Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.P.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves i-v). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania. / Published without thesis note. Bibliography: p. 105-108.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004. / UMI no. 3156225 - authorized facsimile from the master copy of the original, available from ProQuest/UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, MI. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2004. / Advisor: Mark Sproule-Jones. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 237-250). Also available online.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Economics, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

The exercise of federal and/or state power is inherent to policymaking. The principal-agent theory, borrowed from economics, describes the difficulties in motivating one party (agent) to act in the best interests of the other party (principal). The theory provides insights into the roles of self-interested choice, information asymmetry, and sense making in political relationships. The extent to which the state understands the inherent challenges expressed in this dynamic and is responsive to the local school district’s specific circumstances is not well understood and thus presents an opportunity for research. This mixed methods study uses a confirmatory approach to analyze Oregon’s 40-40-20 education reform legislation and the state’s ability to operationalize education reform through the principal-agent framework, focusing on the implementation of full-day kindergarten legislation.

No description available.

Putin's military forces invaded Ukraine on February 24, 2022, sparking a renewed academic interest in Russia's current regime. Several scholars suggested that a critical period in the construction of the current regime occurred between 1999-2013 during Putin's first two presidencies followed by the Medvedev presidency. This is when the basic institutions of the current Russian political system were changed to recentralize state authority and prevent Russian Federation from looming disintegration. One such institution was the budgetary process. Signed into law in 1998, Russian Budget Code established how funds were disbursed from the "center" to the federal "subjects" and other entities. Many scholars have pointed out that one specific mechanism, namely "Intergovernmental Transfers", can be used to achieve the political goals of a regime by rewarding supporters, swinging the competitive electoral districts, or appeasing the opposition or separatist regions. The goal of this dissertation to investigate under what conditions a non-democratic regime, like Russia, uses these strategies for political effect? Do those strategies change over time? In this work, I develop a basic theoretical framework outlining such conditions and test it using the municipal-level data gathered from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service and Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation.