Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-19T12:02:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Osvaldo Moura Junior.pdf: 1783926 bytes, checksum: aaf9e20b5b98cdfc84f7b5746dfd492f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-19T12:02:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Osvaldo Moura Junior.pdf: 1783926 bytes, checksum: aaf9e20b5b98cdfc84f7b5746dfd492f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-27 / In front of a globalized social reality that is anchored in technological advances, a profitable ground is created with the advance of unpredictability and risk in antisocial conducts. This change is marked by the proliferation of threats and vulnerabilities that, as a consequence, generates inflows in criminal law. Portion of the legal literature proposes the maintenance of the garantism imputation model, based on the assumptions established by the Frankfurt School, with rigid inflexibility of criminal and procedural guarantees. Nonetheless, this model is not adequate to protect transindividual juridical value, considering that modern criminality incorporates techniques capable of irreversibly deteriorating them. In this thesis, it is intended to clarify the parameters of readjustment of the theory of legal value, aiming at the search for a Criminal Law of Equilibrium that cumulates garantism with effectiveness in imputation. To address this issue, it is necessary to improve these models, through a critical analysis of doctrinal, legislative and jurisprudential studies pertinent to the subject. It was concluded that the linking of the juridical value to the speeds of criminal law in a differential way guarantees specific protections for each type of criminality. The Criminal Law of Equilibrium is obtained through the moderate expansion and administrativization of the criminal system, combining flexibility, guarantism and efficiency in imputation / Diante de uma realidade social globalizada e ancorada nos avanços tecnológicos, cria-se terreno profícuo com o avanço da imprevisibilidade e do risco nas condutas antissociais. Essa mudança é marcada pela multiplicação das ameaças e vulnerabilidades que, por consequência, gera influxos próprios no direito penal. Parte da literatura jurídica propõe a manutenção do modelo garantista de imputação, baseado nos pressupostos estabelecidos pela Escola de Frankfurt, com a rígida inflexibilidade de garantias penais e processuais penais. Todavia, esse modelo não se mostra apto para adequadamente proteger os bens jurídicos transindividuais, considerando que a criminalidade moderna incorpora técnicas capazes de deteriorá-los irreversivelmente. Objetiva-se, na presente tese, esclarecer os parâmetros de readequação da teoria do bem jurídico, visando a busca de um Direito Penal do Equilíbrio que cumule garantismo com eficácia na imputação. Para o enfrentamento dessa questão, se faz necessário o aprimoramento de tais modelos, mediante a análise crítica de estudos doutrinários, legislativos e jurisprudenciais pertinentes ao tema. Concluiu-se que a vinculação do bem jurídico às velocidades do direito penal de modo diferencial garante tutelas específicas para cada espécie de criminalidade. O equilíbrio penal é encontrado por meio da expansão moderada e da administrativização do acervo criminal, conjugando a flexibilidade, garantismo e eficiência na imputação

The aim of this project is to develop a legally relevant theory of artistic value, based on which a judge can reliably determine whether a work has sufficient such value to be granted constitutional protection, even though it would otherwise count as obscene. Within this framework I argue that a moral flaw can count as an aesthetic virtue in a narrative work, at least when the audience learns something from the immoral content of the work. Since expert testimony is sometimes required in legal cases about artistic value, I also develop a legally applicable theory of aesthetic testimony, such that expert testimony can be used to determine the valence of aesthetic properties, which is essential in determining a work‘s overall artistic value. My theory of which properties of works are relevant to their aesthetic evaluation depends both on which categories the work is appreciated in, and on the conventions of those categories. I address these issues within Canadian and American legal contexts. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcela Albuquerque Zan.pdf: 1534547 bytes, checksum: 3f461970382dc4ce5f24db44a9bbc82f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work, without pretending to exhaust the subject, aims to offer a systematic examination pertaining to bidding crimes to the Theory of Criminal Law well. Separately examining the historical evolution of the legal asset, its concept and functions, we consecrate its importance in the social and democratic rule of law. It is essential institute to give empirical basis to the Criminal Law and linking this with the reality of social values. Extending the study to the Federal Constitution, as the highest expression of the guiding principles of the legal system, the legal right to have her endorsement own dignity. In this context, the principle of minimum intervention determines that only the most expensive legal interests of individual life and society on a constitutional reading, can be part of the fragment will be safeguarded by criminal law and only the conduct that most violate these value will be criminalized . Still, it should be done considering the need of the criminal front protects the failure of other branches of law. On the study of the principle of proportionality, especially in its aspect of sealing the poor protection, criminal law and the institute is duty of the State with a view to effective action. It s essential to analyze the criminalization warrants, the universal legal values and legitimacy of abstract danger crime for the formation of a Criminal Law concatenated with the fundamentals and objectives of the Federative Republic of Brazil. Application of the Theory of Criminal Legal Values is a safe basis for critical analysis of public bidding crimes. Public bidding process is not a mere administrative procedure to choose the best contract, but is instrument for achieving social rights. So we try to show that the legal interest of specific offenses for your protection is not only the public purse, but the administrative probity and public interest of good administration. Under this test, if the criminal value has dignity and necessity of penal treatment, must be effectively guarded. The criminal policy should be optimized so that the constitutional mandate is fulfilled properly. It is from this understanding that will be assessing the public bidding crimes / O presente trabalho, sem a pretensão de esgotar o assunto, pretende oferecer um exame sistemático atinente aos crimes licitatórios à luz da Teoria do Bem Jurídico Penal. Examinando separadamente a evolução histórica do bem jurídico, seu conceito e funções, consagramos sua importância no Estado Social e Democrático de Direito. É instituto essencial a conferir base empírica ao Direito Penal e vinculação deste com a realidade dos valores sociais. Estendendo o estudo à Constituição Federal, como expressão máxima dos princípios inspiradores do ordenamento jurídico, o bem jurídico deve ter nela respaldo para possuir dignidade. Nesse contexto, o princípio da intervenção mínima determina que somente os bens jurídicos mais caros à vida individual e em sociedade, diante uma leitura constitucional, podem fazer parte do fragmento que será salvaguardado pelo Direito Penal e apenas as condutas que mais violarem esses bens serão criminalizadas. Ainda assim, deverá ser feita a análise da necessidade da tutela penal frente a insuficiência dos outros ramos do Direito. Diante do estudo do princípio da proporcionalidade, principalmente em sua vertente da vedação da proteção deficiente, o instituto do bem jurídico penal representa dever do Estado com vistas a uma atuação eficaz. Imprescindível a análise dos mandados de criminalização, dos bens jurídicos universais e da legitimação dos crimes de perigo abstrato para a formação de um Direito Penal concatenado com os fundamentos e objetivos da República Federativa do Brasil. A aplicação da Teoria do Bem Jurídico Penal é embasamento seguro para análise crítica dos crimes licitatórios. A licitação não é mero procedimento administrativo para escolha do melhor contrato, mas é intrumento de consecução de direitos sociais. Portanto, procuraremos demonstrar que o bem jurídico dos crimes tipificados para sua proteção não é somente o erário público, mas a probidade administrativa e o interesse público da boa administração. Sob este exame, se o bem jurídico penal apresenta dignidade e necessidade de tratamento penal, deve ser eficazmente resguardado. A política criminal deve ser otimizada para que o mandado constitucional seja cumprido adequadamente. É a partir desse entendimento que será feita apreciação dos crimes licitatórios

L’authenticité est une notion courante, qui est abondamment utilisée dans notre quotidien; qu’il s’agisse de qualifier un geste, une parole ou une personne. L’authenticité se révèle aussi être une notion fondamentale, voire omniprésente, au sein du droit de la preuve civile québécois. Il s’agit en effet d’un élément pivot, qui apparaît autant au moment d’apprécier la recevabilité de la preuve que d’en évaluer la force probante. Le législateur n’a pourtant jamais réellement tenté d’en tracer les contours ni même d’en proposer une définition. Il ne réfère généralement qu’aux effets de l’authenticité, sans toutefois se pencher sur la conceptualisation même de cette notion. Les conséquences en sont pour le moins consternantes : on ne sait pas tout à fait ce qu’est l’authenticité, mais on sait ce que ce n’est pas. C’est donc dans ce contexte que s’inscrit le présent mémoire. Il vise d’abord à déterminer ce en quoi constitue l’authenticité en droit québécois, sur le plan conceptuel. Pour ce faire, un aperçu des traditions juridiques qui ont exercé une influence marquée sur le régime juridique québécois sera réalisé, en insistant particulièrement sur les principes de la tradition civiliste européenne continentale. L’idée de cette approche historique consiste à déterrer les fondements mêmes de l’authenticité en droit québécois, telle que se concevait cette notion avant la révolution technologique. Une fois ses pourtours bien établis, le présent mémoire se penchera ensuite sur les conséquences qu’a entrainées, sur l’authenticité, la réaction législative québécoise concomitante à la révolution technologique. Sans revisiter en profondeur la notion, nous verrons que le législateur a pris une approche de décomposition fonctionnelle, qui permet de mieux en apprécier les fondements. Cette approche nous permettra, par ailleurs, de confirmer que l’authenticité est une notion polymorphe, qui demeure systématiquement associée à la qualité de la preuve, en tout ou en partie. Des effets sur le plan probatoire peuvent découler de cette qualité, mais seulement en certaines circonstances. / Authenticity is a common notion that is used extensively in our daily lives, whether it is to qualify an act, a word, or a person. Authenticity is also a fundamental, even omnipresent, notion in Quebec law of evidence. It is a pivotal element, which appears as much when assessing the admissibility of evidence as when evaluating its probative value. However, the legislator has never really attempted to define it. He generally refers only to the effects of authenticity, without addressing the conceptualization of this notion. The consequences are, to say the least, dismaying: we don't quite know what authenticity is, but we know what it is not. It is therefore in this context that the present thesis takes place. It aims first to determine what constitutes authenticity in Quebec law, from a conceptual standpoint. To do so, an overview of the legal traditions that have had a marked influence on the Quebec legal system will be provided, with particular emphasis on the principles of the continental European civil law tradition. The idea of this historical approach is to unearth the very foundations of authenticity in Quebec law, as this concept existed before the technological revolution. This paper will then examine the consequences of the legislative reaction to the technological revolution on authenticity. Without revisiting the notion in depth, we will see that the legislator has taken a functional decomposition approach to authenticity, which allows us to better appreciate its foundations. Moreover, this approach will allow us to confirm that authenticity is a notion which, although polymorphic, remains systematically associated with the quality of the evidence. Probative effects could emerge from this quality, but only in certain circumstances.