ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada / The integrated Network Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) program has developed standards for network-based telemetry systems, which implementers and range users of Telemetry Network System (TmNS) equipment can use to promote interoperability between components. While standards promote interoperability, only implementation of the standards can ensure it. This paper discusses the tools that are being developed by the iNET program which implement the technologies and protocols specified in the iNET standards in order to ensure interoperability between TmNS components and provide a general framework for device development. Capabilities provided by the tools include system management, TmNS message processing, metadata processing, and time synchronization.

Standards may be argued to be important enablers for achieving interoperability as they aim to provide unambiguous specifications for error-free exchange of documents and information. By implication, therefore, it is important to model and represent the concept of a standard in a clear, precise and unambiguous way. Although standards development organisations usually provide guidelines for the process of developing and approving standards, they are usually more concerned with administrative aspect of the process. As a consequence, the state-of-the-art lacks practical support for developing the structure and content of a standard specification. In short, there is no systematic development method currently available: (a) For developing the conceptual model underpinning a standard; and/or (b) to guide a group of stakeholders to develop a standard specification. Semantic interoperability is considered to be an essential factor for effective interoperation – the ability to achieve semantic interoperability effectively and efficiently being strongly equated with quality by some. Semantics require that the meaning of terms, their relationships and also the restrictions and rules in the standards should be clearly defined in the early stages of standard development and act as a basis for the latter stages. This research proposes that ontology can help standards developers and stakeholders to address the issues of improving conceptual models and providing a robust and shared understanding of the domain. This thesis presents OntoStanD, a comprehensive ontology-based standards development methodology, which utilises the best practices of the existing ontology creation methods. The potential value of OntoStanD is in providing a comprehensive, clear and unambiguous method for developing robust information standards, which are more test friendly and of higher quality. OntoStanD also facilitates standards conformance testing and change management, impacts interoperability and also assists in improved communication among the standards development team. Last, OntoStanD provides an approach that is repeatable, teachable and potentially general enough for creating any kinds of information standard.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / Terms like efficiency, quick response, and interoperability are becoming the bywords of the test and evaluation (T&E) community as the Defense Department tightens its corporate belt [1]. These changes mark the end of an era of manual processes and duplication of effort and the beginning of an era of cooperation, standards, and Total Quality Management (TQM). Managing the huge volume of telemetry information required to support flight test at the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC) has required new paradigms and system development strategies. These new ideas have resulted in the Aircraft Information Management System (AIMS), a system designed to meet the challenges of a new era in T&E. This paper discusses the AIMS design and function as background for the deeper issue of effective, efficient management of telemetry setup information. The information history model used in AIMS is presented and discussed. In the process of developing standards for the AIMS a methodology was discovered and successfully implemented for resolving information management issues in the framework of system development.

An interoperability gap exists between Learning Management Systems (LMSs) and Learning Object Repositories (LORs). Learning Objects (LOs) and the associated Learning Object Metadata (LOM) that is stored within LORs adhere to a variety of LOM standards. A common LOM standard found in LORs is the Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) Content Aggregation Model (CAM). In contrast, LMSs are independent computer systems that manage and deliver course content to students via a web interface. This research addressed three important issues related to the interoperability gap: (a) a lack of a metadata standard that defined the format of how student assessment data should be communicated from LMSs to LORs, (b) a lack of an architectural standard for the movement of data from LMSs to LORs, and (c) a lack of middleware that facilitated the movement of the student assessment data from the LMSs to LORs. This research achieved the following objectives: (a) the SCORM CAM LOM standard was extended to facilitate the storage of student assessment data, (b) Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) was identified as the best architecture to resolve the interoperability gap between LMSs and LORs, (c) a panel of Computer Information Systems (CIS) experts participated in a five-stage, web-based, anonymous Delphi process that approved and ranked 28 functional requirements for a proposed middleware application, and (d) the functional requirements were verified via the development of a prototype that transferred student assessment data from a LMSs into the LOM of LOs that are stored within a LOR. In conclusion, the research demonstrated that there are three acceptable approaches to extending the SCORM LOM standard: (a) new metadata elements, (b) new vocabulary values, and (c) the reference of an internal or external XML file using a location element. The main accomplishments of the research were the gathering of SOA functional requirements and the development of a prototype that provided an approach for the resolution of the interoperability gap that exists between LMSs and LORs.

This diploma thesis "Principles of Equalizing the Tractions-engines Power Output of Foreign Provider of Railway Services" aims to delineate how inequalities in power output emerge and how they are later equalized by provider of railway services. This is one of the crucial topics for operating and putting together international trains. The theoretical basis is then used in the applied part of this thesis to describe and evaluate tractions-engines power output of selected foreign provider of railway services on Czech railway network. For better description there is also a balance of tractions-engines of power output enclose at the end of this thesis to illustrate the position of Czech Railways abroad. The analysis made in the applied part put stress on differentiating the long distance transport from cross-border international transport of passengers. Furthermore, this thesis deals with the implementation of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) in the connection with compatibility of the Czech railway network to neighbouring rail networks with emphasis on train safety appliances and the project European Train Control System (ETCS).

Le développement de la recharge sans contact de batteries comporte divers avantages pour les véhicules électriques. Cette solution est facile à utiliser, robuste et résistante aux intempéries par rapport aux câbles généralement utilisés. Le principe est basé sur le couplage magnétique entre un émetteur et un récepteur. L'objectif de cette thèse est de contribuer à proposer une norme pour permettre l’interopérabilité, c’est-à-dire, permettre à plusieurs émetteurs de fonctionner avec des récepteurs de différents fournisseurs. Comme le système doit aussi être tolérant au positionnement et doit respecter les recommandations concernant l’exposition humaine, de nombreuses configurations doivent être envisagées. Dans cette thèse, une modélisation avancée et fiable du système complet est proposée. La méthode des éléments finis est exploitée pour déterminer les caractéristiques électriques du coupleur inductif (inductances propres et mutuelles, facteur de couplage) dans différentes configurations de positionnement et d’interopérabilité. Ces valeurs permettent le dimensionnement du convertisseur à résonance. A ce stade différentes topologies de compensation sont considérées. Un modèle analytique au premier harmonique est mis en œuvre pour comparer les topologies et déterminer la fréquence de résonance globale du système. Un modèle circuit du système complet est ensuite développé pour évaluer précisément les courants et tensions. Enfin, un algorithme de régulation basé sur une méthode MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) est évalué pour le réglage automatique de fréquence. A partir des courants calculés à la fréquence de résonance pour un point de fonctionnement nominal et grâce au modèle éléments finis incluant le châssis du véhicule le champ magnétique rayonné est calculé et comparé aux valeurs limites recommandées. A chaque étape de la modélisation, la sensibilité du système aux paramètres de configuration (positionnement, interopérabilité) est analysée. Des mesures effectuées au niveau du coupleur inductif et sur le système complet sont aussi utilisées dans l’analyse et permettent de valider le modèle / Development of contactless battery charging is an opportunity for electric vehicles. Compared to regular plugin cables, this solution is easy to use, robust and weather resistant. The power is transferred thanks to the magnetic coupling of inductive coils and a reduced magnetic circuit. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to propose a standard that would make possible to couple emitters with receivers from different suppliers, that is, to insure interoperability. As the system should also be tolerant to positioning and should respect human exposure recommendations, many configurations must be tested. In this thesis, an advanced and reliable modeling of the whole system is proposed. Using the finite element methods, the electrical characteristics (self, mutual inductances and coupling factor) of the inductive coupler are computed for different geometric and interoperability configurations. These values allow the dimensioning of the resonant converter. At this stage, different compensation topologies are considered. It is shown that the global resonant frequency can be derived and the topologies compared from a classical first harmonic approximation and analytical model. Then, a circuit model of the full system is developed in order to evaluate precisely the currents and voltages. Finally, the performance of a Maximum Power Point Tracking as frequency regulation algorithm is evaluated. From the currents computed at resonant frequency for the nominal operating point and the finite element model of the coupler, including the chassis of the vehicle, the radiated magnetic field is evaluated in order to check safety compliance. At each step of the modeling, the sensitivity of the system to the configuration parameters (positioning, interoperability) is analyzed. Measurements at the coupler level and for the full system are also used in this analysis and allow validating the model

Foi demonstrada a viabilidade de utilização da biblioteca GDAL/OGR, por meio do seu emprego em processos de conversão sintática entre formatos de dados matriciais e vetoriais controlados, amplamente utilizados nas práticas profissional e de pesquisa em Geografia, Cartografia e Geoprocessamento. Os dados convertidos e processados foram analisados comparativamente em seus parâmetros geométricos, topológicos, alfanuméricos e de referência espacial, de modo a identificar se existiram perdas ou manutenção de informações nesses indicadores. No caso da existência de perdas, foram empregados recursos disponíveis na biblioteca para ajustes nos parâmetros indicados, de modo a tentar retornar ao conteúdo de dados dos arquivos originais. Finalmente, foi apresentada uma metodologia para a superação de desafios de integração de dados geoespaciais em SIG, por meio do emprego de sistemas de uso livre no campo do Geoprocessamento. / It was demonstrated the feasibility of using the GDAL / OGR library, through its usage in syntax conversion processes between raster and vector controlled data formats, widely used in professional practice and research in Geography, Cartography and Geomatics. The translated data were processed and analyzed comparatively in its geometrical, topological, alphanumeric and spatial reference parameters in order to determine if there were any loss or maintenance information on such indicators. In the case of losses, library resources were used into the indicated parameters in order to try to return to the original data files content. Finally, we presented a methodology for overcoming geospatial data integration challenges in GIS, through the use of free softwares in the field.

A televisão nos dias atuais tem sofrido inúmeras inovações tecnológicas nos campos das transmissões multimídia, qualidade audio-visual e diversidade de funcionalidades. Entretanto, esta essencialmente mantêm sua característica de fornecer informações de forma quase que instantânea à população. O ambiente atual da televisão digital é caracterizado pela coexistência de inúmeros dispositivos capazes de oferecerem uma experiência televisa, associando-se computadores pessoais, smartphones, tablets e outros eletrônicos de consumo. Ainda, pode se incluir a este cenário a disponibilidade de inúmeras redes de transporte de dados tais como a radiodifusão, satélite, cabo e redes em banda larga. Este cenário diversificado, em termos de dispositivos e redes, é denominado de cenário de televisão digital híbrida, a qual destaca-se a interação do expectador com os diversos dispositivos. Estes cenários, por sua vez, motivam o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que permitem o aperfeiçoamento da pervasividade e dos meios pelos os quais os aplicativos possam ser suportados em diferentes plataformas. Este trabalho propõe ambientes interoperáveis envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e outros eletrônicos de consumo, aos quais foram realizados estudos e experimentos para se observar diferentes técnicas de sincronização e comunicação entre plataformas de interatividade para a televisão digital híbrida. Os resultados apontam para a possibilidade de cenários interoperáveis envolvendo o uso de marcadores e também recursos de redes e serviços TCP/IP, levando em consideração a eficiência e eficácia nos diferentes métodos. Conclui-se que os resultados odem motivar o desenvolvimento de cenários diferenciados envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e dispositivos de segunda tela, o que incrementa a interatividade e as formas de entretenimento. / The television is nowadays under a wide number of technological innovations in the fields of multimedia broadcasts, audio-visual quality and diversity of features. However, TVs essentially retain their characteristic to provide information almost instantly to the population. The current environment of digital television is characterized by the coexistence of numerous gadgats capable of providing a experience aggregating personal computers, smartphones, tablets and other consumer electronics. Thereafter, you can include this scenario the availability of numerous data transmission such as broadcasting, satellite, cable and broadband networks. This scenario in terms of devices and networks, is called hybrid digital television, which highlights the interaction of the viewer with the various devices. By the way, these scenarios motivate the development of technologies which allow the improvement of the pervasiveness and ways that applications can be supported by different platforms. This work proposes interoperable environments involving interactive digital TV and other consumer electronics, which were carried out studies and experiments to observe different synchronization techniques and communication between interactive platforms for hybrid digital television. The results pointed out to the possibility of interoperable scenarios involving the use of tags and also network resources and services such as TCP/IP, taking into account the efficiency and effectiveness of the different methods. The results could lead the development of different scenarios involving interactive digital TV and second screen devices, which increases the interactivity and forms of entertainment.

A televisão nos dias atuais tem sofrido inúmeras inovações tecnológicas nos campos das transmissões multimídia, qualidade audio-visual e diversidade de funcionalidades. Entretanto, esta essencialmente mantêm sua característica de fornecer informações de forma quase que instantânea à população. O ambiente atual da televisão digital é caracterizado pela coexistência de inúmeros dispositivos capazes de oferecerem uma experiência televisa, associando-se computadores pessoais, smartphones, tablets e outros eletrônicos de consumo. Ainda, pode se incluir a este cenário a disponibilidade de inúmeras redes de transporte de dados tais como a radiodifusão, satélite, cabo e redes em banda larga. Este cenário diversificado, em termos de dispositivos e redes, é denominado de cenário de televisão digital híbrida, a qual destaca-se a interação do expectador com os diversos dispositivos. Estes cenários, por sua vez, motivam o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que permitem o aperfeiçoamento da pervasividade e dos meios pelos os quais os aplicativos possam ser suportados em diferentes plataformas. Este trabalho propõe ambientes interoperáveis envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e outros eletrônicos de consumo, aos quais foram realizados estudos e experimentos para se observar diferentes técnicas de sincronização e comunicação entre plataformas de interatividade para a televisão digital híbrida. Os resultados apontam para a possibilidade de cenários interoperáveis envolvendo o uso de marcadores e também recursos de redes e serviços TCP/IP, levando em consideração a eficiência e eficácia nos diferentes métodos. Conclui-se que os resultados odem motivar o desenvolvimento de cenários diferenciados envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e dispositivos de segunda tela, o que incrementa a interatividade e as formas de entretenimento. / The television is nowadays under a wide number of technological innovations in the fields of multimedia broadcasts, audio-visual quality and diversity of features. However, TVs essentially retain their characteristic to provide information almost instantly to the population. The current environment of digital television is characterized by the coexistence of numerous gadgats capable of providing a experience aggregating personal computers, smartphones, tablets and other consumer electronics. Thereafter, you can include this scenario the availability of numerous data transmission such as broadcasting, satellite, cable and broadband networks. This scenario in terms of devices and networks, is called hybrid digital television, which highlights the interaction of the viewer with the various devices. By the way, these scenarios motivate the development of technologies which allow the improvement of the pervasiveness and ways that applications can be supported by different platforms. This work proposes interoperable environments involving interactive digital TV and other consumer electronics, which were carried out studies and experiments to observe different synchronization techniques and communication between interactive platforms for hybrid digital television. The results pointed out to the possibility of interoperable scenarios involving the use of tags and also network resources and services such as TCP/IP, taking into account the efficiency and effectiveness of the different methods. The results could lead the development of different scenarios involving interactive digital TV and second screen devices, which increases the interactivity and forms of entertainment.

<p>Uppsatsen behandlar den flygtaktiska stabens anpassning till CJTF konceptet i samband med förändringen av Försvarsmaktens högkvarter 2007. Erfarenheter visar att förändring av en komplex offentlig organisation till struktur och arbetssätt tar lång tid och att strukturen är enklare att förändra än arbetssätt. Utifrån erfarenheterna om det svåra att förändra arbetssätten har en hypotes formulerats för att undersöka om den flygtaktiska staben endast förändrats till struktur. Syftet med undersökningen är att pröva hypotesen utifrån ett teoretiskt perspektiv på organisationsförändring, ett instrumentellt perspektiv. Förhoppningen är att kunna bidra med kunskap inför framtida förändringar. Resultatet bekräftar erfarenheterna om svårigheten med att förändra arbetssätt. Dessutom visar resultatet att en av anledningarna till svårigheterna kan förklaras med att tiden till förberedelser ofta inte är tillräckliga.</p> / <p>This study performs a theoretical analysis of the Air Component Command’s adaption with the CJTF-concept during an organizational change of the Swedish Armed Forces Headquarters in 2007. Common experiences show that organizational changes of complex governmental organizations are difficult to perform because changes of structure and methods often take a long time.  It also shows that structure is easier to change than method. Based on these common experiences especially regarding the difficulty in changing methods a hypothesis has been formed to support the study about whether the ACC´s adaption only is done by structural means. The purpose with this study is to test the hypothesis from one theoretical perspective of organizational changes, the instrumental perspective. The result will hopefully contribute with knowledge on the eve of future organizational changes. The conclusion of this study confirms experiences about the difficulty in organizational changes, especially regarding methods. It also shows that one of the most obvious reasons seems to be the lack of available time for preparation.</p>