Diss. Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005.

Bakgrund: Dysmorfofobi har uppmärksammats mer den senaste tiden, trots detta är området outforskat och okunskap hos sjuksköterskan kan leda till ohälsa hos dessa patienter. Dysmorfofobi kännetecknas av överdriven upptagenhet av utseendet där patienter som besväras av dysmorfofobi ofta söker kosmetisk kirurgi för att förbättra utseendet. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa hur hälsan påverkas hos patienter som lever med dysmorfofobi i samband med kosmetisk kirurgi. Metod: Studien utfördes som en litteraturstudie med induktiv ansats där åtta resultatartiklar med kvantitativ metod analyserades med stöd av innehållsanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier framkom ur analysen: avsaknad av hälsa i samband med kosmetisk kirurgi med en underkategori, samt resultat av kosmetisk kirurgi med två underkategorier. Patienter med dysmorfofoba symtom som söker kosmetisk kirurgi tenderade att uppleva avsaknad av hälsa, där vissa patienter upplevde förbättring av symtom och därmed hälsa postoperativt medan andra ej upplevde förbättring av symtom. Konklusion: Avsaknad av hälsa förekom hos patienter som sökte kosmetisk kirurgi som behandling och visades ha olika resultat beroende på vilken grad av dysmorfofoba symtom patienter visades besitta. Denna kunskap tillsammans med preoperativ screening av dysmorfofobi skulle kunna underlätta för sjuksköterskan att främja hälsan på bästa sätt för dessa patienter. / Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has received more attention lately. Despite this, the subject is unexplored and ignorance among nurses can lead to health problems in these patients. BDD is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with appearance where these patients often seek cosmetic surgery to correct the appearance. Purpose: To examine how health is affected in patients living with BDD in relation to cosmetic surgery. Method: An inductive approach was used in this literature study where eight articles with quantitative method was used and analyzed through content analyze. Results: Two categories emerged from the analyze: lack of health in relation to cosmetic surgery with one subcategory and outcomes of cosmetic surgery with two subcategories. Patients with BDD symptoms seeking cosmetic surgery tended to experience lack of health where some patients improved symptoms and thus health after surgery, while others did not experience improvement. Conclusion: Lack of health occurred in patients seeking cosmetic surgery as treatment and had different outcomes depending on the degree of BDD symptoms patients showed. This insight along with preoperative screening of BDD could make it easier for nurses to promote beneficial health of these patients.

Consumption of surgical and non-surgical cosmetic procedures are increasing every year and are consumed by women to a far greater extent than by men. To bear the role of an influencer has also become increasingly common. When influencers post on their social media, they reach out to a large audience with the intention of  influencing their followers to consume the goods or services that they share. Since consumption of beauty procedures has increased in Sweden and continues to increase, we want to investigate whether influencers convey messages about consuming beauty procedures. The aim of the study is to analyze Swedish female influencer's opinions and arguments about the consumption of surgical and nonsurgical beauty procedures. To fulfill the aim of the study, the following questions will be answered: what opinions and arguments about the appearance and consumption of beauty procedures do influencers express? and What norms and values are visible in influencer's opinions and arguments? In total, 14 YouTube videos and 10 Swedish female influencers were examined. The women's ages range from 18 to 35 years old. The phenomenon was studied through netnography because influencers are very much active online and do sometimes share their opinions about beauty procedures online. The theories and concepts we analyze and interpret our empirical material with is Bauman’s (2008) theory of consumer society, Bordo’s (1993) view of feminism, western culture and the body and Cooley’s (1902) concept the looking-glass self. The findings showed that there were five values and norms that the influencers in our survey expressed, these were: believing the human being to be autonomous, women need to look a certain way to be accepted as beautiful, beauty procedures lead to happiness, the body should be subjected to examination, evaluation, modification and objectification, that beauty procedures should not be taken very seriously but instead accepted as an everyday practice.