In certain rural areas of Manitoba, the character of the rural residential population has changed. People have built or bought houses around land that had been previously used exclusively for agriculture. These rural residents have invested in their property and are very sensitive to any activity that may interfere with their “rural lifestyle” or affect the value of their property. In the past, livestock production, in particular hog production was generally one component of mixed farming operation. Livestock production in Manitoba has undergone significant changes in recent years, both in size of operation and production method. It has now become a specialized industry where operations have become much larger and more capital intensive than farms of thirty years ago. These factors have resulted in situations where land use conflicts have and continue to occur. Typically, regulatory zoning, in conjunction with manual review of land cover overlay and topographic maps have been used to select sites for livestock operations. This approach can be time consuming and expensive. An alternative approach is the development of a geographic information system (GIS) to define optimal locations for livestock operations and non-farm rural residents. The use of such a model has the capability to reduce the number of rural land use conflicts. This study starts by documenting the significant changes in recent years of rural residential development and the size as well as the production method of hog operations in Manitoba. It then draws on a series of interviews to gain insight into the complex land use conflicts within the study area and to inform the creation of a geographic information system (GIS) model. This practicum explores “smart” land use analysis using a combination of GIS and Land Use Conflict Identification Strategy (LUCIS) modeling to represent the spatial consequences of land use decisions. This research has resulted in the development of a GIS model to be used as a decision support tool in developing policy surrounding future development and land use; including appropriate locations of any new or expanding livestock operations and rural non-farm residents within the Rural Municipality (RM) of St. Andrews, MB.

In certain rural areas of Manitoba, the character of the rural residential population has changed. People have built or bought houses around land that had been previously used exclusively for agriculture. These rural residents have invested in their property and are very sensitive to any activity that may interfere with their “rural lifestyle” or affect the value of their property. In the past, livestock production, in particular hog production was generally one component of mixed farming operation. Livestock production in Manitoba has undergone significant changes in recent years, both in size of operation and production method. It has now become a specialized industry where operations have become much larger and more capital intensive than farms of thirty years ago. These factors have resulted in situations where land use conflicts have and continue to occur. Typically, regulatory zoning, in conjunction with manual review of land cover overlay and topographic maps have been used to select sites for livestock operations. This approach can be time consuming and expensive. An alternative approach is the development of a geographic information system (GIS) to define optimal locations for livestock operations and non-farm rural residents. The use of such a model has the capability to reduce the number of rural land use conflicts. This study starts by documenting the significant changes in recent years of rural residential development and the size as well as the production method of hog operations in Manitoba. It then draws on a series of interviews to gain insight into the complex land use conflicts within the study area and to inform the creation of a geographic information system (GIS) model. This practicum explores “smart” land use analysis using a combination of GIS and Land Use Conflict Identification Strategy (LUCIS) modeling to represent the spatial consequences of land use decisions. This research has resulted in the development of a GIS model to be used as a decision support tool in developing policy surrounding future development and land use; including appropriate locations of any new or expanding livestock operations and rural non-farm residents within the Rural Municipality (RM) of St. Andrews, MB.

No description available.

Aggregate extraction has been identified as one of the most contentious land-uses in Southern Ontario. The siting or expansion of aggregate operations is often met with vehement debate from concerned members of the public, local municipalities, and additional parties who have various reasons to be opposed to aggregate extraction operations. “Aggregate wars” have now become a common planning challenge in a number of aggregate rich municipalities in Ontario. Due to a legacy of poor rehabilitation practices, aggregate site rehabilitation has been identified as one of the most serious problems plaguing pit and quarry developments. Aggregate site rehabilitation plays and essential role in preparing the land for its sequential land-use and is the primary mechanism for the mitigation of adverse environmental and social impacts caused by the extraction process. Using a mixed-methods research approach, this study aimed to determine the rate and quality of aggregate site rehabilitation occurring in Ontario for the time period of 1992-2011. This was completed using an assessment of production statistics and a sample of rehabilitation plans. In addition, interviews with representatives from key actor groups were conducted to strengthen the base for evaluating the effectiveness of the current policy framework to ensure the adequate rehabilitation of aggregate sites. Results from this study indicate that progressive rehabilitation efforts are falling short and a net gain in disturbed land is occurring each year. More research, in the form of field studies and long-term monitoring initiatives, is needed to permit a better assessment of the quality of rehabilitation occurring. Findings from this study illustrate that the current rate of aggregate site rehabilitation occurring in Ontario is not enough to moderate adverse environmental and social impacts. Changes are needed to the current policy framework in order to address this problem. Four policy recommendations are suggested: to set a maximum for disturbed areas at operating aggregate sites, to re-implement a security deposit type model, to introduce citizen advisory committees in the aggregate site management process, and to tie site and rehabilitation plans to predetermined timelines. An analysis of aggregate site rehabilitation prior to 1992 requires further research

Aggregate extraction has been identified as one of the most contentious land-uses in Southern Ontario. The siting or expansion of aggregate operations is often met with vehement debate from concerned members of the public, local municipalities, and additional parties who have various reasons to be opposed to aggregate extraction operations. “Aggregate wars” have now become a common planning challenge in a number of aggregate rich municipalities in Ontario. Due to a legacy of poor rehabilitation practices, aggregate site rehabilitation has been identified as one of the most serious problems plaguing pit and quarry developments. Aggregate site rehabilitation plays and essential role in preparing the land for its sequential land-use and is the primary mechanism for the mitigation of adverse environmental and social impacts caused by the extraction process. Using a mixed-methods research approach, this study aimed to determine the rate and quality of aggregate site rehabilitation occurring in Ontario for the time period of 1992-2011. This was completed using an assessment of production statistics and a sample of rehabilitation plans. In addition, interviews with representatives from key actor groups were conducted to strengthen the base for evaluating the effectiveness of the current policy framework to ensure the adequate rehabilitation of aggregate sites. Results from this study indicate that progressive rehabilitation efforts are falling short and a net gain in disturbed land is occurring each year. More research, in the form of field studies and long-term monitoring initiatives, is needed to permit a better assessment of the quality of rehabilitation occurring. Findings from this study illustrate that the current rate of aggregate site rehabilitation occurring in Ontario is not enough to moderate adverse environmental and social impacts. Changes are needed to the current policy framework in order to address this problem. Four policy recommendations are suggested: to set a maximum for disturbed areas at operating aggregate sites, to re-implement a security deposit type model, to introduce citizen advisory committees in the aggregate site management process, and to tie site and rehabilitation plans to predetermined timelines. An analysis of aggregate site rehabilitation prior to 1992 requires further research

Engagement is an essential component to community building. Among the factors which contribute to engagement is perception. Of specific interest to landscape architecture are perceptions of landscape and water as they reveal environmental attitudes. Rural Southern Ontario has experienced notable land use pressures for resource extraction and renewable energy. This study explores the relationship between landscape and water perceptions by rural residents and levels of community engagement in a changing rural landscape. Instruments used for this study were a photo-based questionnaire and Visitor Employed Photography. The study found that individuals who are more engaged with the community have a greater ability to interpret landscape in the context of resource extraction and are more critical in their perception of quarry rehabilitation. Findings of this study can assist rural groups by providing insight into social capital and inform landscape planning and design practices when working with rural groups to increase engagement.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-11Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pisani_rj_me_botfca.pdf: 1009979 bytes, checksum: f1bef8b65592dce61f03056cf646a55c (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / São necessários aprimoramentos de metodologias acuradas para um melhor planejamento ambiental auxiliando nesse sentido uma interação maior entre planejadores de órgãos públicos ou privados e produtores rurais no sentido de se obter ações voltadas para diferentes tipos de realidades. O objetivo dessa dissertação foi o diagnóstico de ambiência a partir dos estudos de Rocha (1997) na sub-bacia do Rio das Pedras, município de Itatinga-SP, onde se levantaram variáveis relacionadas à realidade socioeconômica, ambiental e físico conservacionista. Para tal foram utilizados questionários para o diagnóstico socioeconômico e ambiental com nove produtores rurais da área de estudo e técnicas de geoprocessamento para o a etapa físico-conservacionista. Para este último foram usadas as seguintes ferramentas: Digitalização de Cartas (IBGE) 1:25.000 adaptadas pela CATI (Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integral), fotografias aéreas de 1:30.000, levantamento de solos feita por tradagem e aquisição de imagens TM CBERS 2B CCD para processamento de imagens orbitais. Os Resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: Para o diagnóstico socioeconômico houve uma porcentagem de 52,2% de deterioração, para o ambiental 38,6% e 26,2% em relação ao diagnóstico físico conservacionista. Concluiu-se que toda e qualquer ação visando a conservação dos recursos hídricos tem de se iniciar com políticas públicas voltadas aos produtores rurais principalmente a educação, pois é ele em última análise que executará de forma consciente e equilibrada a manutenção dos recursos naturais. / Improvements of methodologies are needed with precision for a better environmental handling helping in this way in a big interaction among planers from public or private agencies and farmers in the way to have actions aimed to different realities. The aim of this work was a environment diagnosis from studies of Rocha (1997) at the Rio das Pedras watershed, city if Itatinga-SP, in which was obtained variables linked to the socioeconomic, environmental and of the resources environment physicist. For this one were used questionnaires for the socioeconomic and environment diagnosis involving nine farmers of the studied areas and geoprocessing techniques for the resources environment physicist. For this last were used the follow tools: digitalization of Letters (IBGE) 1:25.000 adapted from CATI (Integral Technical Assistance Coordination), aerials photography 1:30.000, soils survey by increment core and acquisitions of images TM CBERS 2B CCD for processing of orbital images. The results obtained were the follow: For the socioeconomic diagnosis had 52,2% of deterioration, for the environmental 38,6% and 26,2% for the resources environment physicist. It was concluded that all and any action aiming the maintenance of the hydrics resources have to begin with public politics backing to the farmers mainly the education because is the farmer that in a last analyze will make with a conscientious and balanced way the maintenance of the naturals resources.

Resumo: São necessários aprimoramentos de metodologias acuradas para um melhor planejamento ambiental auxiliando nesse sentido uma interação maior entre planejadores de órgãos públicos ou privados e produtores rurais no sentido de se obter ações voltadas para diferentes tipos de realidades. O objetivo dessa dissertação foi o diagnóstico de ambiência a partir dos estudos de Rocha (1997) na sub-bacia do Rio das Pedras, município de Itatinga-SP, onde se levantaram variáveis relacionadas à realidade socioeconômica, ambiental e físico conservacionista. Para tal foram utilizados questionários para o diagnóstico socioeconômico e ambiental com nove produtores rurais da área de estudo e técnicas de geoprocessamento para o a etapa físico-conservacionista. Para este último foram usadas as seguintes ferramentas: Digitalização de Cartas (IBGE) 1:25.000 adaptadas pela CATI (Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integral), fotografias aéreas de 1:30.000, levantamento de solos feita por tradagem e aquisição de imagens TM CBERS 2B CCD para processamento de imagens orbitais. Os Resultados obtidos foram os seguintes: Para o diagnóstico socioeconômico houve uma porcentagem de 52,2% de deterioração, para o ambiental 38,6% e 26,2% em relação ao diagnóstico físico conservacionista. Concluiu-se que toda e qualquer ação visando a conservação dos recursos hídricos tem de se iniciar com políticas públicas voltadas aos produtores rurais principalmente a educação, pois é ele em última análise que executará de forma consciente e equilibrada a manutenção dos recursos naturais. / Abstract: Improvements of methodologies are needed with precision for a better environmental handling helping in this way in a big interaction among planers from public or private agencies and farmers in the way to have actions aimed to different realities. The aim of this work was a environment diagnosis from studies of Rocha (1997) at the Rio das Pedras watershed, city if Itatinga-SP, in which was obtained variables linked to the socioeconomic, environmental and of the resources environment physicist. For this one were used questionnaires for the socioeconomic and environment diagnosis involving nine farmers of the studied areas and geoprocessing techniques for the resources environment physicist. For this last were used the follow tools: digitalization of Letters (IBGE) 1:25.000 adapted from CATI (Integral Technical Assistance Coordination), aerials photography 1:30.000, soils survey by increment core and acquisitions of images TM CBERS 2B CCD for processing of orbital images. The results obtained were the follow: For the socioeconomic diagnosis had 52,2% of deterioration, for the environmental 38,6% and 26,2% for the resources environment physicist. It was concluded that all and any action aiming the maintenance of the hydrics resources have to begin with public politics backing to the farmers mainly the education because is the farmer that in a last analyze will make with a conscientious and balanced way the maintenance of the naturals resources. / Orientador: Sergio Campos / Coorientador: Zacarias Xavier de Barros / Banca: Célia Regina Lopes Zimback / Banca: Maria Cristina Perusi / Mestre

In an age of increasing urbanization, rural communities and agricultural lifestyles are quickly disappearing. Many local, pastoral histories have been buried under the new narratives of modern suburban development. Do such places, located along the rural-urban fringe, contain accounts worth memorializing? This thesis is a case study of the Ancaster Meadowlands—a growing neighbourhood within the City of Hamilton, Ontario. It explores the process of suburban growth and uncovers the local history of a landscape. As a narrative, the study traces land-use change over time, displaying the area’s evolution from a site of Neolithic settlement, to an important Loyalist village, and finally to a large suburban neighbourhood with commercial and residential components. Three principal methods are employed: resident interviewing, key informant interviewing, and archival research. Themes elicited in this study include land-use conflict, NIMBYism, real-estate volatility, and the interconnectedness of politicians and developers. Given that there are few case studies of contemporary suburban development, this study provides a rare illustration of the multi-faceted process of expansion around a Canadian city while also supplying a historical account of local importance. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

Throughout northern Fennoscandia, reindeer husbandry is a central part in the cultural heritage of the Sámi people. In its history, Sámi culture and reindeer husbandry have undergone significant adaptations to environmental, social and political challenges. Landscape changes on the winter grazing grounds were mainly driven by resource exploitation, especially by industrialized forestry. Important grazing resources were lost, i.e. terrestrial and arboreal lichens that constitute essential key elements in the herding year. In my thesis, I explore the consequences of these transformations in Swedish boreal forests for reindeer husbandry. The multi-disciplinary approach integrates interview studies, ecological fieldwork and theoretical modeling of forest development. I emphasize the understanding of landscapes as multi-dimensional concepts with ecological, social and economic components. They interact in determining the amount of landscape fragmentation in physical or administrative ways, or in enabling reindeer herders to move between different landscape elements. These elements, e.g. forest stands of different ages, can react differently to winter weather. Thus, they enable reindeer herders to adjust their grazing grounds according to the availability of forage, mediated by snow conditions. However, forestry practices have reduced the abundance of old-growth forests, and therewith the functionality of the landscape. By comparing snow conditions in different forest types, I show that multi-layered canopies can offer a more diverse pattern of snow hardness. However, the interaction between forest characteristics with snow is strongly dependent on weather conditions, e.g. the timing and intensity of warm spells. The prevalence of single-layered forest stands therefore can lead to a reduction in snow variability and potentially restricts the availability of suitable grazing grounds for reindeer. If snow conditions hinder reindeer in foraging on terrestrial lichens, old forests formerly supplied reindeer with arboreal lichens. I show how industrial forestry has reduced the availability of this emergency forage by the reduction of old forests and increased landscape fragmentation and analyze the consequences of different management strategies on future habitat availability for arboreal lichens. By integrating these results into a model of forest management, I offer insights into consequences arising from different priorities that either favor timber production or the development of lichen-rich grazing grounds. In conclusion, I emphasize the importance of landscape diversity, as well as the ability to make use of this diversity, as a source of adaptability of reindeer husbandry to changes in grazing conditions by e.g. winter weather dynamics. A shared future of reindeer husbandry and forestry could be fostered by encouraging the social-ecological co-evolution of multiple use landscapes and the enhancement of the cultural and biological significance of the Swedish boreal forests.