Magdeburg, University, Diss., 2008.

Zugl.: Regensburg, Univ., Diss., 2005 / Hergestellt on demand

Zugl.: Göttingen, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

Este trabalho visa analisar os efeitos da impecuniosidade da parte na instauração da arbitragem comercial. Como pano de fundo, têm-se a situação em que uma parte vinculada a uma convenção de arbitragem não possui os recursos financeiros exigidos para promover a instauração de uma arbitragem e, paralelamente, encontra-se impedida de resolver a controvérsia perante o Poder Judiciário. Caracterizada a situação de denegação de justiça, duas hipóteses de solução do problema serão analisadas. A primeira hipótese considera que a carência de recursos financeiros para instaurar uma arbitragem repercute no afastamento da convenção de arbitragem e permite que o litígio seja julgado pelo juiz togado. A segunda hipótese considera que a carência de recursos financeiros não repercute afastamento da convenção de arbitragem, todavia enseja sua adaptação para preservar a solução do litígio através da arbitragem. O trabalho então é dividido em quatro partes. A primeira parte trata da metodologia de pesquisa e delimitação do tema, bem como da definição de conceitos fundamentais. A segunda parte trata dos mecanismos de financiamento da arbitragem, uma ferramenta econômica de superação da carência de recursos da parte impecuniosa. A terceira parte versa sobre uma investigação da abordagem do tema na Alemanha, França e Portugal, em que são identificadas a aplicação das duas hipóteses de solução nos referidos sistemas jurídicos. A quarta parte é dedicada a análise do tema sobre a perspectiva brasileira. Mesmo não havendo posicionamento claro sobre o tema no Brasil, o regime jurídico sugere a possibilidade de adaptação da convenção de arbitragem como mecanismo de solução da denegação de justiça econômica. / The object of this dissertation is the effect of the claimant\'s impecuniosity at the start of an arbitration proceeding. The analysis considers situations where a claimant does not have enough financial resources to initiate an arbitration proceeding and, at the same time, cannot recourse to the national Courts. Against this background, two theses will be analyzed. The first one considers the arbitration clause inoperative and allows the parties to submit their case to the national Courts. The second thesis considers the arbitration clause valid and enforceable; however, this should be subject to adjustments to allow the access to arbitration. This dissertation is structured in four chapters. The first chapter addresses the methodology of research and basic concepts. The second chapter discusses mechanisms to finance the parties in the arbitration as an answer to parties impecuniosity. The third chapter focuses on a comparative research in the answers provided by the German, French and Portuguese Legal Systems to the problem of impecuniosity and arbitration. The final chapter analyzes the effects of impecuniosity and the initiation of arbitration under the Brazilian Law.

Zugl.: Bonn, Universiẗat, Diss., 2007.

Aim: the paper at hand has four aims. Firstly, it examines teachers’ own understanding of the term digital competence. Secondly, a closer look is taken at how teachers assess their own digital competence. For this purpose, the term digital competence was divided into three aspects: technical, didactical and theoretical competences all of which shed a different light on the main term digital competence but are equally important in the implementation of digital competence in successful teaching and as according to the changes made to the Swedish curriculum in 2018. Thirdly, this paper tries to investigate how often digital competence and digital tools and media are implemented in language teaching and fourthly, a look is taken at what digital tools and media are at the teachers’ disposal and how their use is applied. Design/methods/ approach: Empirical study made with the help of an online questionnaire which was sent do different secondary schools in Sweden inviting language teachers to participate. The answers given in the survey are analysed and quantitatively and qualitatively presented. The results found are discussed and compared with other recent literature and research papers in the field of ICT and digital competence in teaching. Findings: according to the results, the author of this paper found that the teachers who participated in this study have a very varied understanding of the term digital competence. The definitions given reflect the terms complexity and the individual relations to the term itself and what importance is given to the digital tools and media associated. When asked to assess their own digital competences, which were divided into technical, didactical and theoretical digital competences, the participating teachers gave their own competences a generally high rating. Nevertheless, differences can be noted and the assessment, although generally high for all the competences involved, does show a falling curve in which the participants rate their technical digital competence at the highest and their theoretical digital competence at the lowest. According to the results analysed, digital tools and media are implemented in teaching on a regular and even daily basis and teachers generally have a broad variety of tools and media at their disposal. However, the study shows that the frequent use of these tools does not seem to have had an impact or changed the basic way they are applied in language teaching. A comparison with earlier studies and literature shows that a lack of methods may be the reason for the stagnation of development in this field.

Zugl.: Kassel, Universiẗat, Diss., 2007 u.d.T.: Mogge, Sabine: Das Kasseler BioMath-Projekt.

Zugl.: Magdeburg, Univ., Diss., 2007 u.d.T.: Seidel, Kristin: Social intelligence and auditory intelligence

Univ., Dipl.-Arb.--Hamburg.

Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Diss., 2005