This work investigates the effect of fibre irregularities on the mechanical behaviour of the irregular fibres using the finite element method (FEM). The first part of this work examines that the effect of fibre dimensional irregularities on the linear and non-linear tensile behaviour of the fibres, using a two-dimensional (2D) finite element models. In the linear simulation, a concept of method Young’s modulus is introduced. The method Young’s modulus, breaking load and breaking extension are affected by the magnitude and frequency of diameter variation in the fibre specimen. Fibre dimensional variation and the gauge length effect are also simulated. In the non-linear analysis, some additional information is obtained on changes in the yield and post-yield regions, which are clearly shown in the load-extension curves. Further investigation is focused on the flexural buckling behaviour of fibres with dimensional irregularities. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model is used to simulate the buckling deformation of dimensionally irregular fibres, and the critical buckling load of the simulated fibre is calculated. Two parameters, the effective length and the average diameter within the effective length of an irregular fibre, are considered to be the key factors that influence the buckling behaviour of the fibre. An important aspect of this work is the calculation of the effective length of an irregular fibre specimen during buckling. This method has not been reported before. The third part of this work is on the combined tensile and torsional behaviour of fibres with dimensional irregularities, using a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model. Two types of fibres, polyester and wool, are simulated with sine waves of different level (magnitude) and frequency at different twist levels. For the polyester fibre, experiment verification of the simulation results has been carried out, and the results indicate the FE model is well acceptable for the simulation. The final part of this work examines the combined effect of dimensional and structural irregularities on the fibre tensile behaviour. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element models are used to simulate the cracks (transverse, longitudinal, combined transverse and longitudinal cracks) and cavities distributed in uniform fibres and fibres with 30% level of diameter variation, respectively. One of important conclusions is that under the simulated conditions, the dimensional irregularity of fibre influences the tensile behaviour of fibres more than the fibre structural irregularity. The fibre dimensional irregularity affects not only the values of the breaking load and breaking extension, but also the shape of load-extension curves. However, the fibre structural irregularity simulated in the study appears to have little effect on the shape of the load-extension curves. In addition, the effect of crack or cavity size, type and distribution on fibre tensile properties is also investigated.

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine how Greece’s migration system functions and how immigration and asylum policies manifest themselves during the countries current severe economic crisis. More precisely, examining how the regulatory framework and policies regarding refugees' and migrant situation effects practical implementation. The research questions raised are; - How are refugees and other migrants' rights in Greece respected, from a legal, political and moral perspective? What impact can racism have on the treatment of refugees and other migrants? A contextual analysis of ideas through an analysis of the political programs/agendas was used and contrasted, through theories concerning racism, nationalism and globalization to further nuance the situation concerning refugees' rights. Furthermore the study is analyzed through a HR perspective or more precisely through relevant conventions, regulations and EU directives. The conclusions are that Greece has laws and policies regarding migration, however these regulations have major flaws concerning their practical outcome. Improvements have been made to the migration system constituted of new government agencies intended to meet EU-standards, concerning the management of the asylum process. Unfortunately these improvements have been found wanting. Globalization is challenging the national and regional laws. EU and its regulations concerning asylum, does not take into account differentiated contextual realities concerning EU´s member states. People generally intend to travel through Greece and are consequently sent back to Greece by other EU states, without significant support it becomes problematic to handle this volume of people. The European Union’s protectionist policies create barriers and make access to the region more difficult, meanwhile people of other nationalities flee or migrate in hope of a more secure and humane existence. With xenophobia on the rise (both politically and socially) migrants face further difficulties, for instance fear of deportation can make the reporting of hate crimes to the authorities complicated to say the least.

Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor: Sepp, Kalev. Second Reader: Greenshields, Brian. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on February 1, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Civil Affairs, Irregular Warfare, counterinsurgency, foreign internal defense, stability operations, special operations, future threat environment. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-89). Also available in print.

Orientador: Tadashi Yokoyama / Banca: Rodney da Silva Gomes / Banca: Nelson Callegari Junior / Resumo: Neste trabalho analisamos a evolução de alguns satélites de Júpiter sob a ação da migração planetária proposta por Tsiganis et al. (2005). Estudos de sobrevivência dos satélites além da órbita de Calisto são feitos. Tais estudos são realizados seguindo uma técnica recente apresentada em Deienno (2010). Nós também mostramos a plena possibilidade de captura de planetesimais que passam próximo do planeta. Tais objetos podem se tornar satélites irregulares de Júpiter. Realizamos uma análise destes planetesimais durante todo o tempo em que permaneceram capturados e comparamos com os atuais satélites irregulares. Finalmente, fizemos um estudo semianalítico, considerando uma análise qualitativa através de curvas de nível e superfícies de seçãso de Poincaré. Mostramos brevemente uma generalização da ressonância de Lidov-Kozai, onde aparecem dois novos centros / Abstract: In this work we analyse the evolution of some Jupiter's satellites submitted to planetary migration scenario proposed by Tsiganis et al. (2005). Studies on the survival of satellites beyond the orbit of Callisto are made. Such studies are done following a new and recent approach presented in Deienno (2010). We also show a clear possibility of capture of planetesimals that pass close the planet. Such objects can become Jupiters irregular satellites. We performed analysis of these captured planetesimals during entire period they were bound to Jupiter and compared with the existing irregular satellites. Finally, semi-analytical studies were done. Qualitative analysis through the level curves and Poincar'es surfaces of section of some orbits were considered. We briefly show a generalization of Lidov-Kozai resonance where two new centers of libration appear / Mestre

Submitted by Eduarda Figueiredo (eduarda.ffigueiredo@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-06T13:49:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_DanielOliveira_Artigos.pdf: 26777891 bytes, checksum: 6a7ff23fd87b3041a5cd0bcb653849b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-06T13:49:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_DanielOliveira_Artigos.pdf: 26777891 bytes, checksum: 6a7ff23fd87b3041a5cd0bcb653849b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-17 / Câmeras digitais portáteis e scanners são equipamentos amplamente utilizados para digitalizar documentos. A imagem obtida pela digitalização pode conter diversos problemas tais como iluminação irregular, embaçamento (blur) ou distorções geométricas. A iluminação irregular ocorre quando a luz refletida pelo papel não é uniforme, gerando uma variação na distribuição de iluminação da imagem digitalizada. O defeito de embaçamento tem como uma de suas causas mais frequentes a incorreta calibração focal entre a câmera e o objeto fotografado ou o distanciamento do objeto da plataforma do scanner. Nesse último caso também surge uma distorção geométrica. Esta tese propõe novos algoritmos para minimizar tais problemas em imagens de documentos fotografados ou escaneados.

This research discusses how the design of a tornado forward error correcting channel code (FEC) sends digital data stream profiles to the receiver. The complete design was based on the Tornado channel code, binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation on a Gaussian channel (AWGN). The communication link was simulated by using Matlab, which shows the theoretical systems efficiency. Then the data stream was input as data to be simulated communication systems using Matlab. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the audience to a simulation technique that has been successfully used to determine how well a FEC expected to work when transferring digital data streams. The goal is to use this data to show how FEC optimizes a digital data stream to gain a better digital communications systems. The results conclude by making comparisons of different possible styles for the Tornado FEC code.

Since the beginning of the 1990s, Europe has been confronted with an increase of irregular migration in connexion to the collapse of the communist regimes. Today, it is estimated that there are from about 2 to 4 million irregular migrants living in the European Union. Most of them take part in local informal economies. Besides traditional immigration countries of Western Europe, the southern European countries have also become a destination region of irregular migration. Recently though, the same can be said about some post- communist European countries, namely Czechia. The dissertation focuses on irregular migration in Czechia. More specifically, it deals with irregularly working migrants in the period preceding the global economic crisis. As there is insufficient level of knowledge of the phenomenon in Czechia, the dissertation delivers empirical material regarding forms and reasons of irregular migration and structure, volume and strategies of irregularly working migrants. These characteristics are framed within the European context. Moreover, from the terminological point of view, the dissertation tries to bypass the limitations of the Czech literature and presents own terminology of the given processes and their actors. Finally, the dissertation aims to contribute to current theoretical and...

Esta pesquisa propõe a análise das práticas políticas que se conformam em torno da problemática que relaciona habitação irregular precária e preservação dos recursos hídricos em São Paulo, a saber, as remoções e os processos de reurbanização/regularização. As práticas são analisadas a partir de pesquisa etnográfica realizada no distrito do Grajaú, região sul da cidade, marcado pelo alto crescimento populacional irregular em áreas de mananciais. Em uma abordagem que se afasta daquelas de avaliação de políticas, busca-se compreender as formas pelas quais a gestão dessas áreas produz e lida com situações que chamo de ingovernáveis. / This research proposes an analysis of political practices on the problem that relates irregular and precarious housing problem and preservation of water resources in São Paulo, namely the removal and the processes of reurbanization / regularization. The practices are analyzed from an ethnographic study in Grajaú, south region of São Paulo, marked by high and irregular population growth in watershed areas. In an approach that takes distance from those of policy evaluation, this work seeks to understand the ways in which the management of these areas produces and deals with situations that are called ungovernable.

Esta pesquisa propõe a análise das práticas políticas que se conformam em torno da problemática que relaciona habitação irregular precária e preservação dos recursos hídricos em São Paulo, a saber, as remoções e os processos de reurbanização/regularização. As práticas são analisadas a partir de pesquisa etnográfica realizada no distrito do Grajaú, região sul da cidade, marcado pelo alto crescimento populacional irregular em áreas de mananciais. Em uma abordagem que se afasta daquelas de avaliação de políticas, busca-se compreender as formas pelas quais a gestão dessas áreas produz e lida com situações que chamo de ingovernáveis. / This research proposes an analysis of political practices on the problem that relates irregular and precarious housing problem and preservation of water resources in São Paulo, namely the removal and the processes of reurbanization / regularization. The practices are analyzed from an ethnographic study in Grajaú, south region of São Paulo, marked by high and irregular population growth in watershed areas. In an approach that takes distance from those of policy evaluation, this work seeks to understand the ways in which the management of these areas produces and deals with situations that are called ungovernable.

As linhas de transmissão no Brasil formam uma imensa rede de transporte de energia elétrica denominada SIN (Sistema Interligado Nacional). Ao longo das áreas próximas às linhas existem corredores denominados faixa de passagem. Devido à alta tensão dos cabos energizados e aos riscos para a população e para o sistema, essas áreas têm restrições de uso. Contudo, sabe-se que, frequentemente, são registradas ocorrências de ocupações ilegais. O presente trabalho discute a questão das ocupações irregulares nas faixas de passagens das linhas de transmissão de energia elétrica em áreas urbanas no Brasil. Isto porque as variáveis que influenciam para ocorrência da infração estão localizadas preferencialmente nas cidades. A análise está focada nos fatores presentes nas adjacências das faixas de passagens. Foram identificadas três características propulsoras do descumprimento da regra: a tipologia do uso do solo, a associação das condições socioeconômicas e a densidade demográfica nas imediações dessas faixas. O estudo baseia-se nessas variáveis e faz uso das técnicas do geoprocessamento para a realização de uma série de tarefas necessárias para a execução do trabalho, como mapeamento do uso do solo, geração de buffer análise e produção de overlays. Os recursos das análises de agrupamento foram o meio usado para sintetizar os dados referentes à população, à renda e à escolaridade. O modelo desenvolvido foi aplicado e testado nos arredores da Linha de Transmissão 345 kV - Anhanguera-Guarulhos, situada na zona norte da cidade de São Paulo e que perpassa por áreas com diversos tipos de urbanização, diferentes níveis de renda, variadas classes sociais e muitos tipos de uso e ocupação do solo. / The Electric Power Transmission Lines in Brazil form an immense network of electricity transportation named the National Interconnected System (SIN). Along the nearby areas of the lines transmissions, there is a zone called line transmissions corridor. Due to the high-voltage of the power cables and the risks to the population and to the system, these areas have restrictions of use. However, it is known that illegal occurrences are frequently registered. The present work discusses the matter of irregular occupations in the line transmission corridors of the electric power transmission lines in urban areas in Brazil. It is because of the fact that the variables that influence this type of infringement are exceedingly present in cities. The focus of the analysis is on factors found in the vicinities of the lines transmission corridors. Three propelling characteristics of the rules non-compliance were identified: the soil use type, the association of socioeconomic conditions and the demographic density of the surrounding area. The study is based on these factors and uses geoprocessing techniques to perform a series of tasks required for the execution of this work, such as mapping the land use, generating the buffer analysis and producing the overlay analysis. The resources of the cluster analysis were used to synthesize data referring to the population, income and education. The developed model was applied and tested in the surroundings of the 345kV electric line transmission Anhanguera-Guarulhos, located in the northern part of the city of São Paulo, passing through areas with different types of urbanization, different income levels, various social classes and many types of land use.