as opposed to these origins-related findings, the regulatory impact story analysis of the review period confirmed that the primary “winner” of the regulatory regime changes was the fund manager group in general and the large, incumbent, life office entities in particular with statistically significant improvements in fund manager “detriments” (e.g. in terms of the total superannuation assets held within the statutory funds of life offices variable). While the government/politicians group was also a “winner” given the significant increases in the “bureaucratic empire building” variable, it was a significant “loser” in terms of the downturn in the public interest variables of household savings rates, net personal savings rates and voluntary superannuation contributions. The ACTU, the employers and workers in general were also all “losers” in that: union membership rates were characterised by downturns; employers do not appear to have been able to “offset” increased occupational superannuation benefits with reductions in wages and/or employment levels; and there was no significant improvement in either of the fund member indicators (i.e. in terms of the fund member welfare index or their real rate of returns). Thus, the private interest prediction that, in terms of regulatory impacts/outcomes, there would be significant wealth transfers away from fund members primarily to the fund managers was confirmed. / These findings raise implications for the ongoing development of regulation in this area which will need further consideration. For example, is it likely that future, private interest-based regulatory changes will be imposed on the occupational superannuation industry which will lead to further detriments to fund members and increasing wealth transfers to the fund managers? Alternatively, is it likely that, at some point, a regulatory backlash will occur which could lead to more public interest outcomes? Or, is it possible that the interest groups studied might “mutate” or change to adapt to future circumstances which could then, in some future period, change the “winning” and “losing” profiles highlighted in this research? Also of interest is whether these findings, which were performed within a relatively unique set of political circumstances, are robust to alternative settings or time periods? These issues are ideal topics for future research projects.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1980. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 302-305). Also available in print.

<p>The aim of this paper is to see if Sweden has implemented the recommendations and taken notice of the guidelines for employment that the Commission and Council set up every year and from this see the role of the Commission and Council for the national employment politics. The years that I focused on in the paper are year 2000- 2004. The method that is used is a case study research that is exploratory and explanatory. The theoretical starting points are theories about delegation, cooperation and a variation of control and autonomy. This is recognized in the Principal- Agent theory and the Principal- Supervisor-Agent model. The Council and the Commission give recommendations and guidelines every year to the member states that points out what should be done for the employment. The member states can choose to implement the recommendations and guidelines or not. In other words is it not mandatory. The result of the paper is that Sweden has implemented and taken notice of to the recommendations and guidelines that the Council and the Commission gave to Sweden during year 2000- 2004, yet I argue that there have been differences to which extend the implementation has taken place.</p>

Thesis (M. Ed.(Educational psychology))-University of Pretoria, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.