Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1998. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Drexel University, 2005. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-126).

Class of 2014 Abstract / Specific Aims: The specific aim of this study was to measure the severity of dopamine receptor 1 (D1R)- and dopamine receptor 2 (D2R)-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) when administered with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 or opioid glycopeptide MMP-2200. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine to cause unilateral loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and subsequent striatal dopamine loss. Levodopa (7 mg/kg; i.p.) injection for 21 consecutive days caused the rats to develop levodopa-induced dyskinesias, termed AIMs in this preclinical rat model. The rats were first primed with the D1R agonist SKF81297, then co-administered with MK-801 or MMP-2200 and AIMs scores were recorded to determine the severity of the dyskinesias. Then the same procedure was performed with the D2R agonist quinpirole. Main Results: MK-801 worsened D1R-induced limb, axial and orolingual (LAO) AIMs (p<0.05) whereas there was no change in locomotor AIM scores. MK-801 reduced D2R-induced LAO AIMs by 89% (p<0.001). However, MK-801 induced ipsiversive rotations, which is a parkinsonian symptom in this model. MMP-2200 had no effect on D1R-induced LAO AIMs but significantly reduced locomotor AIMs by 50% (p<0.05). MMP-2200 significantly decreased both D2R-induced LAO and locomotor AIMs by 40% and 90%, respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion: Both MK-801 and MMP-2200 had differential effects on the rodent direct and indirect striatofugal pathways with regards to AIMs. These results support that MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, and MMP-2200, a mixed mu and delta opioid receptor agonist, modulate levodopa-induced dyskinesias through the dopaminergic and glutaminergic pathways.

In recent years, a group known as “Incels” has caught the public eye. The group consists ofmen who believe themselves to be in “involuntary celibacy”, without the means to ever finda sexual or romantic partner. The community is predominantly based online, organized innetworks and forums, where a worldview consisting of anti-feminism, sexual determinismand a hatred of modern society thrives. But why is the community successful, and how doesso many men end up on the forums? In this thesis, the mechanisms of the incel-forum areexamined by conducting a netnography on one of the larges incel-forums, incels.is, andevaluate the findings through a sociological lens. With this perspective, it is possible tounderstand incels as a societal phenomenon rather than something unique andindividualistic; because even though incels are unusual in their extreme rhetoric and actions,the mechanisms that influence them are not. By understanding incels within the specificcontext of love and sex in modernity, where romantic and sexual relationships have becomean important source for a sense of self-worth and romance and sexuality is in a state ofanomie, the level of misery expressed by members of the group becomes understandable.To combat this misery the power of groups becomes evident, where the expressions ofcontrol, status within the group, establishing group borders and creating a sense ofbelonging all contribute to protecting and strengthening the community. For incels, theforum becomes a place where meaning is created. In a state of anomie, incels reject societyand turn to retreatism, where the group becomes the place where they create their own setof strict rules and morals for the members of the community to follow.

The purpose of this study was to conduct qualitative interviews of 10 Human Resource Managers to determine their perceptions of the soft skills necessary for successful employment, to determine the primary causes of involuntary turnover, and to determine their perceptions of the proposed Smart Start Pathway to improve potential employee success and employment retention. 10 businesses located in a 9-county region in central Mississippi were purposively selected to participate in this study. 2 of the businesses were service sector employers, and 8 were manufacturers. Interviews were scheduled with the Human Resource Manager for each business, and the manager was supplied with a copy of the interview questions and a copy of the career pathway curriculum to review. Interviews were conducted, transcribed, and analyzed to determine results. Human Resource Managers revealed that communication skills and dependability were the most frequently cited soft skills important for employee success; the most frequently cited causes of employee dismissal were attendance, rule violations, and behavior problem; and finally, the managers interviewed were positive in their perceptions of the efficacy of the proposed career pathways model. The study showed that soft skills identified by Human Resource Managers and those skills contained in the training modules of the career pathway model are similar. The managers were in agreement that these skills might be better learned and retained at an earlier age than those who will be taking this training to enter the workforce. Additional research is recommended to quantify career pathways program outcomes upon implementation, to determine the causes of employee attendance issues, to determine the practices of employers who demonstrate low turnover rates, and to determine the viability of offering this training as part of the secondary education process.

No description available.

No description available.

<p> An organization can adopt one of two implementation techniques to execute layoffs. Through involuntary layoffs, management can unilaterally select which employees to layoff. Alternatively, through voluntary layoffs, employees can self-select through volunteering for a layoff. A model from the turnover realm was adapted and applied to assess antecedents of the layoff decision for both implementation techniques. Antecedents included work related variables (job performance, salary, job satisfaction, stress, organizational commitment, severance packages) and non-work related variables (age, education, tenure, gender, family size).</p> <p> A policy-capturing approach compared voluntary versus involuntary layoffs. Management and employee dyads assessed employee profiles and judged the layoff decision for each profile. Given the exploratory nature of this research, subject matter experts (SMEs) assessed 388 profiles to validate the model. Semi-structured interviews with SMEs provided improvements adopted for the field study. The field study involved managers and employees from three companies evaluating 976 employee profiles to determine the likelihood for voluntary or involuntary layoffs. Logit regression analysis provided the significance, strength and direction of influence for each antecedent on the layoff decision.</p> <p> The results provide evidence that job performance, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negatively correlated relationship with both layoff implementation techniques. Slightly more than half (56.35%) of employees had the same stay or leave decision during voluntary versus involuntary layoffs. The residual (43.65%) represent mismatches that are a result of different influence and interpretation of the remaining layoff antecedents. This thesis provides evidence that voluntary and involuntary layoff implementation techniques result in a different mix of employees leaving the organization. From a policy perspective, recommendations on how to minimize mismatch are provided. From a theory perspective, a closer bridge between layoff and turnover research is proposed. This thesis also suggests that layoffs should be assessed based on the voluntary-involuntary divide in future research.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

The thesis is devoted to the issue of involuntary hospitalization in the field of psychiatry. Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is accompanied by a wide range of ethical issues and practical problems. In the theoretical part of the thesis I describe the involuntary hospitalization from several different points of view. I pay attention to international conventions and documents relating to the issue, reveal the historical roots of involuntary hospitalization, compare the situation in different European countries and mention some important judicial decisions concerning the involuntary admission of a person. Using a comprehensive approach I map all the important aspects of this sensitive area in health care provision. In the research part, using both - the quantitative and the qualitative approach, I offer a more detailed look at two selected aspects surrounding the involuntary hospitalization. The first part of the research is focused on the subjective experiences of involuntarily admitted patients. 88 patients participated in the research. These patients described their perception of coercion, the possibility or impossibility of influencing decisions about hospitalization and subsequent treatment, the level of autonomy and emotional experience. The second part of the research is aimed at...

The thesis is devoted to the issue of involuntary hospitalization in the field of psychiatry. Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization is accompanied by a wide range of ethical issues and practical problems. In the theoretical part of the thesis I describe the involuntary hospitalization from several different points of view. I pay attention to international conventions and documents relating to the issue, reveal the historical roots of involuntary hospitalization, compare the situation in different European countries and mention some important judicial decisions concerning the involuntary admission of a person. Using a comprehensive approach I map all the important aspects of this sensitive area in health care provision. In the research part, using both - the quantitative and the qualitative approach, I offer a more detailed look at two selected aspects surrounding the involuntary hospitalization. The first part of the research is focused on the subjective experiences of involuntarily admitted patients. 88 patients participated in the research. These patients described their perception of coercion, the possibility or impossibility of influencing decisions about hospitalization and subsequent treatment, the level of autonomy and emotional experience. The second part of the research is aimed at...