A mere 16 percent of the population enjoys the benefits of private healthcare; medical schemes however remain an important contributor to the South African economy with an annual contribution flow of close to R85 billion per annum. Similar to the international scenario, South African healthcare inflation surpassed consumer price inflation. In addition, the medical schemes industry remains riddled with fraud, this coupled with escalating private healthcare costs remain subsequent threats to the sustainability of the industry. It is reported that service provider fraud has surpassed fraud committed by scheme members. Most medical schemes appear to have policies in place to manage and combat fraud, however transparency in terms of information sharing remains elusive. Of greater concern have been the investigation and management ethicality and endgame of medical schemes in terms of fraud risk management amongst medical practitioners. The research problem states that there is currently no standard fraud investigation and management protocol available for the ethical investigation and management of medical schemes fraud committed by medical practitioners. The literature review demonstrated that there has been a paradigm shift regarding the expectations that society has of the modern corporation and emphasised the inclusive stakeholder model theory in favour of the traditional shareholder dictum: pursuit of profit maximisation at any cost. The research design was done by providing a survey questionnaire to private medical practitioners. The literature review and survey findings highlighted the need for medical schemes to pay greater heed to their ethicality and stakeholder issue management practices. Focus areas for the development of an industry standard fraud investigation and management protocol was recommended.

D.Phil.(Computer Science) / We are living in an increasingly complex world in which much of society is dependent on technology and its various offshoots and incarnations (Rogers & Siegfried, 2004). There is ample evidence of the influence of technology on our daily lives. We communicate via e-mail, use chat groups to interact and conduct business by using e-commerce. People relate each other’s existence to a presence on Facebook. The convergence of the products, systems and services of information technology is changing the way of living. The latest smart and cell phones have cameras, applications, and access to social networking sites. These phones contain sensitive information, for example photographs, e-mail, spread sheets, documents, and presentations. The loss of a cell phone therefore may pose a serious problem to an individual or an organisation, when considering privacy and intellectual property issues from an information security (Info Sec) perspective (Pieterse, 2006). Organisations have accepted the protection of information and information assets as a fundamental business requirement and managers are therefore implementing an increasing number of security counter measures, such as security policies, intrusion detection systems, access control mechanisms, and anti-virus products to protect the information and information assets from potential threats. However, incidents still occur, as no system is 100% secure. The incidents must be investigated to determine their root cause and potentially to prosecute the perpetrators (Louwrens, von Solms, Reeckie & Grobler, 2006b). Humankind has long been interested in the connection between cause and event, wishing to know what happened, what went wrong and why it happened. The need for computer forensics emerged when an increasing number of crimes were committed with the use of computers and the evidence required was stored on the computer. In 1984, a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) laboratory began to examine computer evidence (Barayumureeba & Tushabe, 2004), and in 1991 the international association of computer investigation specialists (IACIS) in Portland, Oregon coined the term ‘computer forensics’ during a training session.

No description available.

Methodology of rape investigation Abstract This diploma thesis called Methodology of rape investigation aims to present a multidisciplinary analysis of selected aspects of rape. The secondary goal is to identify the specific problems accompanying this crime while obtaining knowledge about the methodology of rape investigation. The thesis includes both theoretical and practical elements and is divided into 4 chapters. The first chapter deals with criminal code aspects, which are representing a necessary part of a theoretical introduction to the issue. It includes the historical development of the legal regulation of rape up to the current definition, where all its features are analyzed with a supplementary interpretation of case law. For inclusion in the European context, the content also includes a description of the rape legislation in selected European countries. The second chapter represents the findings of criminology and criminalistics on the crime of rape. Thus, various typologies of rape are presented, including possible causes regarding the influence of myths. Furthermore, attention is paid to the characteristics of the victim, characteristics of the perpetrator and the typical ways of committing this crime. The third chapter introduces the investigation methodology itself, which presents incentives...

Methodology for investigation of sex crimes (selected issues) Abstract This diploma thesis entitled "Methodology of investigation of sex crimes (selected issues)" aims to provide a comprehensive view of specific problems related to the investigation of sex crimes, especially in relation to rape as a typical representative of this group of offenses. For this purpose, main aspects of historical development of legal regulation of rape, including its current legal regulation and occurence, are summarized in the first part of this work. Subsequently, the criminalistic characteristics of rape are described, including an analysis of several partial elements like the ways of committing a crime and the personality traits of the perpetrator and the victim. The third to ninth chapters describe peculiarities of components of the investigation methodology in relation to sex crimes. In this part of the work, typical traces and investigative situations, peculiarities of stimuli for investigation or peculiarities of initial and subsequent actions are mentioned, with further focus on interrogation and expertise. The tenth chapter is devoted to specific problems of the investigation of child victims. Here are presented deviations related to the examination of minor witnesses which aim to minimize the risks of secondary...

El diario La República, un diario de izquierda, conocido por sus grandes abordajes de periodismo de investigación. Sus publicaciones marcan un antes y un después de los autogolpes y un país en crisis por el terrorismo, siendo uno de los que lograron sacar provecho de cada acontecimiento. Sin embargo, durante el segundo gobierno de Alberto Fujimori que comprende de 1995 al 2000, agilizó la ejecución de un nuevo Programa de Planificación Familiar, cuyo propósito fue la reducción de la tasa de natalidad para disminuir la pobreza extrema y como consecuencia, miembros del cuerpo médico practicaron las esterilizaciones forzadas; desde este momento el contenido de este diario dio un giro. A partir de las denuncias que se registraron en tinta y papel dentro de la redacción, su contenido periodístico pasó a evolucionar hacia el nuevo periodismo. Los periodistas comenzaron a buscar la noticia, a recoger las fuentes y utilizar lenguaje literario. Por esta razón, cada publicación que escribieron sobre las esterilizaciones forzadas se dirige a un periodismo de denuncia. / The newspaper La República, a leftist newspaper, known for its great approaches to investigative journalism. His publications mark a before and after the autogolpes and a country in crisis for terrorism, being one of those who managed to take advantage of each event. However, during the second government of Alberto Fujimori that includes from 1995 to 2000, he expedited the execution of a new Family Planning Program, whose purpose was to reduce the birth rate to reduce extreme poverty and as a consequence, body members doctor practiced forced sterilizations; From this moment the content of this newspaper took a turn. From the denunciations that were registered in ink and paper within the writing, its journalistic content began to evolve towards the new journalism. Journalists began searching for the news, collecting the sources and using literary language. For this reason, each publication they wrote about forced sterilizations is directed to a reporting journalism. / Tesis

No abstract available. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

MESMEG / Department of Mining and Environmental Geology / See the attached abstract below

This thesis deals with methodology for robbery investigation as one of the methodologies that form the special part of crime investigation science. The reason why these methodologies (not only the methodology for robbery investigation) are being developed is the constant change of how are robberies (and other crimes in general) committed, and the pursuit of developing the most effective methods for investigation that will help the police prevent robberies and crime in general. The aim of this thesis is to outline a comprehensive overview of the methodology for robbery investigation with the focus on the specifics of robbery investigation. The first two chapters provide a characteristic of robberies, first, from the view of criminal law. Even though the criminal law characteristics of robberies is not usually part of the methodology for robbery investigation, this paper reports on it, as it is important for understanding the whole problematics of robberies. The criminal law characteristics chapter tackles not only current definition of robbery obtained in Criminal code, but also the historical development of legal regulation of robbery. The second characteristics it provides is from the view of crime scene investigation science (criminalistics) using the outcomes of different studies and works of...

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been used as a railway substructure investigation tool since the late 1990’s and has seen significant development since then. To use GPR as a more effective tool for substructure investigation, a GPR substructure characterization model was developed. This dissertation provides a detailed description of railway track components, track geometry, soil properties and classification and substructure design. The historical background of GPR is discussed together with GPR principles, basic GPR equations, hardware and accessories as well as GPR data collection, processing and interpretation. Other in situ investigation techniques namely the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP), light weight deflectometer (LWD) , Pencel pressuremeter, surface wave testing, remote video monitoring (RVM), multi-depth deflectometers (MDD) and continuous track modulus measurement techniques are also discussed. A comparison between the different track investigation techniques was also done, with reference to sample rate, cost, effectiveness and value. Two sites in South Africa were selected for the investigation, one with good substructure conditions used for heavy haul coal export close to Vryheid (KN test section) and the other a general freight line with poor substructure conditions near Rustenburg (NT test section). These two sites were selected to develop a GPR substructure characterization model as they provided conditions ranging from poor to very good. This was supported by the analysis of the in situ soil sampling and testing. The calculation of the track substructure modulus from RVM deflection measurements showed three times higher values for the KN test section compared to the NT test section. The subballast and subgrade thickness, the GPR ballast fouling (GBF) index as well as the GPR moisture condition index was used for the classification ranges used in the model. The subballast and subgrade layer roughness values were calculated and used for the substructure classification. The GBF index and the GPR moisture condition roughness were used for the GPR fouling index classification. The GPR deliverables were divided into four classes (i.e. very good, good, moderate and poor). The evaluation of the characterization model showed that a traditional in situ investigation will cost approximately 3.7 times more than that of a GPR investigation. It would also take two thirds of the time to complete the GPR investigation compared to the traditional in situ investigation. The study showed that GPR can be used to develop a substructure characterization model and that it would be more cost effective and efficient than traditional in situ investigation techniques. GPR surveys provide continuous measurements of the track structure condition and can therefore provide a continuous classification unlike the discreet and fragmented nature of in situ investigations. However, in situ tests can be done at certain intervals within the GPR survey or at point where the GPR classification is not clear. The best solution for railway track characterization can therefore be obtained by using GPR and in situ classification in combination. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Civil Engineering / unrestricted