Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Charles Passos Rangel.pdf: 970968 bytes, checksum: 8211b14a033b6089d8ed8bbdef93fe27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Artificial feeding is an important tool, as an option to minimize the use of animals in scientific experiments, providing study of the transmission of bioagentes in the absence of vertebrate host. The objectives of this study were artificially food through capillary tubes females partially engorged of the tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus previously fed on cattle and to check the influence of the technique in the biological aspects of non-parasitic phase this species. Females weighing between 40,6 and 69,7 milligrams were separated into four groups of homogeneous weight, with 10 females in each and set on trays of styrofoam with double-sided tape. For artificial feeding tubes of microhematocrit containing blood citrated cattle were placed on the apparatus mouthpiece of ticks. The groups were fed by six, 12, 24, 36 hours, being kept under temperature of 27 ? 1 ? C and humidity above 80%. After artificial feeding, the ticks were weighed to verify the ingestion of blood. To monitoring the biological aspects, the ticks were set in Petri dishes, and kept in the same controled temperature and humidity, describe above. The control group was formed by engorged females from cattle, being kept in the same conditions of temperature and humidity of the groups artificially fed. For statistical analysis was used variance analysis and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%, for comparisons of means. The average weights acquired in milligrams were 12.33 ? 15.17; 33.41 ? 21.27; 67.53 ? 27.57; 79.47 ? 45.53 in groups 6, 12, 24, 36 hours, respectively. The two groups exposed for less time to capillaries, showed statistical difference compared with the gain average of weight of the group of 36 hours. From 24 hours of feeding was observed significant difference between the biological aspects of the groups artificially fed, except for the posture period. Although the females artificially fed through capillary tubes have not reached full engorgiment, the findings show that the technique did not presented deleterious effect on the biological aspects of this species. / Alimenta??o artificial ? uma ferramenta importante, por constituir op??o para minimizar o uso de animais na experimenta??o cient?fica propiciando estudo da transmiss?o de bioagentes na aus?ncia do hospedeiro vertebrado. Os objetivos deste estudo foram alimentar artificialmente, por meio de tubos capilares, f?meas parcialmente ingurgitadas do carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus previamente alimentadas em bovinos e verificar a influ?ncia da t?cnica, nos aspectos biol?gicos da fase n?o-parasit?ria desta esp?cie. F?meas pesando entre 40,6 e 69,7 miligramas foram separadas em quatro grupos de peso homog?neo, com 10 f?meas cada e fixadas em bandejas de isopor com aux?lio de fita dupla face. Para alimenta??o artificial, tubos de microhemat?crito contendo sangue bovino citratado foram posicionados sobre o aparelho bucal dos carrapatos. Os grupos foram alimentados por 6, 12, 24, 36 horas, sendo mantidos em estufa, ? temperatura de 27 ? 1?C e umidade superior a 80%. Ap?s alimenta??o artificial, os carrapatos foram pesados para verifica??o da ingest?o de sangue. Para acompanhamento dos aspectos biol?gicos, os carrapatos foram fixados em placas de Petri, e incubados nas mesmas condi??es de temperatura e umidade descritas acima. O grupo controle foi formado a partir de f?meas ingurgitadas oriundas de bovinos infestados experimentalmente, mantidas nas mesmas condi??es de temperatura e umidade dos grupos alimentados artificialmente. Para an?lise estat?stica utilizou-se an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Tukey com n?vel de signific?ncia 5%, para compara??es das m?dias. Os pesos m?dios em miligrama adquiridos foram 12,33?15,17; 33,41?21,27; 67,53?27,57; 79,47?45,53 nos grupos 6, 12, 24, 36 horas, respectivamente. Os dois grupos expostos por menos tempo aos capilares apresentaram diferen?a estat?stica em rela??o ao ganho m?dio de peso do grupo de 36 horas. A partir de 24 horas de alimenta??o foi observada diferen?a significativa entre os aspectos biol?gicos dos grupos alimentados artificialmente, exceto para o per?odo de postura. Embora as f?meas alimentadas artificialmente por meio de tubos capilares n?o tenham atingido ingurgitamento total, os resultados apresentados demonstram que a t?cnica n?o apresentou efeito delet?rio sobre os aspectos biol?gicos da esp?cie.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-11T21:16:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Matheus Dias Cordeiro.pdf: 852495 bytes, checksum: c420562c23340ca737374426f8c5e0f7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T21:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Matheus Dias Cordeiro.pdf: 852495 bytes, checksum: c420562c23340ca737374426f8c5e0f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-29 / CNPq / Brazilian Spotted Fever and Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome are emerging diseasest characterized as the only known to tick-borne zoonoses in Brazil. This study aimed to avaluate IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi and Rickettsia rickettsii in stray and domiciled dogs from Serop?dica-RJ and studying the fauna of ixodida these animals. To investigate the prevalence of antibodies against R. rickettsii and B. burgdorferi was performed to collect blood from 293 dogs in four areas of the city of Serop?dica-RJ. Serum samples were processed by Indirect Immunofluorescence (IFA) against crude antigens of R. rickettsii. The same animals were tested for IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi strain of North American origin, using the Indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To confirm the presence of Borrelia spp., 102 positive samples were tested by Western Blotting (WB). Ticks were also collected from the inspection of the animals. The specimens found were manually removed and stored in polypropylene bottles, and later identified. The association between seropositive animals and variables, were performed using the chi-square and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance level of 5%. Of the 283 sera tested by IFA, 23.67% (67/283) showed reactivity against species-specific antigens of R. rickettsii. Thus, we found a prevalence of 21.11% (19/90) in "40 km", 21.84% (19/87) in "Km 49", 25% (8 / 32) in "54 km" and 28.38% (21/74) in UFRRJ. The titles ranged from 1:64 to 1:512. On the other hand, of the 293 animals studied, 154 (52.56%) were positive for homologous antibodies anti-B. burgdorferi. It was founded a prevalence of 43.75% (14/32) in the "54 km", 51.72% (45/87) in the "49 km", 46.67% (42/90) in the "40 km" and 63.1% (53/84) in UFRRJ. It was no significant difference (p<0.05) between the prevalence of antibodies against Borrelia sp. in stray dogs and domiciled. Dogs with access to the street had a frequency against R. rickettsii significantly (p<0.05) greater than animals kept in prison. There were no statistical differences (p>0.05) the relationship between the variables: presence of ticks, animal sex, habits, frequenting pastures and age of the animals with seropositivity observed in either species. Regarding ticks, at least 64.5% (189/293) dogs were infested with ticks at the moment of collection. Only two species of ticks were identified, Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Amblyomma cajennense. The presence of antibodies anti-R. rickettsii and anti-B. burgdorferi in dogs from Serop?dica-RJ is indicative of the presence of rickettsias of the Rock Mountain Spotted Fever Group and spirochetes dogs in this area. / A Febre Maculosa Brasileira e a S?ndrome de Baggio-Yoshinari s?o enfermidades emergentes, caracterizadas como as ?nicas zoonoses conhecidamente transmitidas por carrapatos, no Brasil. O presente estudo teve como objetivo detectar anticorpos da classe IgG contra Rickettsia rickettsii e Borrelia burgdorferi e estudar a fauna de Ixod?deos nesses animais. Para investigar a preval?ncia de anticorpos contra R. rickettsii e B. burgdorferi foi efetuada a coleta de sangue de 293 c?es, em quatro ?reas do munic?pio de Serop?dica-RJ. Os soros obtidos foram processados atrav?s da Rea??o de Imunofluoresc?ncia Indireta (RIFI), contra ant?genos brutos de R. rickettsii. Os mesmos animais foram submetidos ? pesquisa de anticorpos hom?logos da classe IgG contra B. burgdorferi cepa americana G39/40, utilizando Ensaio de Imunoadsor??o Enzim?tico (ELISA) Indireto. Para confirma??o da presen?a de Borrelia spp. no munic?pio, 102 amostras positivas foram testadas pelo Western Blotting (WB). A fauna de ixod?deos foi estudada atrav?s da coleta de carrapatos a partir da inspe??o das regi?es das orelhas, dorso e coxins palmares e plantares dos animais. Os esp?cimes encontrados foram removidos manualmente e acondicionados em frascos de polipropileno, e posteriormente, identificados. O estudo da associa??o entre animais soropositivos e as vari?veis avaliadas, foram realizados por meio do teste de Qui-quadrado e An?lise de Vari?ncia (ANOVA), com n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Dos 283 soros testados ? RIFI, 23,67% (67/283) apresentaram reatividade contra ant?genos esp?cie-espec?fico de R. rickettsii, sendo encontrada uma frequ?ncia de 21,11% (19/90) no ?Km 40?, 21,84% (19/87) no ?Km 49?, 25% (8/32) no ?Km 54? e 28,38% (21/74) no campus da UFRRJ. A titula??o variou entre 1:64 ? 1:512. Por outro lado, dos 293 animais estudados, 154 (52,56%) foram positivos para anticorpos hom?logos anti-B. burgdorferi, sendo encontrada uma frequ?ncia de 43,75% (14/32) no ?Km 54?, 51,72% (45/87) no ?Km 49?, 46,67% (42/90) no ?Km 40? e 63,1% (53/84) na UFRRJ. Houve diferen?a significativa (p<0,05) entre as preval?ncias de anticorpos contra Borrelia spp. encontradas em caninos errantes e domiciliados. Os c?es com acesso a rua tiveram uma frequ?ncia de anticorpos contra R. rickettsii significativamente (p<0,05) maior que animais mantidos preso. N?o foram observadas diferen?as estat?sticas (p>0,05) entre a rela??o das vari?veis: presen?a de carrapatos, sexo dos animais, h?bitos de frequentar pastos e idade dos animais com a soropositividade observada em nenhuma das duas esp?cies. Quanto aos carrapatos, 64,5% (189/293) dos c?es estavam infestados por carrapatos no momento da coleta. Apenas duas esp?cies de carrapatos foram identificadas, Rhipicephalus sanguineus e Amblyomma cajennense. A presen?a de anticorpos hom?logos anti-R. rickettsii e anti-B. burgdorferi em caninos de Serop?dica-RJ ? um indicativo da presen?a de rickettsia do grupo da Febre Maculosa e espiroquetas em c?es nesta ?rea.