This study was concerned with determining the awareness of secondary public school teachers, in the Lewisville Independent School District, regarding the laws which relate to their profession. Fifty-nine true or false statements, involving nine areas of public school law, were administered. The study compared teachers' knowledge in areas of school law based on their personal background. The thesis was divided into five chapters. These chapters included the Introduction, Review of Literature, Procedure, Analysis of Data, and Summary and Recommendations. The findings of this study indicated the majority of teachers and administrators had an average knowledge of school law. Areas with lower incorrect responses included students' rights and the copyright law. A recommendation was made to plan an inservice meeting with emphasis placed on the most frequently missed responses

Texas law regarding the legal status of women and their property rights developed from the mingling of Spanish and English laws. Spanish laws regarding the protection of women's rights developed during the centuries-long Reconquest, when the Spanish Christians slowly took back the Iberian Peninsula from the Moorish conquerors. Women were of special importance to the expansion of Spanish civilization. Later, when Spain conquered and colonized the New World, these rights for women came, too. In the New World, women's rights under Spanish law remained the same as in Spain. Again, the Spanish were spreading their civilization across frontiers and women needed protection. When the Spanish moved into Texas, they brought their laws with them yet again. Archival evidence demonstrates that Spanish laws in early Texas remained essentially unchanged with regard to the status of women. Events in the history of England caused its legal system to develop in a different manner from Spain's. In England, the protection of property was the law's most important goal. With the growth of English common law, husbands gained the right to control their wives's lives in that married women lost all legal identity. When the English legal system crossed the Atlantic and took root in the United States, little changed, especially in the southern states, when migrants from there entered Texas. When these Anglo-American colonists came into contact with Spanish/Mexican laws, they tended to prefer the legal system they knew best. Accordingly, with the creation of the Republic of Texas, and later the state of Texas, most laws derived from English common law. From Spanish laws, legislators adopted only those that dealt with the protection of women, developed on the Spanish frontier, because they were so much more suitable to life in Texas. Later lawmakers and judges used these same laws to protect the family's property from creditors, as well as to advance the legal status of women in Texas.

LL.D. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

PhD. thesis. University of the Witwatersrand, Wits School of Governance. 1st October 2015 / Two decades after South Africa’s transition to democracy, with a positive constitutional and legislative framework in place, a vast number of South African households continue to be subjected to serious inequalities and extreme poverty. The dual phenomenon of poverty and inequality are complex problems of such a magnitude that silo approaches and singular agency fixes are inadequate. South Africa has the potential to address such issues at a multi-actor multi-institutional level, involving both civil society organisations and government working together. This study investigates the manner in which various stakeholders come together to develop policy and implement strategies aimed at the alleviation of poverty, specifically focussing on childhood poverty and vulnerability. Using the policy network approach to illustrate the relationships that exist between actors, this study follows the policy process from formulation to implementation. The policy network approach is utilised as a lens through which the policy process is examined in two case studies — the succession planning and children’s act projects. These case studies share a common objective which is to equip service providers with the knowledge and skills to assist their clients in accessing their legal rights. Policy networks draw attention to the institutional arrangements needed for coordinating complex interactions between various actors involved in the policy process, with a specific interest on state-civil society relationships of policy cooperation. Hence, the main focus of the research is to ascertain the networking relationships that develop between government and civil society organisations and to explore the potential that policy networks offer in the future pursuit of social justice and children’s rights. / MB2016

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-09-13T11:39:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Alberto Cesar Bertulucci.pdf: 1422902 bytes, checksum: a11444032b9d1766a110efa126cc8925 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-13T11:39:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Alberto Cesar Bertulucci.pdf: 1422902 bytes, checksum: a11444032b9d1766a110efa126cc8925 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Comfort on board for passenger well-being has become a top priority for airlines in this 21st century. Certainly, ambitioning to adapt to take advantage of the reality nowadays experienced with the rapid aging of the world’s population. Regardless if on a long or short trip, it is likely that those who suffer most from the effects of an air trip are the elderly who, in addition to all the discomfort due to bad flight conditions, have not yet acquired the right to required special treatments, which are guaranteed by law to them. In certain problem-situations, questions arise: how should a flight attendant act, for example, when an elderly passenger needs to go to the toilet immediately, when everyone has to be, for safety, with the belt fastened? How to reconcile safety and comfort of passengers, at all times, on board the planes? The objectives of this study are: (i) to reflect on the environmental conditions of an airplane cabin, offered to the elderly during a flight, (ii) to investigate problematic, unpleasant or conflicting situations involving an elderly, dependent or independent, in an airplane; (iii) Forward a proposal based on preventive strategies in favor of a controlled environment, i.e, thought for/prepared for the welfare of an elderly person. The methodology required a survey and analysis of theoretical texts that deals with the themes and gives base to this study, such as the rights of the elderly in the most varied environments, the problems brought up by the advancement of the age and that require a special treatment, etc. The expected results are that: (i) Bring up the need of making detailed diagnoses of each of the problem-situations, by listening to the elderly themselves, so that the period confined in a cabin becomes more comfortable to the long-lived passengers; (ii) the efforts undertaken in this study can serve as a guide to new procedures for elderly passengers, precisely in order to ensure that in-flight environmental conditions are met by the necessary technological upgrading of new generations of airplanes, as well as the proper training of on-board staff on aging / Comodidade a bordo para o bem-estar dos passageiros transformou-se em prioridade das companhias aéreas neste século XXI. Certamente ambicionando adaptar-se para tirar proveito da realidade ora vivenciada com o rápido envelhecimento da população mundial. Não importa se em viagem de longa ou curta duração, é provável quem vem sofrendo mais os efeitos de uma viagem aérea são os idosos que, além de todo o desconforto por más condições de voo, ainda não adquiriram o direito a um tratamento diferenciado, adequado, que lhes é garantido por lei. Em determinadas situações-problema, indagações se colocam: como deve agir um comissário de bordo, por exemplo, quando um passageiro-idoso necessita ir de imediato ao sanitário, quando todos têm que estar, por segurança, com o cinto ajustado? Como conciliar segurança e conforto dos passageiros, todo o tempo, a bordo dos aviões? Os objetivos deste estudo são: (i) refletir sobre as condições ambientais de uma cabina de avião, oferecidas aos idosos, durante um voo; (ii) investigar situações-problema, desagradáveis ou conflituosas, envolvendo um idoso, dependente ou independente, em avião; (iii) encaminhar uma proposta fundada em estratégias preventivas em favor de um ambiente controlado. A metodologia exigiu um levantamento e análise de textos teóricos que tratem dos temas que fundamentem este estudo, como sobre os direitos dos idosos no mais variados ambientes, as problemáticas trazidas pelo avanço da idade e que exigem um tratamento diferenciado etc. Os resultados esperados são que: (i) evidencie-se a necessidade de que se façam diagnósticos detalhados de cada uma das situações-problema, para que se torne o período confinado em cabine mais confortável a passageiros longevos; (ii) os esforços empreendidos neste estudo possam servir de guia para novos procedimentos dirigidos a passageiros idosos, justamente visando a que melhorem as condições do ambiente em voo, tributárias ao necessário aperfeiçoamento tecnológico em novas gerações de aviões

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University of Macau / Faculty of Law

This PhD project by publication begins to explore how Scottish adult support and protection (ASP) policy and practice carves out its role and remit. It examines the ways that concepts like “abuse”, “vulnerability” and “protection” have been constructed, both by individual practitioners and at a policy level. The submission comprises five papers published in peer-reviewed journals and this contextualising document, which knits together the work and draws out overall conclusions and implications. The papers themselves report on a literature review, a further analysis of case study research into ASP practice and a critical policy comparison. The case study research was conducted immediately prior to legislative changes in Scotland with respect to ASP, and the policy comparison was conducted subsequently to these changes. Overall, the findings highlight the ways that a social constructionist approach can usefully deepen our understandings of ASP. That is, they show how understanding concepts like “protection”, “vulnerability” and “abuse” to be actively constructed in unique and complex contexts can promote criticality in policy-making, practice and research.

One of the main themes of South African history is the modification of African tribal life and institutions by the impact of the white society. Both British officials and settlers played a part in this process, but with very different motives and effect. The British, anxious above all else to save defence expenditure, were not prepared to risk provoking a war and had very little incentive to invest large sums in the administration of tne tribes. Settlers, on the other hand, had a vested interest in manipulating tribal society for their own ends: not only did their personal security rely upon quiescent tribesmen, but so did the economic development of the colony, dependent as it was on trade and labour. in addition, the settlers lived, at least along the eastern border, in close contact with the tribes, and were therefore more conscious than officials of those aspects of tribal life which offended Victorian Christianity's ideas of decency and morality. Tribal society was regulated by tribal law under the control of the chiefs; in order to attack aspects of the society, alterations had to be enforced in tribal law. As a result, once the grant of Responsible Government in 1872 gave the settlers control of their own internal affairs, Cape policy on tribal law becomes of particular Interest as a study of how a colonial society attempted to impose often unwelcome changes on an indigenous people, and with what results for both societies. As the problem presented by the African tribes bulked so large in the settler view, there is very little documentation available on the position of the few Khoi and San still living in tribal units, and they have not been included in this study.