The aim of the thesis is to analyse the new Czech civil law reformed by the new civil codex launched in 2012 and its impact on Czech labour law, especially focusing on different methods of the termination of employment. First Chapter is general and deals with determining relations and definitions that the labour law is based on and the principal chapters are to record of recent changes that have occured in the termination of employment and to state its conclusions.

The thesis is aimed not only to clarify the concept of disabled in the international and Czech law, but mainly on the analysis of the rights granted to such persons. It deals in detail with international legislation in the employment of people with disabilities, different ways of their protection and their application. The development of the Czechoslovak legislation, social policy and the rights of disabled people is described in the second part, as well as a review of existing legislation and possible suggestions for improvement. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the unemployment of people with disabilities in the district Most.

This thesis is concerned with protection of personal data in the labour relations and human resources. The aim of this study is to point out the existence of certain rules of processing personal data in labour relations. A practical view of these rules is supported by definitions and interpretation of basic terms, brief description of legal regulations and an introduction of typical labour-law acts. The crucial chapter, chapter three, is structured into sections which deal with discretions and duties of employers and employees and with staff selection procedure.

The diploma thesis deals with discrimination of women in the labour law, specifically in employment, access to employment and treatment at workplace. The goal of the thesis is to map the legislation of the principles of non-discrimination and equal opportunities in both Czech and European union law systems, another goal is research the reality of application of these rules and principles by the employers in companies operating in the Czech republic. The thesis first summarizes the legislation of these principles in the Czech law system and subsequently in the law system of the European union. Then it contains a practical part with a research made at 15 companies operating in the Czech republic.

Droit du travail et sûreté. Le sujet étonne. Les liens entre les disciplines n’ont pas la force de l’évidence. Ils sont pourtant naturels. Le droit du travail fait naître un rapport de créance entre un salarié et son employeur. La finalité du droit des sûretés est de garantir un rapport de créance. Le lien est même nécessaire. Le rapport de subordination juridique occulte en pratique le rapport d’obligation. Le salarié créancier est en position de faiblesse vis-à-vis de son employeur débiteur. Le législateur percevant le problème a créé le privilège général des salaires, puis le super-privilège et enfin l’AGS. Ces instruments juridiques sont considérés comme le système de garantie de paiement des créances salariales par la majorité de la doctrine travailliste et civiliste. L’analyse du régime juridique de ce tryptique montre cependant son inaptitude à garantir pleinement le paiement des créances salariales. Ce but est pourtant essentiel. Il est de l’essence du travail subordonné que le risque d’entreprise ne pèse pas sur le salarié. Il donc nécessaire d’identifier des sûretés alternatives aptes à éviter ou diminuer ce risque. Cette démarche est délicate. Ni le droit du travail, ni le droit civil ne définissent la notion de sûreté. Il faut donc se référer à la doctrine civiliste qui en possède une vision plurivoque. Mais, pour différentes raisons, ces définitions présentent de nombreux défauts et sont globalement inadaptées à un domaine d’analyse comme le droit du travail. La solution est d’élaborer une définition des sûretés palliant les problèmes de cohérence et d’adéquation susmentionnés. Ceci conduira à proposer une identification pragmatique et réaliste des sûretés en droit du travail. Il reste alors à étudier le régime juridique des sûretés ainsi identifiées. Il s’agit d’analyser dans quelles conditions et situations ces sûretés peuvent contribuer à l’objectif d’amélioration du paiement des créances salariales. Le constat sera plutôt mitigé. Les sûretés nouvellement identifiées sont inaptes à compléter significativement la protection offerte aux salariés par l’entremise du tryptique privilège général-super-privilège-AGS. Elles le peuvent cependant efficacement dans certaines situations précises et spécifiques. Du reste, des changements simples et cohérents du régime juridique de certaines sûretés pourraient améliorer ce constat. / Labour Law and Security Law. Such a subject my startles at first as the links binding these disciplines are not self-explanatory. Yet those links are natural. When Labour Law applies it produces a debt between the employee and his employer. The objective of Security Law is to guaranty a debt relationship. Hence the links binding these disciples are indispensable. The existence of a subordinate relationship between the parties tends to hide the set of obligations that bind them. The employee-creditor is therefore in a posture of weakness towards the employer that owes him a debt. The lawmaker being alive to this problem created the salary’s general preference scheme, then the super-preference and, finally, the AGS. These legal instruments are considered by most common law and Labour Law scholars as constituting the debt of salary (payment) guaranty scheme. Nevertheless, the study of these three mechanisms reveals their inaptitude at successfully insuring the full payment of the employee’s credit. Yet this objective is paramount. It is in the essence of subordinate labour not to make the risks of business undertaking weigh on the shoulders of the employees. It is therefore necessary to identify alternative guarantees that will be successful at reducing this risk. But this undertaking is tricky. Neither Labour Law nor Common Law define the notion of Security. It will therefore be required to refer to the vision Common Law scholars have of Security because it is equivocal. Yet, for a number of reasons, these definitions present many faults and are globally not adapted to the field of Labour Law. The solution will hence be to elaborate a definition of Security that compensates these issues of cohesion and adequacy. This will lead to the proposition of a pragmatic and realistic identification of all securities used in Labour Law. The next step will be to analyse the legal framework applicable to the securities that have been identified. The idea is to figure out what would be the conditions and contexts required for these securities to participate in the greater goal which is to improve the payment of the credit employees have against their employers. The findings are rather uncertain. The newly identified securities fail to significantly complete the protection afforded to employees by the tryptic: general preference – super-preference – AGS. They can nevertheless fulfil their goal in very specific situations. For the remainder, simple and coherent changes to the legal framework of these securities could help improve this result.

L'expression « facultés mentales », il est bon de le souligner dès l'abord, sera ici utilisée dans l'acception que lui donne le Vocabulaire juridique de Gérard Cornu : « ensemble des moyens psychiques gouvernant la capacité de comprendre et de vouloir ».Juridiquement, c'est la pleine possession de ses facultés mentales qui confère à l'individu la qualité de sujet de droit agissant. Mais en droit du travail la problématique prend une dimension particulière: le lien de subordination caractéristique du contrat de travail repose d'un point de vue théorique sur l'aliénation des facultés mentales du salarié au service de l'employeur. Ainsi, si le salarié use de façon autonome de ses facultés mentales au moment de la conclusion du contrat de travail, ces dernières se trouvent en quelque sorte spoliées au stade de l'exécution du contrat, le rapport de soumission et de direction induit par le lien de subordination impliquant précisément que le salarié renonce à toute volonté propre. Il y a donc, dans l'essence du concept de subordination, l'idée d'une dépossession des facultés mentales de l'individu, qui se métamorphose en simple « objet» du contrat, et se trouve temporairement privé de ses capacités personnelles de penser, de créer, d'agir.Pourtant, il apparaît clairement que le salarié d'aujourd'hui ne peut se réduire à ce rôle de pur exécutant dénué d'âme. La mondialisation de l'économie, l'essor du secteur tertiaire et la révolution numérique ont transformé significativement le monde de l'entreprise. Dans cet univers nouveau, le salarié est de plus en plus amené à utiliser ses moyens psychiques propres, non seulement dans l'élaboration des conditions et de la durée du travail, mais aussi dans son exécution elle-même. L'esprit est devenu la nouvelle force de travail, dont l'usage est difficile à quantifier, donc à limiter.Situation qui pose au droit des problématiques inédites : comment appréhende-t-il le phénomène protéiforme de la mobilisation des facultés mentales au travail? Quelles conceptions le guident ? / To begin with, it should be noted that the expression «mental faculties» shall take on the meaning given in the Vocabulaire juridique by Gérard Cornu: namely, «all mental and psychological faculties that control the ability to understand and want».Legally speaking, only individuals in full possession of their mental faculties are entitled to rights and duties. However, in the field of labour law, a specific dimension has to be taken into account with regard to this issue. Indeed, the usual relationship of subordination between employer and employee theoretically lies upon the alienation of the employee's mental faculties when the employment contract is concluded. In other words, employees may initially enjoy the autonomous use of their mental faculties when the contract is signed, they are nevertheless dispossessed of these mental faculties as soon as the contract comes into force, for managing and subjugating people entailed by the relationship of subordination precisely imply that the employees give up their own free will. Thus, at the core of the concept of subordination, lies the idea that individuals become mere «objects» of the contract, and are temporarily left without their own capacities to think, create, and act.Yet it clearly appears that today's workers can't be reduced to the role of mere task performers with no soul or feelings. The ever-increasing globalization of markets, the rise of the tertiary sector, and the booming digital revolution have dramatically changed the business world. In this new environment, employees have to resort to their own mind faculties more and more, not only to elaborate work conditions and hours but also to perform the tasks themselves. The mind has become the new workforce, a workforce which is difficult to measure and therefore to limit.This situation rises new issues in the field of law: how should this multifaceted phenomenon about mobilising mental faculties at work be dealt with? Along which lines?

Non-compete clauses and similar arrangements This diploma thesis is concerned with contractual arrangements between the employee and the employer restricting the employee from a certain action after the termination of his employment with the employer. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of non-compete clauses and similar arrangements in labour law, to define their shortcomings and to evaluate the current legal framework and the future applicability of such arrangements in the Czech labour law. The thesis mainly describes the institute of restrictive covenants, consisting of non-compete clauses, non-disclosure agreements and non-solicitation clauses, for which it often uses foreign legislation as sources of inspiration. In order to fulfil these goals, the thesis is divided into three chapters, which are subsequently divided into subchapters. The first chapter is devoted to the history and development of non-compete clauses in the Czech Republic. The subchapters are divided chronologically, with the essential part being devoted to the period from the establishment of the independent Czech Republic to the date of effectiveness of the current Labour Code. The regulation of the non-compete clause reflected in the Labour Code is examined in the second chapter of the diploma...

Title of the thesis: Labour law issues in the area of professional sports Abstract This thesis concerns the relationship between labour law and the specifics of sports and sports activities as a mass society-wide phenomenon with a significant overlap into law. Legislation in the Czech Republic still does not follow the global trend in the area of status of professional sportsmen, which is oriented towards the explicit recognition of sportsmen as employees so the sportsmen are provided with the highest amount of rights possible as the weaker parties in relation to sports clubs. On the contrary, the position of the Czech sportsmen within the legal system is still unclear and the desired clarification is not provided even by the relatively extensive case law of the Supreme Administrative Court. In the vast majority of cases, the Czech sportsmen use the status of self-employment. In general, this thesis will focus on professional team sports, especially the football environment, whose legal framework provides the most suitable sample to demonstrate theoretical conclusions contained herein. For the purposes of comparison, the practice of Great Britain and its legal structure of sports environment will be analysed. The first part of this work will focus generally on sports and its specifics, mainly its separation...

Basic employment relations and their development tendencies Abstract The dissertation focuses on basic employment relations and tendencies in their development. First, attention is drawn to the conception of labour law and its position within the system of law. Second, basic employment relations are analysed, namely work performed under an employment contract, and work done under agreements other than an employment contract. Only such relations allow for what is called "dependent" work which is (a) subject to superiority of an employer and subordination of the employee, (b) done on behalf of an employer, (c) in compliance with an employer's instructions, and (d) the employee must do the work in person. Dependent work is the subject of individual employment relations. Legal regulation of employment relations is analyzed in the dissertation. A significant change was introduced by the Labour Code 2006. The main principle of the Code is that "everyone may do whatever is not prohibited by the Code, and no one may be forced to do what is not imposed by the Code" (or in other words "what is not prohibited is allowed"). Section 4 of the Labour Code expressly declares the principle of subsidiarity of the Civil Code in relation to the Labour Code, namely that employment relations are governed by the Labour Code;...

Interpretation of labour law regulations in the case law of The Supreme Court of the Czech Republic Abstract This thesis examines eight rulings of The Supreme Court of the Czech Republic that were handpicked for their extraordinary relevance in labour law. The author of this thesis attempts to find the solution to the problems solved by The Supreme Court in these rulings and then compares his reasoning and conclusions with the ones provided by The Supreme Court while evaluating the validity of the court's reasoning and conclusions along with whether The Supreme Court found its conclusions in a methodically sound manner. Rulings of cases No. 21 Cdo 4986/2010, 21 Cdo 224/2013, 21 Cdo 2745/2013, 21 Cdo 385/2014, 21 Cdo 5433/2014, 21 Cdo 3240/2015, 21 Cdo 1276/2016 and 21 Cdo 1276/2016 were the ones selected for analysis. The subject matter of the rulings listed above is as follows: When can an empoyer terminate a non- compete clause, whether or not specifying the applicable reason for termination in a medical opinion is needed in order to use said medical opinion as grounds for such termination, whether obstacle to work on the employee's part takes precedence over obstacle to work on the employer's part or vice versa, the relation between entitlement to severance pay and compensation provided by the Labour...