This dissertation explores the transmission of the letters of Pope Leo the Great (pope, 440-461). In Chapter 1, I set out the contours of Leo’s papacy from external sources and from the letters, showing the significance of these letters for understanding his papacy and its context: our vision of the mid-fifth century would be much scantier without them. After discussing the letters in context and as sources, I conclude this chapter by examining the varied editions of his letters from Giovanni Bussi in 1470, through the only full edition, that of the Ballerini brothers in the 1750s, to the partial editions of Eduard Schwartz and Carlos Silva-Tarouca in the 1930s, a tribute to Leo’s enduring importance. Chapter 2 deals in detail with the pre-Carolingian canonical collections of Leo’s letters, beginning with the earliest in the late 400s and early 500s. Through these collections, I trace the ongoing significance of Leo for canon law as well as noting the links between early Italian collections, e.g. Teatina, Sanblasiana, and Quesnelliana, and postulate that one Gallic collection, Corbeiensis, was the source of another, Pithouensis. I also question the concept of a ‘renaissance gélasienne’ while still admitting the importance of this period for canonical activity. Chapter 3 deals with the letter collections gathered in relation to the Council of Chalcedon (451) – the old Latin version, Rusticus’ version, and the later Latin text, assessing their relationships and importance for our knowledge of Leo as well. Chapter 4 is an exploration of Leo’s letters through the Carolingian and post-Carolingian Middle Ages. The Carolingian explosion of manuscripts is the most important assessed, and I deal with Leo’s various collections in the period, especially Pseudo-Isidore, and demonstrate their relationships and those between them and the earlier collections. To give the reader a sample of the editorial implications of my scholarship, I include as an appendix an edition of Ep. 167 with an apparatus detailing the most significant manuscripts and a translation of my edition as a second appendix. This popular letter exists in different recensions, so it serves an important key to Leo’s text criticism. The third appendix is a conspectus of the letters.

The aim of this thesis was to process the data and information with predictive capabilities of breeding lion (Panthera leo) and tiger (Panthera tigris) in the Czech zoos including their subspecies. The results was based on the yearbooks of the Union of Czech and Slovak Zoos (UCSZOO), and I try complemented it with adequate information from bulletins of an expert commission UCSZOO for subfamilies Pantherinae and Acinonynchinae: Baghira 1/2004 - 11/2014. I assessed the development of the last 24 years (1990 - 2014). If possible I complete it with a brief summary of the relevant facts from the history of the breeding.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Relações Internacionais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Relações Internacionais, 2012. / Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2012-09-12T13:48:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_LuizFelipePereiraDoles.pdf: 1132546 bytes, checksum: eac7ea7eaa72d1969a59a4edf0b65980 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Maia(luanna@bce.unb.br) on 2012-09-13T13:27:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_LuizFelipePereiraDoles.pdf: 1132546 bytes, checksum: eac7ea7eaa72d1969a59a4edf0b65980 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-13T13:27:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_LuizFelipePereiraDoles.pdf: 1132546 bytes, checksum: eac7ea7eaa72d1969a59a4edf0b65980 (MD5) / Os ataques terroristas de 11 de setembro trouxeram à tona mais uma vez os vínculos entre o neoconservadorismo e a política externa norte-americana. A bibliografia refere-se a temas como o unilateralismo e a chamada exportação da democracia como características desse pensamento, além de afirmar que há relações entre sua suposta origem intelectual na academia norte-americana, mais precisamente Leo Strauss, e sua doutrina política recente. Qual a influência de Strauss e suas idéias na política externa contemporânea? Com o intuito de responder essa pergunta de pesquisa, o trabalho possui três partes: na primeira discute-se as principais idéias do autor; na segunda explora-se o neoconservadorismo nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, em dois de seus principais nomes - Irving Kristol e Jeane Kirkpatrick; na última parte, realiza-se um apanhado do neoconservadorismo a partir do fim da Guerra Fria, privilegiando, aspectos como a democracia e o unilateralismo. Essa divisão busca dar historicidade aos conceitos defendidos pela política externa norte-americana, por meio da recorrente crítica ao realismo e à ONU, além de privilegiar aspectos específicos, em que se acredita haver alguma relação entre seus godfathers e sua manifestação política mais recente, em detrimento de uma análise exaustiva de discursos e descrições da política externa. Espera-se, ao fim do texto, mostrar os vínculos de uma filosofia política e o exercício do poder na esfera internacional, além de corroborar a hipótese inicial de que a forte crítica intelectual promovida no âmbito do pensamento neoconservador seria o lastro de seu notável, ainda que fracassado, alcance político. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / The 9/11 terrorist attacks exposed, once again, the links between neoconservatism and American foreign policy. The literature on this specific subject lists themes such as unilateralism and the tactics of ‘exporting democracy’ as main features of this school of thought. Besides, it states that there are some relations between neoconservatism’s intellectual origins in American universities, notably Leo Strauss, and its recent political doctrine. What is the influence of Leo Strauss and his ideas in contemporary foreign policy? Our strategy to answer this research question entails three main sections: a) in the first section, Strauss’s ideas are discussed; b) in the second, neoconservatism in the 1970s and 1980s is examined using texts from two of the most renowned neocons of that time - Irving Kristol and Jeane Kirkpatrick; c) in the last section, a brief evaluation of neoconservatism since the Cold War is made, especially discussing subjects like democracy and unilateralism. This division attributes historicity to the concepts advocated by US foreign policy, while focusing on specific subjects, which are believed to exemplify the relation between neoconservatism’s godfathers and its recent political display, to the detriment of a more comprehensive analysis of speeches and descriptions related to foreign policy. In the end, the links between political philosophy and the exercise of power in international affairs are expected to become clearer. In addition to that, the hypothesis - that the strong intellectual critic carried out by neoconservatism is the ballast of neoconservativism’s remarkable, yet failed, political outreach - is expected to be upheld.

This article reports a measurement of the proper motion of Leo II, a dwarf galaxy that is a likely satellite of the Milky Way, based on imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope and Wide Field Camera. 3. The measurement uses compact background galaxies as standards of rest in both channels of the camera for two distinct pointings of the telescope, as well as a QSO in one channel for each pointing, resulting in the weighted average of six measurements. The measured proper motion in the the equatorial coordinate system is (mu(alpha), mu(delta))= (-6.9 +/- 3.7, -8.7 +/- 3.9) mas century(-1) and in the Galactic coordinate system it is (mu(l), mu(b)) = (6.2 +/- 3.9, -9.2 +/- 3.7) mas. century(-1). The implied space velocity with respect to the Galactic center is (Pi, Theta, Z) =(-37 +/- 38, 117 +/- 43, 40 +/- 16) km s(-1) or, expressed in Galactocentric radial and tangential components, (V-r, V-tan) = (21.9 +/- 1.5, 127 +/- 42) km s(-1). The space velocity implies that the instantaneous orbital inclination is 68 degrees, with a 95% confidence interval of (66 degrees, 80 degrees). The measured motion supports the hypothesis that Leo. II, Leo. IV, Leo. V, Crater. 2, and the globular cluster Crater fell into the Milky Way as a group.

No description available.

This paper is predicated on determining the effectiveness of angles-only initial orbit determination (IOD) methods when limited observational data is available for low-Earth orbit (LEO) rocket body debris. The analysis will be conducted with data obtained from Lockheed Martin Space’s Space Object Tracking (SpOT) facility, focusing on their observational data from 2018 that contains tracking of rocket body debris for less than one minute per overhead pass. After the IOD accuracies are better understood, a feasibility study will follow that investigates the possibility of cataloguing LEO orbital debris from a single optical observation facility with similar observational capabilities as that of the SpOT facility. The IOD accuracy analysis will investigate nine different rocket bodies, with a total of 50 orbital passes of data included in the research. Three main IOD approaches will be tested for each data set to determine the best method in achieving high levels of IOD accuracy: a traditional three-point method, an iterative method, and an assumed-circular orbit method. Application of the iterative approach results in increased accuracy for the resultant initial orbit determination as compared to the three-point IOD method, and an assumed-circular orbit assumption allows for a further increase in accuracy, especially for observed objects in near-circular orbits. The feasibility of cataloguing debris from a singular optical facility shows promise, as subsequent target acquisition after an object’s initial observation is determined to be achievable under the correct circumstances. By choosing a correct telescope pointing angle based on the IOD results from one pass of data, an observed rocket body debris object would pass through the field of view of SpOT’s spotter scope (0.7-degrees) during its next overhead pass for two different test cases. An increase field of view would increase both the likelihood of acquiring the target object and the amount of time the object is visible by the telescope.

Syftet med föreliggande konstnärliga examensarbete var att analysera och interpretera den kubanska kompositören Leo Brouwers neoromantiska Sonata (1990) för klassisk gitarr. Det utfördes metodiskt genom en musikanalys av storform, sonatform, harmonik, musikaliska citat, dansanta begrepp och sammanställning av en motivkatalog. Studiens resultat indikerar att Brouwer tillämpade sonatform samt inkorporerade citat från Beethoven, Scriabin, Padre Soler och Bernardo Pasquini. Sonaten är komponerad idiomatiskt för gitarr men involverar ändå vissa speltekniska utmaningar för gitarristen. Det har bearbetats genom egna fingersättningar för att på bästa sätt gestalta fraseringar med tillämpning av bland annat karaktär av legato och speltekniska aspekter som campanella. Studien har resulterat i en utvecklad förmåga att tillämpa en äldre musikform för att bära ett modernare tonspråk genom instudering och analys av Leo Brouwers Sonata.

No description available.

On-orbit targeting, guidance, and navigation relies on state vector propagation algorithms that must strike a balance between accuracy and computational efficiency. To better understand this balance, the relative position accuracy and computational requirements of numerical and analytical propagation methods are analyzed for a variety of orbits. For numerical propagation, several differential equation formulations (Cowell, Encke-time, Encke-beta, and Equinoctial Elements) are compared over a range of integration step sizes for a given set of perturbations and numerical integration methods. This comparison is repeated for two numerical integrators: a Runge-Kutta 4th order and a NLZD4/4. For analytical propagation, SGP4, which relies on mean orbital elements, is compared for element sets averaged with different amounts of orbit data.

No description available.