This thesis deals with the software development to calibration and interpretation of image data measured by a LEEM device. As the imaging technique is uniquely suited for in-situ studies of surface dynamical processes, the attention is mainly paid to methods enabling the evaluation of measurement time series. The phase correlation method based on Fourier transform of images is proposed to temperature shift correction between consecutive frames. The thesis describes the methods of additive and impulse noise filtering, image visualization, the filtration of secondary electrons and the determination of I-V curves from measured image data. Implemented methods are described not only in terms of their mathematical origin, but also with emphasis on the revealing of critical aspects associated with their use. The thesis also focuses on the application of the created algorithm to image data capturing the spatial and temporal evolution of 4,4’-biphenyl-dicarboxylic acid surface phases induced by sample annealing. Based on these evaluations, a suitable procedure is then determined to perform accurate detection and compensation of temperature shift said.

The paper discusses a possibility of localization of a sound source inside a wooden beam. The method is based on measuring signals from two microphones, assuming the sound source lies between the microphones. The position of the sound source is calculated from the delay between the signals. The calculation of the delay is done by correlation of the signals in the frequency range. ARM architecture microcontroller is used to for the calculations.

This thesis deals with the evaluation forms using optical character recognition. Image processing and methods used for OCR is described in the first part of thesis. In the practical part is created database of sample characters. The chosen method is based on correlation between patterns and recognized characters. The program is designed in a graphical environment MATLAB. Finally, several forms are evaluated and success rate of the proposed program is detected.

Graduation these deals with investigation of critical heat flux in pressurized water nuclear reactors. Theoretical part covers fundamental terms from area hydrodynamics of two-phase flow and critical heat flux. Here are also mentioned the individual approaches to description of physical process of heat transfer crisis. Practical part is devoted to systems design of measuring stand for critical heat flux in vertical canal allowing visualization of two-phase flow.

Epileptic disease is connected with change in activity of neuronal clusters. Brain connectivity analysis deals with statistic interdependencies between different neuronal centres. Earlier studies show that changes in connectivity can be seen near primary epileptic site. What is changing connectivity and its characteristic in interictal recordings are yet to be fully known. In this thesis are analyzed data from intracranial EEG electrodes, positioned in and neighboring areas of epileptic site. Changes in connectivity of epileptic site and its surroundings are observed by nonlinear correlation method. Decrease in connectivity of epileptic site during slow wave sleep was detected on frequencies above 80 Hz. Reduced connectivity was measured on the border of epileptic zone and normal tissue. Observed features are accentuated during sleep. It was also found out that connectivity at the border of epileptic zone apears to have nonlinear property. The results show that physiological processes during sleep are influencing connectivity near epileptic site and decrease in connectivity may be related to nonlinear dependence of neuronal activity at the border of epileptic zone. This study confirms hypothesis of the earlier studies and reveals new facts about connectivity of epileptic site from the perspective of nonlinear processes. Consequent study based on this findings might lead to more precise delineation of epileptic site and to better understanding of processes, which are causing epileptic fits.

The Human brain consists of mutually connected neuronal populations that build anatomically and functionally separated structures. To understand human brain activity and connectivity, it is crucial to describe how these structures are connected and how information is spread. Commonly used methods often work with data from scalp EEG, with a limited number of contacts, and are incapable of observing dynamic changes during cognitive processes or different behavioural states. In addition, connectivity studies almost never analyse pathological parts of the brain, which can have a crucial impact on pathology research and treatment. The aim of this work is connectivity analysis and its evolution in time during cognitive tasks using data from intracranial EEG. Physiological processes in cognitive stimulation and the local connectivity of pathology in the epileptic brain during wake and sleep were analysed. The results provide new insight into human brain physiology research. This was achieved by an innovative approach which combines connectivity methods with EEG spectral power calculation. The second part of this work focuses on seizure onset zone (SOZ) connectivity in the epileptic brain. The results describe the functional isolation of the SOZ from the surrounding tissue, which may contribute to clinical research and epilepsy treatment.

In this thesis, we summarize the material-specific theories of strongly correlated systems and apply them to selected materials. We describe and apply the corre- lated band theory methods: the local density approximation plus Coulomb U, and the density functional theory plus exact diagonalization of single impurity An- derson model. First, we investigate the systems containing impurity atoms: cobalt impurity located in the bulk copper and samarium, and neodymium adatoms on the surface of graphene. We present the spectral densities and study the magnetism of those compounds. Afterwards, we analyze three Np-based compounds: NpPt2In7, Np2Ni17 and NpBC. For all three compounds we analyze the spin, orbital and to- tal magnetic moments and the total density of states, as well as its projections for selected orbitals and spins. Moreover, for NpPt2In7 and NpBC we perform the to- tal energy analysis between different magnetic moment arrangements on the Np atoms.

The full-field optical techniques such as e.g. a digital image correlation are capable to fully reflect the natural wood heterogeneity. Therefore, this thesis aspires to contribute to the experimental mechanics of wood and wood-based composites by the implementation of the full-field optical technique based on the digital image correlation to the standard mechanical tests. A supplementation of the conventional displacement sensors should help to obtain more precise mechanical characteristics and to do more sophisticated analyses of the deformation behaviour of wood and wood-based composites. The experimental part of the thesis is divided into the five independent case studies listed as the original papers. The measurements were carried out on the most wide-spread wood species in central Europe such as European beech (Fagus sylvatica, L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies, L. Karst). Beside the solid wood, the new wood-based sandwich structure, which consists of a core made from birch plywood and the particleboard facings, was investigated too. The loading of the samples was carried out using of the standard mechanical tests such as tension, compression, three-point bending and torsion test. In the first study, the full-field deformation data were used to indentify reasons for the non-standard deformation behaviour of spruce and beech wood during compression parallel to grain. Reason for this was recognized in the abrubt compression of damage zones located near the compression plates, which induced the expansion of the middle zone located between them. The second study aimed to find out neutral axis position in native and thermally modified beech wood during the conventional three-point bending test. The relative neutral axis position was obtained from mutual position of the neutral axis and centroidal axis, which was determined based on the appropriate image processing methods. It was found that the neutral axis and centroidal sample axis are almost coincident. Objective of the third study was to determine both longitudinal shear moduli of beech wood with help of the full-field shear strains, obtained from a single torsion test, together with use of the appropriate analytical solutions for the calculation of the stress distribution within the radial and tangential direction on the longitudinal-radial and longitudinal-tangential sample surfaces. Both longitudinal shear moduli increasingly mutually differed as the load increases. Within the fourth study, verification of the elastic material model used in finite-element analyses was carried out with help of full-field deformations induced around notches within dog-bone shaped sample during the uniaxial tension. Great correlation was found between numerically predicted and experimentally measured strain data sets for both longitudinal-radial and longitudinal-tangential shear planes. The fifth study dealed with the characterization of elastic deformation behaviour of newly developed wood-based composite with a sandwich structure. Based on the full-field strain analysis the local strain concentrations were identified. They took place within the core during flatwise compression, and within the facings, when the edgewise compression test was done. A variety of presented results confirmed widespread applicability of optical methods in the mechanics of materials. Therefore, the utilization of full-field optical method based on digital image correlation in experimental mechanics of wood and wood-based composites can be highly recommended.

The main goal of the diploma thesis is to analyze the development of commodity prices affecting the prices of materials and to prove their impact on the materials. The monitored materials were selected to represent the widest possible range of the construction market. The final result of the work is the prediction of the price of reference object for the next five years.

Traditional statistical analysis starts with computing the basic statisti- cal characteristics such as the population mean E, population variance V , cova- riance and correlation. In computing these characteristics, it is usually assumed that the corresponding data values are known exactly. In real life there are many situations in which a more complete information can be achieved by describing a set of statistical units in terms of interval data. For example, daily tempera- tures registered as minimum and maximum values offer a more realistic view on the weather conditions variations with respect to the simple average values. In environmental analysis, we observe a pollution level x(t) in a lake at different mo- ments of time t, and we would like to estimate standard statistical characteristics such as mean, variance and correlation with other measurements. Another exam- ple can be given by financial series. The minimum and the maximum transaction prices recorded daily for a set of stocks represent a more relevant information for experts in order to evaluate the stocks tendency and volatility in the same day. We must therefore modify the existing statistical algorithms to process such interval data. In this work we will analyze algorithms and their modifications for computing various statistics under...