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Showing 1 to 10 of 11 (0.02 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"lava"" "subject:"lama""
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Coexistence of wi-fi and LAA-LTE in unlicensed spectrumJian, Yubing 07 January 2016 (has links)
The global mobile data usage has grown nearly 70\% annually in recent years. The huge mobile data usage requirement drives the mobile industry to brace the formidable challenge and invent next-generation mobile technologies. LTE, as a successful cellular technology, has gained tremendous importance in recent years due to its high data-rates and improved data access method for mobile devices. Even though LTE still may not be able to meet the mobile data challenge due to current spectrum scarcity in licensed bands. Thus, cellular network faces serious challenges to provide high performance mobile service to end users in the near future.
In order to sustain the possible increase in mobile capacity demand, utilizing the unlicensed band as a supplementary band for LTE is being considered as a promising solution to expand the capacity of mobile systems. Based on the innovation of carrier aggregation, 3GPP has approved a study item on LAA-LTE, which will assist LTE by offloading mobile data in unlicensed band. Thus, LAA-LTE will operate in the spectrum that overlaps with WiFi, which is another popular unlicensed band technology. The concern is that LAA-LTE and WiFi are unlikely to have mechanisms to directly coordinate with each other, considering different core networks, backhauls and deployment plans of LAA-LTE and WiFi networks.
The overarching goal of my research is to investigate the following two aspects: 1) Investigate how LTE will impact on WiFi using experimental analysis when both of them share the same channel, 2) Develop a possible coexistence algorithm to trigger the coexistence between LAA-LTE and WiFi in unlicensed band.
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CaracterizaÃÃo de lectinas de leguminosas por espectrometria de massa / Caracterizaton of Legume lectins by Mass SpectrometryRafael da ConceiÃÃo SimÃes 18 February 2011 (has links)
FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Mass spectrometry is a technique widely used in all prod
uctive sectors. Since the
late '80s with the emergence of soft ionization techniques, mass spectrometry has
been widely disseminated in the analysis of biopolymers
such as fatty acids, nucleic acids, oligosaccharides and especially proteins. Lectins are
proteins of nonimmune origin that have at least one specific and reversible binding carbohydrate domain, without the ability to modify them. These proteins are widely distributed in nature.
Lectins isolated from seeds of legumes are among the most studied and have high
homology degree, being an important molecular marker of evolution in this clade.
This study aimed to characterize some legume lectins by m
ass spectrometry. Lectin EVA and LAA with 240 and 237 amino acid residues respectively, were analyzed for
native mass and sequence of amino acids determined, showing a high degree of
homology with other legume lectins. Lectin ConGF, a ConA-like, was analyzed for
protein content in the crystal. Was determined that bot
h mature chain and proteolytic fragments are present to form crystal, which indicates no difference between the chains structure covalently linked together by weak interactions. The partial
sequence shows that ConGF has several structural features within the subtribe
Diocleinae. All results demonstrate that mass spectrometry is a versatile and robust
tool for characterizing proteins and can be successfully used to obtain structural
information of lectins. / A espectrometria de massa à uma tÃcnica amplamente utilizada em todos os setores produtivos. Desde o final dos anos 80 com o surgimento de tÃcnicas de ionizaÃÃo brandas, a espectrometria de massa vem sendo amplamente difundida na anÃlise de biopolÃmeros como Ãcidos graxos, Ãcidos nuclÃicos, oligossacarÃdeos e principalmente proteÃnas. Lectinas sÃo proteÃnas de origem nÃo imune que possuem pelo menos um domÃnio de ligaÃÃo especÃfica e reversÃvel a carboidratos, sem a capacidade de modificÃ-los. Estas proteÃnas sÃo amplamente distribuÃdas na natureza. As lectinas isoladas de sementes de leguminosas estÃo entre as mais estudadas e possuem alta homologia, sendo importantes marcadores moleculares da evoluÃÃo dentro desta famÃlia vegetal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar lectinas da famÃlia Leguminosae atravÃs de espectrometria de massa. As lectinas de Erythrina velutina (EVA) e Luetzelburgia auriculata (LAA) com 240 e 237 resÃduos de aminoÃcidos respectivamente foram analisadas quanto a massa molecular nativa e foi determinada a sequencia de aminoÃcidos. As estruturas primÃrias mostraram alto grau de homologia com outras lectinas de leguminosas. A lectina ConGF, uma ConA-Like, foi analisada quanto ao conteÃdo protÃico do cristal. O cristal està composto da cadeia madura alfa e seus os fragmentos proteolÃticos, o que indica nÃo haver diferenÃa entre a estrutura ligada covalentemente e as cadeias unidas por interaÃÃes fracas. A sequÃncia parcial demonstra que ConGF possui caracterÃsticas estruturais da subtribo Diocleinae. Todos os resultados demonstram que a tÃcnica de espectrometria de massa à uma ferramenta versÃtil e robusta para caracterizaÃÃo de proteÃnas e pode ser usada com sucesso para obtenÃÃo de informaÃÃes estruturais de lectinas.
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Caracterização de lectinas de leguminosas por espectrometria de massa / Caracterizaton of Legume lectins by Mass SpectrometrySimões, Rafael da Conceição January 2011 (has links)
SIMÕES, Rafael da Conceição. Caracterização de lectinas de leguminosas por espectrometria de massa. 2011. 91 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Bioquímica) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by Eric Santiago (erichhcl@gmail.com) on 2016-06-29T13:14:44Z
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Previous issue date: 2011 / Mass spectrometry is a technique widely used in all prod uctive sectors. Since the late '80s with the emergence of soft ionization techniques, mass spectrometry has been widely disseminated in the analysis of biopolymers such as fatty acids, nucleic acids, oligosaccharides and especially proteins. Lectins are proteins of nonimmune origin that have at least one specific and reversible binding carbohydrate domain, without the ability to modify them. These proteins are widely distributed in nature. Lectins isolated from seeds of legumes are among the most studied and have high homology degree, being an important molecular marker of evolution in this clade. This study aimed to characterize some legume lectins by m ass spectrometry. Lectin EVA and LAA with 240 and 237 amino acid residues respectively, were analyzed for native mass and sequence of amino acids determined, showing a high degree of homology with other legume lectins. Lectin ConGF, a ConA-like, was analyzed for protein content in the crystal. Was determined that bot h mature chain and proteolytic fragments are present to form crystal, which indicates no difference between the chains structure covalently linked together by weak interactions. The partial sequence shows that ConGF has several structural features within the subtribe Diocleinae. All results demonstrate that mass spectrometry is a versatile and robust tool for characterizing proteins and can be successfully used to obtain structural information of lectins. / A espectrometria de massa é uma técnica amplamente utilizada em todos os setores produtivos. Desde o final dos anos 80 com o surgimento de técnicas de ionização brandas, a espectrometria de massa vem sendo amplamente difundida na análise de biopolímeros como ácidos graxos, ácidos nucléicos, oligossacarídeos e principalmente proteínas. Lectinas são proteínas de origem não imune que possuem pelo menos um domínio de ligação específica e reversível a carboidratos, sem a capacidade de modificá-los. Estas proteínas são amplamente distribuídas na natureza. As lectinas isoladas de sementes de leguminosas estão entre as mais estudadas e possuem alta homologia, sendo importantes marcadores moleculares da evolução dentro desta família vegetal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar lectinas da família Leguminosae através de espectrometria de massa. As lectinas de Erythrina velutina (EVA) e Luetzelburgia auriculata (LAA) com 240 e 237 resíduos de aminoácidos respectivamente foram analisadas quanto a massa molecular nativa e foi determinada a sequencia de aminoácidos. As estruturas primárias mostraram alto grau de homologia com outras lectinas de leguminosas. A lectina ConGF, uma ConA-Like, foi analisada quanto ao conteúdo protéico do cristal. O cristal está composto da cadeia madura alfa e seus os fragmentos proteolíticos, o que indica não haver diferença entre a estrutura ligada covalentemente e as cadeias unidas por interações fracas. A sequência parcial demonstra que ConGF possui características estruturais da subtribo Diocleinae. Todos os resultados demonstram que a técnica de espectrometria de massa é uma ferramenta versátil e robusta para caracterização de proteínas e pode ser usada com sucesso para obtenção de informações estruturais de lectinas.
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WiFi and LTE Coexistence in the Unlicensed SpectrumRupasinghe, Nadisanka 26 March 2015 (has links)
Today, smart-phones have revolutionized wireless communication industry towards an era of mobile data. To cater for the ever increasing data traffic demand, it is of utmost importance to have more spectrum resources whereby sharing under-utilized spectrum bands is an effective solution. In particular, the 4G broadband Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology and its foreseen 5G successor will benefit immensely if their operation can be extended to the under-utilized unlicensed spectrum. In this thesis, first we analyze WiFi 802.11n and LTE coexistence performance in the unlicensed spectrum considering multi-layer cell layouts through system level simulations. We consider a time division duplexing (TDD)-LTE system with an FTP traffic model for performance evaluation. Simulation results show that WiFi performance is more vulnerable to LTE interference, while LTE performance is degraded only slightly. Based on the initial findings, we propose a Q-Learning based dynamic duty cycle selection technique for configuring LTE transmission gaps, so that a satisfactory throughput is maintained both for LTE and WiFi systems. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can enhance the overall capacity performance by 19% and WiFi capacity performance by 77%, hence enabling effective coexistence of LTE and WiFi systems in the unlicensed band.
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Integration of dynamic and functionnal patien-specific 3D models in support of interventional electrophysiological procedures / Intégration de modèles dynamiques et fonctionels spécifiques au patient en support de procedures d’électrophysiologie interventionelleWielandts, Jean-Yves 27 September 2016 (has links)
Vu le caractère non-invasif des procédures d’électrophysiologie interventionnelle, la visualisation de régions anatomiques d'intérêt et une orientation adéquate en cours de procédure sont nécessaires. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier, d'optimiser et d'étendre l’utilisation des modalités d'imagerie radiographique. La dose de radiation effective (ED) est calculée d’une façon spécifique au patient pour l’angiographie rotationnelle 3D (3DRA) et il est démontré qu'en ajustant l’acquisition en 3DRA et en fluoroscopie, une réduction de dose importante est possible sans compromettre la qualité d’image nécessaire à la procédure. Un protocole d'acquisition et post traitement pour obtenir une imagerie dynamique basée sur le 3DRA est présenté,permettant une réduction du bruit d'image et une segmentation d'images automatique. L'extraction d'informations dynamiques, structurelles et fonctionnelles à partir d'images MDCT, relatives à la gestion de la fibrillation auriculaire (FA) est étudiée. La fonction auriculaire globale est examinée et des cartes de mouvement régional et de tissu adipeux épicardique sont produites et liés à la FA à différents stades. Une méthode automatisée est présentée pour mesurer l’orifice de l’appendice auriculaire gauche au long du cycle cardiaque et pour optimiser le déploiement de dispositifs de fermeture. Optimiser l’usage des rayons X, les protocoles d'acquisition et les méthodes de post traitement d’images, permet d’obtenir des informations supplémentaires pertinentes aux procédures d'électrophysiologie interventionnelle depuis les modalités d'imagerie radiographiques sans compromettre la qualité d’image ou le flux de travail procédural. / Due to their non-invasive character, interventional electro physiological procedures require visualisation of anatomical regions of interest and adequate guidance of procedural manoeuvres. The aim of this thesis was to study, optimise and expand the use of radiographic imaging modalities. The first part focuses on the influence of C-arm system image acquisition parameters on radiation dose incurred by the patient. We developed a patient-specific way to calculate effective dose (ED) in 3Drotational angiography (3DRA) and showed in 3DRA and fluoroscopy that by applying adequate protocol adjustments, an important dose reduction could be obtained without compromising necessary image quality. The second part focuses on the development and validation of an acquisition and post-processing protocol for dynamic imaging using 3DRA. This method enables automatic image noise reduction and image segmentation. The third part focuses on the extraction of dynamic,structural and functional information from MDCT images, relevant to management of atrial fibrillation (AF). We studied atrial function and generated maps of regional atrial motion and epicardial adipose tissue and related them to AF burden. We also developed an automated method to measure LA appendage orifice dimensions through out the cardiac cycle to optimise measurements for deployment of closure devices.Overall we demonstrate that by optimising radiation usage, acquisition protocols and image post-processing methods, additional information relevant to interventional electrophysiological procedures can be extracted from radiographic imaging modalities without compromising image quality or procedural workflow.
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Solu??es de coexist?ncia LTE/Wi-Fi em banda n?o licenciadaSantana, Pedro Maia de 07 December 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-12-07 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre a aplica??o de redes
LTE no espectro ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) e seu consequente impacto
sobre tecnologias comumente coexistentes na mesma faixa de frequ?ncia. Inicialmente,
? realizada uma elucida??o te?rica sobre as regulamenta??es que envolvem o uso de
espectro n?o-licenciado. Na sequ?ncia, s?o apresentadas as principais solu??es de
coexist?ncia do LTE nesse meio, destacando-se o mecanismo recentemente padronizado
pelo 3GPP, o LTE-LBT, e tecnologias espec?ficas de empresas pioneiras na ?rea, tais
como a solu??o LTE-DC. Como elemento pr?tico complementar ? investiga??o te?rica
inicial, s?o desenvolvidas an?lises de desempenho das respectivas solu??es utilizando
o simulador ns-3. A novidade do trabalho ? materializada pela apresenta??o de uma
proposta de solu??o para o mecanismo Carrier-Sensing Adaptive Transmission (CSAT).
Essa solu??o, baseada em aprendizado de m?quina, visa melhorar o desempenho conjunto
dos sistemas que coexistem na faixa ISM. Este trabalho tamb?m prop?e uma solu??o de
coexist?ncia do LTE-DC consigo pr?prio a partir de uma abordagem utilizando teoria
dos jogos. Essas solu??es s?o comparada com as solu??es cl?ssicas e o seus ganhos s?o
evidenciado em cen?rios definidos por ?rg?os de padroniza??o mundial. / This work aims to perform a study about the application of LTE networks in
ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) spectrum and its impact over technologies
that communly coexist in the same frequency range. Initially, it?s made a theoretical
elucidation about regulamentations involving the non licensed spectrum usage. In
sequence, it?s presented the main LTE coexistence solutions in this field, highlighting
the recent mechanism standardized by 3GPP, the LTE-LBT, and specific technologies
of pioneering companies in this domain, like LTE-DC solution. As a practical
element complementary to the initial theoretical investigation, it?s developed performance
analyzes of the respective solutions using ns-3 simulator. The novelty of the work is
materialized by the presentation of a solution proposal for the Carrier-Sensing Adaptive
Transmission (CSAT). This solution, based on machine learning, aims to improve the
joint performance of systems that coexist in the ISM band. This work also propose a
solution for LTE-DC self-coexistence by a game theory approach. These solutions are
compared to the classical ones and their gains are evidenced in scenarios defined by global
standardization institutions.
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Lidský faktor v letectví / Human Factor in AviationVaňourek, Jiří January 2009 (has links)
Diploma work includes summary of aeroplanes accidents, incurred by human factor malfunction in general aviation and in ultralight aeroplanes category on Czech Republic territory since year 2000. It analyses accidents enclosures with a view to discover similarities near particular accidents. From ascertained lockworks ared proposal created for possibly steps, how prevent rise of these accidents. Part of this work are also attachments (formularies, etc.).
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Paving the Path of LTE Toward 5G: Physical Layer Assurance and Operation in the Unlicensed SpectrumLabib, Mina Salah Said 28 September 2020 (has links)
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is the fourth generation (4G) wireless communications standard and its evolution is paving the path for the fifth generation (5G) technology. LTE is also considered for supporting public safety networks, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications, and many other applications. Hence, it is critical to ensure that the LTE system performs effectively even in harsh signaling environments. Unfortunately, LTE is vulnerable to intentional interference at the physical layer. We define the term LTE control channel spoofing, which refers to the case when an adversary sets a fake LTE-like base station (evolved NodeB or eNodeB) that transmits a partial or full LTE downlink frame to deceive LTE devices and hinder them from attaching to a real cell. Based on analyzing the initial cell selection process in the LTE specifications, we identify three different level of LTE control channel spoofing. We have built a testbed to demonstrate the feasibility of such an attack. The experimental results show that LTE control channel spoofing can cause permanent denial of service for LTE devices during the cell selection process. We propose effective mitigation techniques to enhance the immunity of LTE systems against all the three forms of LTE control channel spoofing, and ensure that it is secure and available when and where needed.
Moreover, the commercial success of LTE and the resulting growth in mobile data demand have motivated cellular network operators to strive for new innovations. LTE-Unlicensed has been recently proposed to allow cellular network operators to offload some of their data traffic by accessing the unlicensed 5 GHz frequency band. There are three variants of LTE-Unlicensed that have been proposed in the industry. These variants differ in their operational features, but they enhance the capacity of LTE and represent a big milestone in its evolution toward 5G. However, LTE-Unlicensed faces several challenges when operating in the 5 GHz bands, as this spectrum is mainly occupied by Wi-Fi and by various radar systems. Therefore, we analyze the algorithms proposed in the industry for the LTE-Unlicensed and Wi-Fi coexistence, and we develop a new spectrum sharing technique for the coexistence between LTE-Unlicensed and radar systems.
In order to analyze LTE-Unlicensed and Wi-Fi coexistence, we first explain the technical details of each of the three variants of LTE-Unlicensed, and we provide a comparative analysis of them in terms of their operational features. Then we develop an unbiased and objective evaluation of their proposed coexistence mechanisms with Wi-Fi systems, and numerically compare their performance.
In order to emphasize the need for developing a new spectrum sharing technique for the coexistence between LTE-Unlicensed and radar systems, we first present the different regulatory requirements for the 5 GHz unlicensed bands in several world regions, and we perform a comprehensive survey on the different radar types within the 5 GHz sub-bands. Then we develop a novel spectrum sharing technique based on chance-constrained stochastic optimization to allow the LTE-Unlicensed eNodeB to share the spectrum efficiently with a radar system. The optimization problem is formulated to guarantee the minimum performance criteria for the radar operation, and at the same time allows the LTE-Unlicensed eNodeB to control its transmit power to maximize the performance for the serving LTE-Unlicensed device. A mathematical model is used to transform the stochastic optimization problem into a deterministic one, and an exhaustive search is used to solve the resulting optimization problem. Due to the power control mechanism resulting from the proposed algorithm, numerical results show a significant reduction in the protection distance required between the radar and the LTE-Unlicensed network for the two to coexist, as the proposed algorithm can allow the two systems to operate effectively with a protection distance of only 3.95% of the one imposed by the regulations.
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Semi-Automatic Analysis and Visualization of Cardiac 4D Flow CTvan Oosten, Anthony January 2022 (has links)
The data obtained from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of blood flow in the heart is plentiful, and processing this data takes time and the procedure for that is not straightforward. This project aims to develop a tool that can semi-automatically process CFD simulation data, which is based on 4D flow computed tomography (CT) data, with minimal user input. The tool should be able to time efficiently calculate flow parameters from the data, and automatically create overview images of the flow field while doing so, to aid the user's analysis process. The tool is coded using Python programming language, and the Python scripts are inputted to the application ParaView for processing of the simulation data. The tool generates 3 chamber views of the heart by calculating three points from the given patient data, which represent the aortic and mitral valves, and the apex of the heart. A plane is generated that pass through these three points, and the heart is sliced along this plane to visualize 3 chambers of the heart. The camera position is also manipulated to optimize the 3 chamber view. The maximum outflow velocity over the cardiac cycle in the left atrial appendage (LAA) is determined by searching in a time range around the maximum outflow rate of the LAA in a cardiac cycle, and finding the highest velocity value that points away from the LAA in this range. The flow component analysis is calculated in the LAA and left ventricle (LV) by seeding particles in each at the start of the cardiac cycle, and tracking these particles forwards and backwards in time to determine where the particles end up and come from, respectively. By knowing these two aspects, the four different flow components of the blood can be determined in both the LAA and LV. The tool can successfully create 3 chamber views of the heart model from three semi-automatically determined points, at a manipulated camera location. It can also calculate the maximum outflow velocity of the flow field over a cardiac cycle in the LAA, and perform a flow component analysis of the LAA and the LV by tracking particles forwards and backwards in time through a cardiac cycle. The maximum velocity calculation is relatively time efficient and produces results similar to those found manually, yet the output is dependent on the user-defined inputs and processing techniques, and varies between users. The flow component analysis is also time efficient, produces results for the LV that are comparable to pre-existing research, and produces results for the LAA that are comparable to the LVs' results. Although, the extraction process of the LAA sometimes includes part of the left atrium, which impacts the accuracy of the results. After processing each part, the tool creates a single file containing each part's main results for easier analysis of the patient data. In conclusion, the tool is capable of semi-automatically processing CFD simulation data which saves the user time, and it has thus met all the project aims
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The Association of Libarians in colleges of advanced education and the committee of Australian university librarians: The evolution of two higher education library groups, 1958-1997Oakshott, Stephen Craig, School of Information, Library & Archives Studies, UNSW January 1998 (has links)
This thesis examines the history of Commonwealth Government higher education policy in Australia between 1958 and 1997 and its impact on the development of two groups of academic librarians: the Association of Librarians in Colleges in Advanced Education (ALCAE) and the Committee of Australian University Librarians (CAUL). Although university librarians had met occasionally since the late 1920s, it was only in 1965 that a more formal organisation, known as CAUL, was established to facilitate the exchange of ideas and information. ALCAE was set up in 1969 and played an important role helping develop a special concept of library service peculiar to the newly formed College of Advanced Education (CAE) sector. As well as examining the impact of Commonwealth Government higher education policy on ALCAE and CAUL, the thesis also explores the influence of other factors on these two groups, including the range of personalities that comprised them, and their relationship with their parent institutions and with other professional groups and organisations. The study focuses on how higher education policy and these other external and internal factors shaped the functions, aspirations, and internal dynamics of these two groups and how this resulted in each group evolving differently. The author argues that, because of the greater attention given to the special educational role of libraries in the CAE curriculum, the group of college librarians had the opportunity to participate in, and have some influence on, Commonwealth Government statutory bodies responsible for the coordination of policy and the distribution of funding for the CAE sector. The link between ALCAE and formal policy-making processes resulted in a more dynamic group than CAUL, with the university librarians being discouraged by their Vice-Chancellors from having contact with university funding bodies because of the desire of the universities to maintain a greater level of control over their affairs and resist interference from government. The circumstances of each group underwent a reversal over time as ALCAE's effectiveness began to diminish as a result of changes to the CAE sector and as member interest was transferred to other groups and organisations. Conversely, CAUL gradually became a more active group during the 1980s and early 1990s as a result of changes to higher education, the efforts of some university librarians, and changes in membership. This study is based principally on primary source material, with the story of ALCAE and CAUL being told through the use of a combination of original documentation (including minutes of meetings and correspondence) and interviews with members of each group and other key figures.
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