The thesis is focused on the nature of market environment of selected commodity – pork meat, especially on the impact on developmental trends in the Czech Republic. It describes the development on domestic market with pork meat as well as the development on foreign market of European Union countries, in terms of demand and supply. The thesis is focused also on price formation in pork meat commodity vertical and competitiveness of Czech producers of pork meat on common market. The thesis analyses the business sphere and market concentration of meat-processing plants and slaughterhouses in the Czech Republic, when it refers to the largest domestic market players. The conclusion of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of price transmission in terms of the position of agricultural primary producers, industrial processors and final chains on the Czech market based on monthly prices of pork roast with bone and boneless pork leg.

This diploma thesis deals with the quality of ejaculate of shepherd dog breeds. In the first part we will classify shephed dogs within the FCI organization and we will approach the breeds that we assess in this work. We will describe the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the reproductive organ of male dog, its ejaculate, ejaculation, semen and their development. We will also learn about the possibilities of dog ejaculate collection. In the main section we will deal with the evaluation of the ejaculate and we will focus on the macroscopic and microscopic examination of fresh ejaculate. In the course of the work, 100 ejaculates from 28 dogs belonging to I. FCI group will be evaluated, each dog will be taken twice to four times and one shot will be made from each sampling. The dogs will be divided into groups according to age, breed, stabling and feeding, and the examined parameters of the quality of the ejaculate will be discussed and compared. In terms of the monitored indicators, a highly statistically significant effect (P is less than or equal 0.01) of the order of collection on the volume of ejaculate obtained will be demonstrated. A statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.05) between the first and the second sampling will be found in the evaluation of the effect of the order of collection during one day. The second volume will be found to be lower than the first one. It will be also shown that this value is affected by the age of the dog. According to our research, breed type and age of the dog causes a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0,05) for sperm activity. The order of collection and stabling have a lesser influence on this indicator and the feed represents a negligible factor. Concerning the sperm concentration in the ejaculate, we will demonstrate a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.01) between the age groups of the dogs and the type of their accommodation. We will find a statistically significant difference (P is less than or equal 0.05) in the order of sampling. The factors of breed type and feed will have minimal influence in this case. We will not prove a statistical difference in the influence of the studied factors on color and odor, and we will be able to assert that these factors have negligible influence on these values. As for the qualitative sperm indicators, we will focus on the percentage of altered heads, connecting parts, flagella, degenerate and immature sperm. Concerning the values, we will conclude that the breed type, the age and, in the case of immature sperm, the order of collection have the most important influence on these parameters.

The principle of concentration in civil proceedings The principle of concentration, as one of the basic sectoral principles, manifests itself in civil proceedings in such a way that the proceedings themselves are made up of specific stages, in which it is always necessary to perform the acts for which the stage is intended. Procedural actions are thus concentrated. This means for the parties to the dispute that, at a particular stage of the proceedings, they must carry out all the procedural steps for which that stage is intended, under the result of preclusion. The purpose of this factual and evidentiary "stopstate" is to guarantee prompt and effective judicial protection of the subjective private rights of the party under § 6 o. s. ř. and to hear and decide the case without undue delay and respect constitutional right to a fair trial. In the current wording of the o. s. ř. we have a number of elements of concentration introduced by a major amendment and a comprehensive amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure. However, the way in which they were implemented by the legislator did not always lead to the perfection. The adjustment of the concentration is often inconsistent, rigid, creates inequalities between the plaintiff and the defendant and can, paradoxically, lead to delays in the proceedings. The aim...

Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Dagmar Dolinská Supervisor: PharmDr. Ondřej Janďourek, Ph.D. Work title: Advanced methods for testing antimicrobial activity Goal: The aim of the work in the theoretical part was to summarize methods of antimicrobial screening focusing on antimycotics and in the practical part to evaluate the antifungal activity of 47 tested substances using the microdilution broth method. Methods: The substances were tested using quantitative microdilution broth method on eight strains of yeast and fibrous fungi. These were Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Absidia corymbifera and Trichophyton interdigitale. Results: The highest antimycotic activity was demonstrated by compound Ac-0a, where we recorded after 24 hours of incubation activity against all eight strains. However, it was not able to stop the growth of three strains after 48 hours of incubation, the strains concerned were Candida parapsilosis, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. Other samples which have shown activity were Cl-2, where activity was observed for Candida krusei, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton interdigitale strains, Cl-3 for...

Fish and crayfish are widely used as biological monitors of environmental levels of anthropogenic pollutants. The present thesis is a contribution to the assessment of the toxicity and effects of long-term effect of triazines on the different developmental stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and adult red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). The carp was selected as a model fish due to its economic importance, e.g. carp farming contributes about 90% to total fish production in the Czech Republic. Crayfish are easily identified species representing given locality, they are widespread, and they provide a sufficient amount of tissue for individual biochemical and chemical analyses. The results of these studies provide further data on chronic exposure to triazines for consideration in risk assessment. We selected three active substances of triazine herbicides which are the most frequently detected in surface waters such as prometryne, simazine and terbutryn. The findings contribute to knowledge of the toxic potential of triazine herbicides to carp and crayfish at environmentally relevant concentrations in Czech rivers. There is a scarcity of information regarding the toxicity of triazines on freshwater organisms. During the tests we monitored several parameters: behaviour, mortality, biometric, haematological, biochemical blood, histopathology, oxidative stress and antioxidants. The data obtained from all tests performed during my thesis are very valuable for assessment and evaluation of long-term effects xenobiotics on aquatic organisms, especially fish and crayfish. In the future, I would extend the focus of my research for study of possible synergic or amplifying effect of mixtures triazines with other xenobiotics which are often found in the aquatic environment. This approach is recently accented as the aquatic environment is polluted by mixtures of different compounds. Therefore, more research is needed in order to clarify the more detailed effects of xenobiotics on non-target aquatic organisms.

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of thesis: Evalution of activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method III Autor of thesis: Alena Zavřelová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this thesis, due to the growing incidence of fungal diseases and the growing incidence of resistance, was to determine the activity of potentially antimycotic active substances. We tested newly synthesized compoused, structurally based on the substance of pyrazinamide which is significant antituberculotic. Methods: Testing of substances was carried out using a broth microdilution method on eight strains of pathogenic fungi consisting of five yeast strains: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon asahii and three strains of filamentous fungi: Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Results: From the range of tested concentrations and from the total number of the thirty tested substances, the most noticeable antifungal aktivity was revealed in the substance of 5-methyl-6-(2-phenylhydrazinyl)pyrazine-2,3- dicarbonitrile. All strains, except Trichophyton mentagrophytes strain, showed a relatively...

Aims: To confirm the correlation between the ability to focus attention on vaginal sensations during penile-vaginal intercourse and the consistency of vaginal orgasm (Brody & Weiss, 2010) in our sample. To create a psychological method which would help women to improve their ability to focus the attention on vaginal sensations during PVI. The core of the method consists of mindfulness-based techniques and the Kegel exercise. In the next step we empirically verify the effectivity of such training. Based on the previous findings (Brody & Weiss, 2010) we hypothesized that the improvement in ablity to focus attention on vaginal sensations would result in higher VO consistency, higher satisfaction with partner sexuality and in gaining the ability to reach VO in women who had never experienced it. Methods: The vast majority of the study is based on the methods of quantitative statistics. The sample of 96 women (experimental group N=44, control group N=52) daily filled out a questionnaire on sexual behaviour for thirty days before and another 30 days after the training. We received the complete data from 80 probands. The whole sample also provided the data concerning lifetime sexual experience. The experimental group took part in the training which consisted of four 35minut sessions in a week interval....

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of biological and medical sciences Study program: Pharmacy Autor: Klára Kopečná Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Konečná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potencional antibiotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method II Background: To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the compounds synthesized by the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug control, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague under the leadership of prof. PharmDr. Martin Doležal, Ph.D. Methods: Using broth microdilution method was tested antibacterial activity at eight bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus methicilin resistant, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus sp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL positive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: Test substances were divided into 5 groups according to similarities in the chemical structure. The best antibacterial activity was observed in the group of derivatives of N-benzyl- 6-(alkylamino)pyrazine-2-carboxamide. Conclusion: Antibacterial activity was detected in 10 of 24 tested compounds. From active substances, all but one danced only Gram-positive bacteria. Among...

FINANCIAL GEOGRAPHY - AN APPLICATION OF SELECTED CONCEPTS IN TERMS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC Abstract The aim of the thesis is to analyse the main trends of banking system in Czech Republic after 1989. It is primarily an analysis of centralised banking system, on the basis of which the potential regional impacts according to theory of regional segmentation of fiancial markets are tested. Based on the analysis of changes in the distribution of bank headquarters and the analysis of employment in financial sector it is clear, that in terms of the Czech Republic a highly concentrated banking system occured, which is moreover under the strong inluence of foreign capital. The study focused on testing the regional impacts of a centralized system through interviews with business owners in the peripheral region has not proved allegation of discrimination of entrepreneurs in such manner as we would expect according to the theory of regional segmentation of financial markets. However the study showed some problems with providing guarantees for bank loans in the periphery.

The principle of concentration as one of the fundamental branch principles of civil proceedings consists in the obligation of the parties to perform certain procedural actions in specific stages of adversarial proceedings in order to speed up the proceedings and the decision of the court. Its purpose is to avoid delays in proceedings and provide effective judicial protection of subjective private rights of the parties. This principle plays an important role in Czech civil law. At the same time, some elements of the statutory concentration, which apply in the Czech legal system, are connected with certain problematic aspects. These particularly include rigidity of statutory concentration associated with the absence of the possibility of court's flexible actions and the anchor of fictitious judgment by acknowledgement as a consequence of the defendant's procedural passivity. The main goal set out by the author of this piece of work is to introduce individual elements of concentration in the Czech law, analyze their shortcomings, and propose some possible solutions through comparison with the Slovak adjustment mechanism of concentration. In the first part, the author analyzed the individual elements of concentration in the current applicable Czech legislation and put them in historical context. The author...