På landsbygden finns sällan god tillgång till kollektivtrafik vilket har bidragit till att landsbygdens invånare har fått förlita sig på bilen som transportmedel. Regioner med stora delar av landsbygdsområden minskar ofta i befolkning vilket skapar svårigheter för den regionala kollektivtrafikmyndigheten att erbjuda invånarna transportmöjligheter på grund av minskad efterfrågan av kollektivtrafik. Landsbygdens invånare har således ofta svårt att transportera sig till samhällets grundläggande funktioner om de inte har tillgång till bil, vilket kan resultera i social exludering. Kombinerad mobilitet där flera olika transportmedel kompletterar varandra har pekats ut som en potentiell lösning på landsbygdens bristande kollektivtrafik. Uppsatsen studerar hur kombinerad mobilitet på landsbygden kan motverka transportrelaterad social exludering samt bidra till en regional utveckling. Uppsatsen tar utgångspunkt i en fallstudie där Region Blekinge studeras samt de tre kommunerna; Ronneby, Olofström och Karlskrona kommun. För att söka svar på uppsatsens syfte och frågeställningar har semistrukturerade intervjuer samt strategiska dokument från Region Blekinge använts som metod. För att analysera intervjuerna och de strategiska dokumenten har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys använts. Det empiriska materialet kopplas samman med uppsatsens analytiska ramverk som baseras på teori kring social rättvisa och governance. Slutsatserna visar att Region Blekinge arbetar med kombinerad mobilitet som ett komplement till kollektivtrafik på landsbygden där det inte är möjligt att bedriva kollektivtrafik. Det finns även samarbetssvårigheter för hur de inblandade aktörerna ska gå tillväga för att främja utvecklingen av kombinerad mobilitet och motverka transportrelaterad social exludering. Slutsatserna visar även att det finns potential för arbetet med kombinerad mobilitet att möjliggöra för att fler människor kan transportera sig till arbetsplatser samt fritidsaktiviteter som kan bidra till en regional utveckling.

<p>Operators of public transport always try to make their service as attractive as possible, to as many persons as possible and in a so cost effective way as possible. One way to make the service more attractive, especially to elderly and disabled, is to offer door-to-door transportation. The cost for the local authorities to provide this service is very high and increases every year.</p><p>To better serve the needs of the population and to reduce the cost for transportation of elderly and disabled, public transportation systems are evolving towards more flexible solutions. One such flexible solution is a demand responsive service integrated with a fixed route service, together giving a form of flexible public transport system. The demand responsive service can in such a system be used to carry passengers from their origin to a transfer location to the fixed route network, and/or from the fixed route network to their destination.</p><p>This thesis concerns the development of a framework for evaluation and design of such an integrated public transport service. The framework includes a geographic information system, optimization tools and simulation tools. This framework describes how these tools can be used in combination to aid the operators in the planning process of an integrated service. The thesis also presents simulations made in order to find guidelines of how an integrated service should be designed. The guidelines are intended to help operators of public transport to implement integrated services and are found by evaluating the effects on availability, travel time, cost and other service indicators for variations in the design and structure of the service.</p><p>In a planning system for an integrated public transport service, individual journeys must in some way be scheduled. For this reason the thesis also presents an exact optimization model of how journeys should be scheduled in this kind of service.</p> / Report code: LiU-TEK-LIC- 2006:38

Operators of public transport always try to make their service as attractive as possible, to as many persons as possible and in a so cost effective way as possible. One way to make the service more attractive, especially to elderly and disabled, is to offer door-to-door transportation. The cost for the local authorities to provide this service is very high and increases every year. To better serve the needs of the population and to reduce the cost for transportation of elderly and disabled, public transportation systems are evolving towards more flexible solutions. One such flexible solution is a demand responsive service integrated with a fixed route service, together giving a form of flexible public transport system. The demand responsive service can in such a system be used to carry passengers from their origin to a transfer location to the fixed route network, and/or from the fixed route network to their destination. This thesis concerns the development of a framework for evaluation and design of such an integrated public transport service. The framework includes a geographic information system, optimization tools and simulation tools. This framework describes how these tools can be used in combination to aid the operators in the planning process of an integrated service. The thesis also presents simulations made in order to find guidelines of how an integrated service should be designed. The guidelines are intended to help operators of public transport to implement integrated services and are found by evaluating the effects on availability, travel time, cost and other service indicators for variations in the design and structure of the service. In a planning system for an integrated public transport service, individual journeys must in some way be scheduled. For this reason the thesis also presents an exact optimization model of how journeys should be scheduled in this kind of service. / <p>Report code: LiU-TEK-LIC- 2006:38</p>