Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2000. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-150). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9977912.

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

When translating between any two languages, both linguistic and theoretical considerations must be made in order to create a successful translation. These choices are not made separately, however, but are inextricably linked; linguistic choices inform theoretical choices, and vice versa. A full understanding of both fields is crucial to the translator. The relationship between these two disciplines is considered in outlining a strategy for translating a selection from The Fall of Japanese in the Age of English, a novel by Mizumura Minae. Linguistic issues unique to the Japanese languages are considered along with theoretical issues, which are joined to create a unified translation strategy.

In the thesis I test the hypothesis that Late Old Japanese (LOJ) is not, as has been claimed by a number of scholars, a language that is innately "vague", but that it is capable of conveying meaning clearly. To prove this I analyse the text of the Genji Monogatari in a number of ways. I study the usage of honorifics in the text and the relationship between honorific usage and court rank. I show that honorific usage very often obviates the need for grammatical subjects and objects, and where honorifics or the context are not sufficient, the author introduces subjects to clarify the meaning of the text. Furthermore, I demonstrate that over brief sections of text, one character might be "tagged" with a particular honorific in order to identify them. Status at the Heian court was determined by court rank, and the higher a person's rank, the more honorifics had to be used. I investigate how characters could be identified when several people of similar ranks interacted. This will show that use by the author of the category of theme as well as occasional subjects serves to identify characters. I examine the applicability of the phenomenon of switch reference to LOJ, attempting to determine how far it may have enabled the ommission of grammatical subjects, and where LOJ presents problems for the canonical account of switch reference. I examine syntactic differences between narrative and quotation, and excerpts where there are differences over where quotations begin, and cases where different characters' quotations follow each other directly with no overt marking to separate them. Finally, I study personal reference, covering the link between characters' sobriquets and the type of scene in which they are appearing, and the usage of personal pronouns and demonstratives in the text.

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In the Canadian archival system, in the past, ethnic communities were not encouraged to establish their own archives because they were considered to.lack the resources required for sustaining professionally acceptable archives. In recentyears public archives have come to emphasize preservation of their parent bodies' archives, and consequently fewer resources have been available for preservation of private archives, including ethnic archives. There is evidence that some ethnic communities are concerned to preserve their archival materials. This thesis examines the.efforts of Japanese-Canadian communities to preserve archival materials bearing-on their historical experiences. A case study using the method of focussed interviews of Japanese-Canadian communities in seven cities revealed the substantial will to preserve archival materials. The study discovered that, while Japanese Canadians have been and are being rapidly assimilated to the larger society, cultural interests and the need for the sense of identity persist and are renewed by each generation. Under these circumstances, community leadership sees archival activities as an integral part of the community activities. The case study also revealed strengths and weaknesses of archival activities in those communities. Closeness to records creators through formal and informal networks within the communities provides community archives with distinct advantages. These archives can easily identify and locate materials of continuing value. They also have easy access to contextual information on records and their creators. Weaknesses were identified in defining acquisition policies and financial resources. Contrary to concerns of some archivists and researchers, most respondents are aware of the need to abide by professional standards, and they are also willing . to make their materials available to the general public. Based on the findings of the case study, several recommendations are offered. Preservation of ethnic archival materials should be clearly recognized as a responsibility to be assumed by both public archives and ethnic communities. To carry out this responsibility effectively, planning and cooperation among different archives and communities are essential. Ethnic community-based archives, on their part, should follow the accepted principles and practices, especially in the area of acquisition, so that they function as a legitimate part of the Canadian archival system. Networking among ethnic community archives is also recommended in order to reveal relationships among their holdings. / Arts, Faculty of / Library, Archival and Information Studies (SLAIS), School of / Graduate

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[No abstract available] / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

This thesis seeks to explore Japanese foreign investment criteria in resource industries, in order to determine what factors may influence the Japanese investment behavior in upstream investments. Japan's behavior for obtaining resources is becoming increasingly important in the world resource market because it requires substantial amounts of raw materials. Five criteria were hypothesized to analyze Japanese investment behavior in resource industries in the post-Second World War period. These criteria may only be applicable to Japanese resource industries. Japanese foreign investments were under tight government control until the end of the 1960's, and very few sizable resource investments were undertaken. Although resource investments have been Increasing over the past few years, Japan's resource investments and investment policies are still in transition. Based on the country's own criteria and past behavior, an attempt was made to determine Japan's future behavior under the expected resources demand-supply conditions, expected economic conditions and political changes in the world. / Business, Sauder School of / Graduate