This diploma thesis tries to find the most suitable optical system for measuring deformation displacements on the surfaces of bodies. The first chapter describes the systems and methods that will be used. The second chapter is devoted to the design of the experiment. It describes the preparation of the experiment from the point of view of software and hardware and what are the important preliminary preparations. The last chapter contains the results of experiments and evaluation of the systems.

This thesis deals with measurement of residual stress by hole drilling method. This method is based on drilling a hole and measurement of deformation in the area around this hole. Measured deformations are then converted to residual stresses by using calibration coefficients. The deformation around the drilled hole is measured by optical non contact method called digital image correlation (DIC). First part of the thesis is focused on current state of research. The thesis contains evaluation of residual stresses by using different methods and evaluation of used methods.

This thesis is considering with network traffic analysis and prediction of real networks default services. The first part of this paper is containing the theoretical explanation of the mathematical model’s needs. These models are mainly used as a part of simulation algorithms which are describing the processes of network traffic simulations. The second part is describing the process how to apply the models to mathematically analyze the captured traffic. The capture is including all kind of packet types which can appear on the real network. At the last part of the thesis is described the detailed design of the prediction algorithm’s which are developed in programing language of Matlab® Mathworks®.

This master thesis deals with retinal image registration using phase correlation technique. There are described properties of retinal images and modality of scanning. A geometrical transformation encompasing scale, rotation and translation between two retinal images is considered and the whole registration framework is described. There are used retinal images from fundus camera and scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). In this thesis is described corresponding bifurcations detection using phase correlation and registration using second-order polynomial transformation. The results are subjectively and objectively verificated.

The scope of this work is to map both conventional and less conventional methods of signal detection in the radio channel, computer simulation of selected methods and subsequent implementation selected method (algorithm) to FPGA chip.

This work deals with object speed measuring using image analysis method. The reader will become familiar with a mathematical theory upon which the method is based. The mathematical algorithm for obtaining the speed of a given object is illustrated. Furthermore, an original computer program has been developed and the results of real measuring are shown.

Tato práce se zabývá použitím fázové korelace k určení vzájemné rotace, změny měřítka a posunu mezi digitálními obrazy. Fázová korelace je založena na Fourierově transformaci, proto je popsána Fourierova transformace funkcí definovaných na R^2 i diskrétní Fourierova transformace funkcí definovaných na konečném počtu bodů {0, 1, ... , N-1}^2, kde N je přirozené číslo. Dále je pozornost věnována modifikacím fázové korelace, díky nimž metoda umožňuje nalezení parametrů podobnostní transformace i mezi obrazy, které mají vysoký dynamický rozsah a slabě patrné struktury, obsahují aditivní nebo impulzní šum a jsou pořízeny pomocí různých snímačů a optických soustav. Obsahem práce jsou i modifikace metody pro snímky sluneční koróny pořízené během úplných zatmění Slunce, což patří mezi nejobtížnější úlohy registrace obrazů.

Title: U in metastable systems: structure, magnetism, and superconductivity Author: Volodymyr Buturlim Department / Institute: Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: Doc. RNDr. Ladislav Havela, CSc., Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, The Czech Republic Abstract: This thesis presents studies of U-Nb and U-Ti alloys and hydrides synthesized via different technological paths. Investigation of the microstructure of the alloys with different concentrations of Ti (Nb) allowed to find the optimum setting for stabilization of the metastable bcc U allotrope. Ultra-fast cooling accompanied by alloying leads to retention of materials with high degree of atomic disorder apparent from the studies of their transport properties. The alloys exhibit a weakly paramagnetic ground state and low-temperature superconductivity, the critical temperature of which has only moderate variations with Ti (Nb) concentrations and which has very high upper critical fields. Interaction with hydrogen allows to stabilize two distinctive forms of hydride: β-UH3 and UTi2Hx. β-UH3 alloyed by Ti (Nb) orders ferromagnetically with transition temperatures exceeding 170 K, weakly influenced...

The Standard Model of elementary particles (SM) predicts the existence of a neutral scalar Higgs boson. However, there are also extensions of the SM (such as the MSSM) in which a number of Higgs bosons is predicted. Especially the additional presence of pseudoscalar and charged Higgs bosons represents one of the crucial differences between the SM and its exten- sions. This work develops a method for determination of the spin and parity of the Higgs boson in several H → ττ decays, namely: H→ τ+ τ− → (h+ ντ )(h− ¯ντ ), H→ τ+ τ− → ( + ντ ¯ν )(π− ¯ντ ) and H→ τ+ τ− → ( + ντ ¯ν )( − ¯ντ ν ), where h denotes π or ρ meson. The method is based on the angular and energy correlations of charged final products from the decays mentioned above. Additionally, the work studies the possibility of signal (Higgs boson decay) and background (Z → ττ decay) discrimination, when one considers a decaying boson with spin 1. All calcula- tions are done in the leading order of perturbation theory. 1

The diploma thesis is fucused on scanning deformations of wood which has high value of humidity and defects in its structure. The experiment was carried out on standard trial corpuscles. Beech, oak and poplar were chosen as experimental timber species. The influence of high humidity and defects on mechanic qualities and deformations on this tiber species was examined and studied. The aim of thesis is to find out mutual difference and compare the results between defornations measured by standardly used conventional methods and contactless digital image correlation (DIC) and also verify of application of this optical method. The thesis includes also numerical model.