In 2012, the first state lottery began to sell its product over the internet. The additional digital delivery method represents a new era for a product that has been in the market for over three decades. Permitting a potentially competing delivery method for the same product presents an opportunity to examine the impact internet lottery sales have on traditional lottery sales. The thesis builds on work that explored what motivates policy makers to approve innovative policy solutions, such as a new internet delivery method for lottery sales, and how that decision impacts the overall viability of the existing product. By analyzing sales, profits, and growth rates, I sought to determine if market cannibalization or revenue displacement occurred when the new delivery method was added. My findings show that state lotteries experienced sales growth prior to internet sales. Prior to internet sales, only one state experienced flat gross domestic product growth in the year preceding internet sales, while the five others analyzed experienced declining GDP growth. This suggests that poor economic indicators may have led decision makes to approve a new policy for a product that otherwise was growing to address fiscal stress. After internet sales were introduced, profits and in-person lottery sales at retail locations were higher than before internet sales. Total lottery sales grew in all states that permitted internet sales; however, not all states saw sales growth grow as fast as before internet sales. This suggests that internet lottery sales have a positive impact but might dilute what could have been higher sales growth rates. / Master of Arts / Lotteries date back to ancient times. They originated out of necessity for the primary reason we use them today - leaders need money to fund public works and programs. Often, voluntary taxes like lotteries are a more politically effective way to raise funds than mandatory taxes. Modern lotteries in the United States reemerged as a legitimate state funding source in the mid-1960s. In 2020, 45 states had lotteries. My findings show lotteries continue to see growth in sales, many to benefit public education. Yet some seek to innovate the method of delivery by allowing lottery purchases over the internet. When this is permitted, how does the ability to purchase lottery over the internet impact traditional lottery sales at retail store locations? This thesis analyzed sales data from the six states that permit internet sales to show that internet sales increased lottery profits, retail sales, and total sales. However, after implementing internet sales, two of the four states with at least three years of internet sales experienced sales growth that was slower than before internet sales were permitted. This may mean some revenue displacement occured when the additional delivery method was implemented. It is rational for lotteries to want to increase sales and respond to rising customer demands in this digital age. However, legislators who may be interested in growing lottery sales as a way to combat other fiscal stress should consider whether any cannibalization may occur by permitting additional lottery delivery methods.

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This master´s thesis describes creation of model and methodic for functional diagram of electronic data transfer for exchange of information for internet sales of tourism. One part of this master´s thesis analyses current situation and defines its problems. This analyses leads into suggestion how to create model for functional electronic data transfer diagram in tourism.

El presente trabajo de grado desarrolla el plan de negocios para implementar una plataforma intermediaria de venta de productos novedosos. Esta plataforma online se dedicará a la intermediación de obsequios ofreciendo factores diferenciales, con el objetivo de cautivar a los clientes con un producto innovador. Nuestra empresa ofrece un catálogo amplio de posibilidades para que uno pueda escoger el regalo adecuado para la persona especial. Regalos novedosos que calzan con los gustos, personalidades y, sobre todo, podemos afirmar, que la originalidad y creatividad harán sentir especial a la persona. Gifty es una plataforma virtual que se abre paso dentro los Market places del momento para ofrecer un espacio de fácil acceso para emprendedores que tienen como objetivo ampliar su margen de venta y dar a conocer sus productos originales en el rubro de los regalos novedosos. Gifty necesita una inversión total de S/ 45,477.00 soles de los cuales, el 30% será mediante financiamiento y un 70% será mediante aporte de accionistas por S/ 31,834.00 los cuales serán repartidos en partes iguales. Se ha determinado que es un proyecto escalable en el tiempo, con un riesgo bajo y con un COK de 14.34% / The present degree work develops the business plan to implement an intermediary platform for the sale of new products. This online platform will be dedicated to the intermediation of gifts offering differential factors, with the aim of captivating customers with an innovative product. Our company offers a wide catalog of possibilities so that one can choose the right gift for the special person. Novel gifts that fit the tastes, personalities and, above all, we can affirm that originality and creativity will make the person feel special. Gifty is a virtual platform that makes its way into the Market places of the moment to offer an easily accessible space for entrepreneurs who aim to expand their sales margin and present their original products in the area of novelty gifts. Gifty needs a total investment of S / 45,477.00 soles, of which 30% will be through financing and 70% will be through the contribution of shareholders for S / 31,834.00, which will be distributed in equal parts. It has been determined that it is a project scalable in time, with a low risk and with a COK of 14.34% / Trabajo de investigación

El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo explicar como la mayor presencia de los canales propios de venta por internet generan un impacto financiero en las empresas del sector retail en Lima Metropolitana, considerando que el país viene experimentando en los últimos años un impacto global producto de los grandes avances tecnológicos en el comercio electrónico. Asimismo, consideramos al impacto financiero como un resultado del impacto económico en las ventas, costos, gastos y resultados de las empresas del sector retail por la presencia de canales propios de ventas por internet, puesto que un incremento en las ventas y la optimización de costos y gastos, generarán mejores resultados que finalmente contribuirán a obtener un mayor excedente disponible para las empresas. Además, también se identificarán otras ventajas como: fidelización de clientes y la permanencia de las empresas bajo el principio de negocio en marcha que representarán en un primer momento ventajas económicas, pero que finalmente tendrá un impacto en la gestión financiera. Posterior a eso, se ha detallado el método de investigación para el desarrollo de este, del cual hemos optado por realizar entrevistas y encuestas a los especialistas respectivos para poder recolectar los datos necesarios. Además, se ha realizado un caso práctico con cifras reales, en el cual se explica detalladamente como es que se refleja el impacto financiero en dicha empresa, de manera que se pueda entender cuáles son los resultados de implementar un canal propio de venta por internet en una Compañía. Por último, se ha validado las hipótesis presentadas en este proyecto de investigación mediante el uso de herramientas estadísticas, las mismas que nos han aportado conocimiento para la realización de las conclusiones y recomendaciones obtenidas de la investigación realizada. / The purpose of this research project is to explain how the greater presence of the Internet's own sales channels in a financial exchange in companies in the retail sector in Metropolitan Lima, the country has been experiencing in recent years a global product impact of large technological advances in electronic commerce. Likewise, we consider the financial impact as a result of the economic impact on sales, costs, expenses and results of companies in the retail sector due to the presence of their own internet sales channels, since an increase in sales and cost optimization and expenses, generating better results that will ultimately contribute to obtaining a greater surplus available to companies. In addition, other advantages will also be identified such as: customer loyalty and the permanence of companies under the principle of ongoing business, which will initially represent economic advantages, but will ultimately have an impact on financial management. After that, the research method for its development has been detailed, from which we have chosen to carry out interviews and surveys with specific specialists in order to collect the necessary data. In addition, a practical case has been carried out with real figures, in which it is specifically explained how the financial impact in said company is reflected, so that it can be understood what the results are of implementing an own internet sales channel in a company. Finally, the hypotheses presented in this research project have been validated through the use of statistical tools, which have provided us with knowledge to carry out the conclusions and recommendations obtained from the research carried out. / Tesis

This Master´s thesis deals with the business plan for establishment of a corporation TOP Baits. It is in the business of manufacturing and selling baits for carp fishing. The thesis is divided into several chapters are devoted to theoretical knowledge ofbusiness analysis, general and business environment and its own proposals for solutions.

The thesis aims to find the market value of Alfa Ltd. on the date 1st January 2011. The company specializes in Internet sales of underwear and nightwear. The thesis is divided into several integrated parts. The first part presents the development of Internet and online stores. Another part is divided into the successive steps leading to the valuation of the company: financial analysis, strategic analysis, the values of the generators, financial plan and the final valuation. You can see the interval valuation in the thesis. For the interval final valuation is used the method DCF Equity (method of free cash flow for the owners discounted by cost of equity).