Orientador: Persio Leister de Almeida Barros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T23:10:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 D'Alessandro_JulioRomuloPessoa_M.pdf: 4451701 bytes, checksum: d9c3d36b93799d07470f6bbc8779853b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de estabilidade através da análise cinemática, para o maciço rochoso da Mineração Casa de Pedra em Congonhas, Minas Gerais, utilizando mapeamento na escala 1:4000. Os parâmetros de resistência e o caimento dos planos das descontinuidades principais foram levantados a partir de um mapeamento geológico geotécnico detalhado. Foram coletados dados nas bancadas de todos os setores da mina a cada quatro metros. Os dados relativos aos pesos da classificação geomecânica de Bieniawski foram compilados em tabelas e posteriormente foram gerados mapas geotécnicos com o auxilio do software ArcView. A classificação geomecânica foi utilizada juntamente com a estimativa da compressão uniaxial de campo para a determinação da resistência do maciço rochoso com o auxilio do software RocLab da Rocscience. Na análise cinemática foram utilizados os ângulos de atrito das litologias predominantes em cada setor, definidas como campos homogêneos e foi realizada uma setorização das cavas em função das descontinuidades principais e da orientação da face do talude em relação a descontinuidade. Com os resultados obtidos pôde-se identificar os setores susceptíveis e aqueles não susceptíveis à ruptura. / Abstract: This work presents the study of the rock mass stability at the Mineração Casa de Pedra , Minas Gerais, using kinematic analisys and maps in 1:4000 scale. The geological structures, the friction angle and cohesion of the rock mass were evaluated through a geological geotecnical mapping technique. Data collected from each bench of the mine were relateded with the rock mass classification RMR and tables were compilled with them. Geotecnical maps were then plotted with the software ArcView. The rock mass classification along with the uniaxial compressive strength estimated in the field were used to determine the shear strength of the rock mass with the software RocLab by Rocscience. The friction angle in each zone, considered as homogeneous field, was used in the kinematic analisys and divisions were done in each mine pit as a function of the major feature and the wall orientation. With the results, the zones could be identified as susceptible or not susceptible to sliding. / Mestrado / Geotecnia / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Orientador: Luciano Allegretti Mercadante / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T19:10:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Panhan_AnaCarolina_M.pdf: 2757563 bytes, checksum: ebeb8e5b5eaeca1eea6e2be60ecf9616 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Um dos aspectos importantes nos estudos recentes com basquetebol é a descrição da movimentação dos jogadores, dada pela sua posição em função do tempo, que permite obter as distâncias percorridas e caracterizar o volume dos deslocamentos realizados pelos jogadores durante os jogos. Os objetivos desse trabalho foram: a) analisar as distâncias percorridas pelos jogadores por período de jogo e por jogo, as velocidades médias dos jogadores em bola viva (cronometro ativo) e bola morta (cronometro parado) por período de jogo e por jogo, b) analisar as distâncias percorridas entre as diferentes funções na equipe e verificar as distâncias percorridas pelos jogadores separados por função na equipe em situações de ataque, defesa e transições de ataque e de defesa e c) realizar a Análise por Componentes Principais dos jogadores separados por função, também em situações de ataque, defesa e transições de ataque e de defesa. O sistema DVideo (FEF-Unicamp, Campinas, Brasil) foi usado para obter as distâncias percorridas pelos jogadores de cinco equipes de basquetebol (A, B, C, D e E) em quatro jogos do Novo Basquete Brasil 2011/2012. Os alas-pivôs e pivôs da equipe (A) percorreram uma menor distância se comparados com os outros jogadores durante os quatro jogos analisados, o jogo 2 apresentou um menor valor de distância percorrida se comparado com os outros três jogos pois a duração do mesmo foi inferior aos outros e o último período (quarto) de jogo apresenta valores de distâncias percorridas superiores em relação ao outros períodos (quartos de jogo) pois a duração do mesmo é maior. Tanto para a equipe da casa (A), como para as equipes adversárias (B, C, D e E) foram encontradas diferenças significativas para os valores de distância percorrida entre as situações de jogo de ataque e defesa se comparadas com as transições, tanto de ataque como de defesa, os jogadores tem um maior deslocamento nas transições. Em situação de defesa todas as equipes não apresentaram diferença significativa para a variável excentricidade o que indica que os jogadores em situação de defesa se deslocam mais nas direções látero-laterais da quadra. Na situação de defesa as direções dos eixos principais são próximas as direções transversais da quadra. Os resultados apresentados são ferramentas importantes para técnicos e preparadores físicos de equipes de basquetebol porque ajudam a definir e detalhar o perfil físico e tático individual e coletivo dos jogadores e da equipe / Abstract: One important aspect in recent studies regarding basketball is the description of the players¿ movements as a function of time considering their different positions (i.e., distances covered and displacement velocity), which provides the characterization of volumes and intensities of the efforts made by the players during the games. The aim of this study were: a ) to analyze the distances the players for a period of play and per game average speeds of the live-ball players (active timer ) and dead ball ( timer stopped ) per period of play per game, b ) analyze the distances between the different roles in the team and check the distances the function separated by the team in situations of attack , defense and transitions attack and defense players and c ) perform principal component analysis of the function separated by players , also in case of attack, defense and transitions attack and defense . The Dvideo (FEF - Unicamp , Campinas , Brazil) system was used to obtain the distances the players five basketball teams ( A, B , C , D and E ) in four games Basketball New Brazil 2011/2012 . The power forwards and centers of the team (A) traveled a shorter distance compared to other players during the four games analyzed, Game 2 showed a lower amount of distance traveled when compared with the other three games because its duration was inferior to others and the last period (fourth) game presents higher values of distances traveled compared to other periods (quarters of play) because its duration is greater. So much for the home team (A) , as for the opposing teams ( B , C , D and E ) were significant for values of distance between the situations of the game of attack and defense differences compared with the transitions of attack and defense, players have a greater shift in the transitions. In defense situation all teams showed no significant difference to the eccentricity variable indicating that the players on defense situation moving in directions lateral- most side of the court. In defense situation the directions of the principal axes are near the transverse directions of the court. The results presented are important for coaches and trainers of basketball teams tools because they help define and detail the physical profile and individual and collective tactical players and team / Mestrado / Biodinâmica do Movimento Humano e Esporte / Mestra em Ciências da Nutrição e do Esporte e Metabolismo

La main est l’organe de préhension chez l’homme qui lui permet de manipuler des objets de tailles et de formes diverses et variées. Elle lui permet également d’effectuer des tâches, parfois d’une grande complexité, avec force ou avec une grande finesse. Il s’agit d’un outil d’une importance cruciale au quotidien, tant sur le plan domestique que sur le plan professionnel, et la perte de fonctionnalité de la main peut rapidement devenir un handicap pour certaines personnes. Bien qu’il existe encore peu d’études sur la capture et l’analyse des mouvements de la main dans la littérature scientifique, de nombreux domaines comme la médecine, l’ergonomie, le sport, la robotique, la réalité virtuelle ou les jeux vidéo s’y intéressent de plus en plus, afin de permettre aux personnes d’exploiter au mieux les fonctionnalités de la main tout en la préservant, ou de créer des interfaces homme-machine afin que celui-ci puisse interagir avec des robots ou en environnement virtuel. L’objectif de cette thèse a été de développer une méthode d’analyse cinématique in vivo et personnalisée afin de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension des mouvements de la main de l’homme. Une première partie du travail consiste à mettre en place un protocole de capture du mouvement de la main sur des sujets masculins et féminins de différentes tranches d’âges, allant de 20 à 50 ans. Les captures de mouvement ont été effectuées à l’aide d’un système optoélectronique et de 56 marqueurs passifs collés sur la peau de la main du sujet. Deux types de mouvements ont été capturés : les mouvements fonctionnels en flexion-extension et en abduction-adduction de la main, et les mouvements de prise d’objets cylindriques et sphériques. Les captures de mouvement sont ensuite labellisées afin d’identifier les différents marqueurs et de pouvoir en extraire les trajectoires. La deuxième partie du travail consiste à développer une méthode d’analyse cinématique des mouvements externes de la main à partir des trajectoires des marqueurs et de la valider à l’aide d’un modèle in silico. En plus d’estimer les paramètres cinématiques avec précision dans le cas où les trajectoires des marqueurs sont parfaites, l’évaluation des méthodes fonctionnelles montre que les mouvements de la main sont assimilables à des mouvements plans, circulaires ou sphériques en fonction de l’articulation étudiée. La construction des repères fonctionnels à partir des paramètres cinématiques pour chaque segment de la main permet ensuite de décrire les mouvements de rotation des articulations à l’aide des angles de Cardan. Les courbes des angles de Cardan obtenues à partir des trajectoires des marqueurs du modèle in silico permettent de valider la méthode de décomposition développée pour l’ensemble des articulations, à l’exception des articulations trapézo-métacarpienne (TMC) et métacarpo-phalangienne (MCP1) du pouce qui sont plus difficiles à analyser. La dernière partie de ce travail de thèse consiste à analyser les mouvements fonctionnels et les mouvements de prise d’objets à partir des captures expérimentales. Les courbes des angles de Cardan obtenues à partir des mouvements fonctionnels correspondent globalement à celles obtenues dans la littérature, sauf dans le cas de l’articulation TMC. De plus, ces courbes montrent que les rotations articulaires ne s’effectuent pas uniquement autour d’un axe, mais autour d’un axe de rotation dominant et d’un ou deux axes de rotation secondaires. Toutefois, les courbes des angles de Cardan des rotations autour des axes secondaires ne correspondent pas toujours à celles présentées dans la littérature. Bien que peu de mouvements de prise d’objets aient pu être analysés, certaines corrélations intéressantes ont pu être trouvées entre les postures de la main et la géométrie des objets manipulés, notamment au niveau des articulations MCP et IPD. / The human hand is a prehensile organ which allows people to handle objects with various sizes and shapes. It is wonderful tool that can be used to perform different simple or complex tasks with strength or great dexterity. It is also a crucial tool in the daily life, both at home and in the workspace, and loss of hand functionality may quickly become disabling for some people. There are few studies in the literature. However, motion capture and kinematic analysis of the hand is becoming more and more of an interest in different areas such as medicine, ergonomics, sport, robotics, virtual reality and video games. Results from these studies have improved knowledge about skills of the hand and how to preserve them. The studies have also improved interactions between people and computers in order to command robots or to progress in virtual reality. The aim of the thesis was to develop methods for an in vivo and subject-specific kinematic analysis in order to contribute to the improvement of knowledge about the human hand motion. A first part of this thesis was to develop a protocol for the motion capture of the hand for male and female subjects aged from 20 to 50 years old. The motion capture was performed using an optoelectronic system with passive markers glued on the skin of the hand. Two sorts of movements were captured. Firstly, functional movements like flexion-extension and abduction-adduction. Secondly, prehensile movements of cylindrical and spherical objects. Then, markers on the motion captures were identified in order to extract their trajectories. The second part of this thesis consisted in the development of a method for the kinematic analysis of external hand movements from the marker trajectories. Validation of this method was achieved using a model of the hand developed in silico. Since no noise was added to the marker trajectories in the silico model; kinematic parameters were estimated with precision. Moreover, assessment of the functional methods showed that the hand motions can be approximated by a plane, a circular arc or a spherical cap depending on the joint studied. After constructing the functional coordinate systems for each segment of the hand using the joint kinematic parameters, it was possible to decompose any joint rotation into three Cardan angles. This decomposition method was validated using the marker trajectories of the hand model, except for the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) and the metacarpophalangeal (MCP1) joints of the thumb which are more difficult to study. The last part of this thesis consisted in the analysis of the functional and the prehensile movements from the motion captures. The curves of the Cardan angles obtained from the functional movements are similar to those presented in the literature for all of the joints, except for the TMC joint. It was also noticed that the joint rotations do not occur around only one axis, but around one dominant axis and one or two secondary axes. However, some differences between the curves of the Cardan angles around the secondary axes obtained in this thesis and those presented in the literature were noticed for some joints. Despite only few prehensile grasps were analyzed, some interesting correlations were also found between the hand shape and the objects grasped, more particularly at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints.

This diploma thesis was written within Czech-German study programme Production systems (VUT v Brně & TU Chemnitz). This thesis is divided into four main parts. In the first part is brought out the introduction to design of robotic cells. Following part is concentrated on analysis of present state in area of machines with parallel kinematics. The penultimate part, on which is focused the main attention, is dedicated to kinematic analysis of delta-robot. Closing part of this Thesis presents the study of experimental robotized workplace with integrated delta-robot.

The primary task of this thesis was to evaluate, quantify and objectify distances of movement of elite volleyball players in terms of individual game specializations in the horizontal plane of motion. Secondarily, these values were mutually compared. For evaluation was used 3D kinematic motion analysis. Analyzed homogeneous group consisted of senior volleyball players at the Champions League level (n = 14; age = 25 ± 6 years; height = 182.3 ± 6.2 cm; weight = 72.1 ± 5.8 kg). Processing were four sets, a total of 167 rallies. The average distance one player absolved for 167 rally was 1259.89 meters in whole game, per rally, this value was 8.8 m. The movement of players was divided by a total of four directions relative to the volleyball net forward, backward, left and right. The results showed a high degree of homogeneity in the external load players and brought objective values for comparison between the players' specializations. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This diploma thesis deals with the biomechanics of running and the kinematic analysis of running in children aged 6 - 8 years. The paper consists of two parts. The first part deals with the biomechanics of running and its development, running injuries and describes the kinematic analysis of running. The PubMed, the ScienceDirect Database and sources of the National Medical Library and of the Charles University were searched for creating this theoretical part. The second part describes the experiment - methods and its results. 70 children were recorded during overground running at spontaneous speed. The obtained video recording was measured using the Kinovea 0.8.12. program. The video was scrolled through frames and three moments of the stance phase (initial contact, midstance and moment toe-off) were detected. At these moments selected angles in the sagittal plane were analyzed. These angles were described in the terms of descriptive statistics. Certain characteristics subdivided the cohort into two groups. These were compared in kinematic parameters to determine statistically significant differences. The obtained values from the experiment are discussed and compared with the the values from the recent literature dealing with kinematics of running. At last the suggestions for further research are...

The purpose of the thesis was to analyze and evaluate the head injuries due to a striking in a boxing match by LS-DYNA. A simplified arm model was built up and was equipped with three segments which were linked with two spherical joints. The strain-stress curves of the boxing glove foam and glove leather were measured in the Neuronic Lab in School of Technology and Health, KTH. The dimension and weight of the model was also set as adjustable to fulfill various requirements in different cases. Then a method was developed to facilitate the simulation. Finally, 39 video clips from the database were processed and the 13 cases were chosen to test the method and to perform the simulations. Additionally, the reliability of the model was assessed by comparing the outcome of the simulations with the results of the visual analysis from a previous study. The outcome showed that the model was able to restore the scenario from the videos both quantitatively and qualitatively, but it also suggest a high sensitivity of the model to the data artifacts from the video analysis. Interpretations and suggestions for the future work were also discussed.

Title: Analysis of the motion of dominant upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton performed by elite female players Objectives: Objective of my master thesis is to analyse movement of a dominant upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton and to point out possible risk factors for injuries and soft tissue overload problems in the region of the upper limb. Methods: The theoretical part deals with anatomical and kinesiological description of upper extremities. Then there is a description of the motion on the court and upper strokes in badminton and movements of upper extremity during the strokes. The practical part deals with measuring of rotations in shlouder joints and with analysis of motion of upper extremity during offensive stroke in badminton. It is focused on measuring the range of motion, angular velocity and angular acceleration in joints of dominant upper extremity. The Xsens MVN was used to record motion. Results: The results showed that the internal rotation in the shoulder joint on the dominant upper limb during active movement examination is reduced in elite female badminton players. When an offensive strike is played, the players come to the extreme inner rotation in the shoulder joint. Next we found out that the risky movement during the offensive stroke is...

1 ABSTRACT Title: Comparing physiotherapist's functional test assessments with OpenPose kinematic data Objectives: Assess wether is OpenPose (OP) system able to detect parameters of poor performance in the Single Leg Squat Test and Step Down Test. Presence of these parameters was indicated by consensus process among 3 physiotherapists. Methods: 48 healthy volunteers participated on the research. Each volunteer demonstrated 3 repetitions of Single Leg Squat Test and Step Down Test on each leg. Repetitions were recorded on video and at the same time evaluated by 3 physiotherapists (PT) using 15 binary parameters. Consensus process indicating presence of a parameter involved agreement of at least 2 of the raters while the inter-rater reliability coeficient for all 3 raters had to be κ ≥ 0,41. Changes in angles and relative distances of observed body segments were calculated using OpenPose keypoint detection model. Therefore each execution of the functional test was described by OP data and PT data. Statistical analysis was performed to assess wether was OpenPose able to detect significant differences between poor and good execution of a functional test in the 15 rated parameters. Results: OP was able to reliably assess following parameters: Loss of balance, Excessive upper extremity movement and Lateral...

Title: Kinematic of cervical thoracic spine in the context of whole body posture Problematics: This work describes the kinematics of upper thoracic spine during specific movement of the shoulder girdle. The kinematic changes are evaluated with the relationship of the whole body posture. Aim: To develop the objective evaluation of the posture and the amount of the segmental spinal movement of cervical thoracic spine. To describe the relationship between the specific movement of arm - adduction and external humeral rotation - and the posture using 3D kinematic analysis. To objectify this tested movement as a diagnostic tool or a therapy for forward head posture. Methods: The theoretical part of this work summarizes the current knowledge of poor posture and there is defined the upright posture. The experimental part describes the measurement of the movement of shoulder girdle and its response to the axial system using 3D kinematic analysis. Result: The results of kinematic 3D motion analysis show that the external humeral rotation with adduction of the shoulder leads to the upright posture if there is the horizontal position of the thorax and pelvis. The posture was divided due to the physiological or pathological response with this simple movement. Conclusion: A new model for evaluation of the...