This master's thesis deals with the classification of the retinal blood vessels in retinal image data. The thesis contains a description of anatomy of the human eye with focus on the blood circulation, and imaging and diagnostic methods of the retina are briefly mentioned further. The thesis also summarizes methods of the blood circulation classification with emphasis on the deep learning. The practical section was implemented in Python programming language and describes the pre-processing of the data with determination of AV ratio. Based on a literature search, the U-net architecture was chosen for the classification of the retinal blood vessels. The architecture was modified using the open-source Keras library and tested on images from the experimental video-ophthalmoscope. The modified architecture was initially used for classification of vessels into the corresponding classes and because of unsatisfying results was modified another architecture segmenting retinal vessels, arteries or veins and a proposition of a method of the blood vessels classification.

This thesis deals with design and implementation of an algorithm for segmentation of ribs from thoracic CT data. For the segmentation method of rib centerlines detection is chosen. The first step of this approach is to extract the centerlines of all the bones located in the scan. These centerlines are divided into short primitives, which are subsequently classified into couple of categories, depending on whether they represent the centerline of the rib. Subsequently, the centrelines of ribs are used as the seed points of the region growing algorithm in three-dimensional space, which realizes the final segmentation of the ribs. Within the work, a database of 10 CT scans was manually annotated, which was subsequently used to validate a performance of the proposed segmentation approach. The achieved success rate of primitive classification is 96,7 %, the success rate of rib segmentation (Dice coefficient) is 86,8 %.

The aim of this work is proposal of new method for bacteria classification based on sequences of marker genes. For this purpose was chosen 10 marker genes. Resulting MultiGene classifier processes data set by dividing it in several groups and choosing gene for each group which can distinguish this group with best results. This work describes implementation of MultiGene classifier and its results in comparison with other bacteria classifiers and with classification based entirely on gene 16S rRNA.

The thesis deals with the detection and classification of flying objects. The work can be divided into three parts. The first part describes the creation of dataset of flying objects. The reverse image search is used to create the dataset. The next part is a research of algorithms for detection, tracking and classification. Subsequently, the individual algorithms are applied and evaluated. In the last part, the design of hardware components is performed.

The thesis deals with a concept and creation of classifiers of defects found on continuous production lines. The first part presents an overview of methods used for image classification and a analysis of defects. The main part of the thesis consist of a description of created classifier interface and graphical user interface for classifier. The last part sums up reliability of each implemented classifer.

The aim of the thesis is to evaluate Czech text classification tasks in the low-resource settings. We introduce three datasets, two of which were publicly available and one was created partly by us. This dataset is based on contracts provided by the web platform Hlídač Státu. It has most of the data annotated automatically and only a small part manually. Its distinctive feature is that it contains long contracts in the Czech language. We achieve outstanding results with the proposed model on publicly available datasets, which confirms the sufficient performance of our model. In addition, we performed ex- perimental measurements of noisy data and of various amounts of data needed to train the model on these publicly available datasets. On the contracts dataset, we focused on selecting the right part of each contract and we studied with which part we can get the best result. We have found that for a dataset that contains some systematic errors due to automatic annotation, it is more advantageous to use a shorter but more relevant part of the contract for classification than to take a longer text from the contract and rely on BERT to learn correctly. 1

The content of this work is focused on the neural network per speaker recognition. The work deals with problems of processing speech signal and there are introduction some types of neural network. The part of work was made database of records from speakers with have various sex and ages. The train and test group was made from the database. For classifier were suggested afterwards. One of them was nominated on base Gaussian mixture model and three of them were nominated on neural. This system was tested and analyzed on the basis of age, gender and both criterions each other at the end. Attention is focused on choice suitable feature in each mission of classification at the same time. At the end of work are introduced results of analysis for individual groups and features. The most suitable features are diagnosed from given mission of classification and the most prosperous classifier.

Modern classification of organisms is performed on molecular data. These methods rely on multiple alignment of sequences of characters which make them computationally demanding. Only small parts of genomes can be compared in reasonable time. In this paper, the novel algorithm based on conversion of the whole genome sequences to cumulative phase signals is presented. Dyadic wavelet transform is used for lossy compression of signals by redundant frequency bands elimination. Signal classification is then performed as a cluster analysis using Euclidian metrics where multiple alignment is replaced by dynamic time warping.

Aim of this thesis is the classification of polysomnographic data. The first part of the thesis is a review of mentioned topic and also the statistical analysis of classification features calculated from real EEG, EOG and EMG for evaluating of the features suitability for sleep stages scoring. The second part is focused on the automatic classification of the data using artificial neural networks. All the results are presented and discussed.

This master thesis named “Measuring of ECG signals” is focused on detailed description of resting signals of ECG, which are derived from known positions of the start and the end of the wave P, complex QRS, and wave T. For this purpose we used classic twelve lead in ECG signals from CSE database, which consisted of 250 measurement records. Outcome of this work will be an algorithm capable of classifying chosen heat anomalies, as well as study which will evaluate quality of this algorithm from statistical standpoint. This study will also carry out statistical calculations concerning most common heart anomalies. These materials could be used as a software support for cardiologists.