Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 1985. / C.2 missing. Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Tesis--Salamanca. / "Apʹendice de documentos": p. [339]-419. Bibliography: p. [423]-426.

Orientador: Ronald Jefferson Martins / Coorientadora: Suzely Adas Saliba Moimaz / Banca: Tânia Adas Saliba Rovida / Banca: Roosevelt da Silva Bastos / Resumo: A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa crônica causada pelo Mycobacterium leprae, que acomete preferencialmente pele e nervos periféricos, com um grande potencial para desenvolver incapacidades físicas. A redução da transmissibilidade e do número de doentes com lesões incapacitantes depende do incremento do diagnóstico precoce da doença. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram conhecer as principais características epidemiológicas de indivíduos notificados com hanseníase, no período de 2013 a 2014, e o conhecimento e atuação do cirurgião-dentista no controle da endemia, no município de Cuiabá-MT. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal, dividido em duas etapas, que incluem: análise de 434 Ficha Individual de Notificação/Investigação de Hanseniase, inquérito com 242 cirurgiões-dentistas (CD's) atuantes no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de Cuiabá, para analisar o conhecimento sobre a forma de contágio, características clínicas e tratamento; além das experiências em relação a suspeita diagnóstica e encaminhamento de casos. A análise de dados foi realizada através do Program Statistical Package for Social Sciense (SPSS) versão 21.0 e da análise bivariada utilizando o teste qui-quadrado e nível de significância de 5%. Do total de 434 Fichas de Investigação avaliadas a maior parte era do sexo feminino (52,5%), com idade acima de 60 anos (26,3%), pardos (48,4%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (32,7%). A forma clínica e classe operacional mais prevalentes foram dimorfa e multibacilar esta última mais frequente no sexo feminino. Quanto ao estudo dos CD's os resultados mostraram a predominância do sexo feminino (65,7%), idade entre 30 e 39 anos (43%) e profissionais com 6 a 10 anos de formados (23,6%). No tocante ao tempo de trabalho no SUS, o maior percentual (28,1%) apresentava... / Abstract: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which mainly affects the skin and peripheral nerves, with great potential to develop physical disabilities. Reducing the transmission and the number of patients with disabling injuries depends on the increase in early diagnosis. The objectives of this study were to know the main epidemiological characteristics of individuals with leprosy reported in the period 2013-2014, and the knowledge and performance of the dentist in leprosy control in the city of Cuiaba-MT. It is an epidemiological study, divided into two steps, which include: analysis of 434 Individual Forms of Leprosy Notification/Investigation, and survey of 242 dentists (CDs) working at the Unified Health System (SUS) in Cuiabá, to analyze their knowledge about the ways of transmission, clinical features and treatment, besides analyzing their experiences in relation to diagnostic suspicion and referral of cases. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package Program for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0, and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and 5% significance level. Of the total of 434 Investigation forms analyzed, the majority of the patients were female (52.5%), aged over 60 (26.3%), of mixed race (48.4%), with incomplete primary education (32.7%). The most prevalent clinical form and operating class were borderline and multibacillary, the latter more frequent in females. As for the study of CDs, the results showed a predominance of females (65.7%), aged between 30 and 39 years old (43%) and professionals graduated 6-10 years earlier (23.6%). With regard to time working at SUS, the highest percentage (28.1%) had worked for over 10 years. Regarding knowledge about the disease, 30.6% did not know the effectiveness of the treatment of leprosy, 47% were unaware that the disease... / Mestre

A new mobile insertion sequence designated IS1110 was detected in the strain LR541 of Mycobacterium avium due to an observed increase of the size of the plasmid pLR20. Genomic libraries of M. avium containing the original plasmid pLR20 and the modified plasmid pLR20' were constructed using the phage gammagt10 as the vector. In order to characterize the insertion sequence as well as the region of inserted DNA, the sequence of the relevant clones was determined. IS1110 is a 1457 bp element lacking terminal inverted repeats and it is related to other insertion sequences such as IS900 (M.paratuberculosis), IS901, IS902 (M.avium) and IS116 (Streptomyces clavuligerus). Several copies of IS1110 are present in the strain LR541. Individual colonies derived from the same plate show significant differences in the banding pattern obtained by hybridization techniques (Southern blot) using a partial fragment of IS1110 as probe generated by PCR technique (Polymerase Chain Reaction) which implies an unusually high degree of mobility. Initially, analysis of clinical, veterinary and environmental isolates of M.avium from different sources showed that the sequences hybridizing to IS1110 were present in only a small number of M.avium strains. However, prolonged exposure of Southern blots disclosed the presence of another insertion sequence partly related to IS1110. Furthermore, the banding patterns obtained exhibited extensive polymorphism, even between strains that had identical RFLP patterns with the pMB22 probe. These results, indicating the potential usefulness of IS1110 as an epidemiological tool led to the investigation of the occurrence and distribution of IS1110 in a larger number of M.avium strains and establishment of the extent of the polymorphism seen with IS1110 by RFLP analysis. Using a full length IS1110 probe, an important number of M.avium strains including those obtained from AIDS and non-AIDS patients hybridized to IS1110 and exhibited an extensive polymorphism. Most banding patterns were unique and seven small groups of identical strains were identified. One of these types was found to be particularly prevalent in non-AIDS subjects, and was associated with colonisation rather than dissemination or invasion. These results showed that IS1110 can be an useful tool for identification of cases of hospital cross-infection. Besides, stability of the banding patterns obtained was confirmed by repeated subculture of M.avium strains which is essential for the validity and usefulness of IS1110 as an epidemiological tool.

Yes / Damien Foundation, Belgium, and R2Stop, Canada. B.C.D.J. and C.J.M. were supported by the European Research Council-INTERRUPTB starting grant 311725.

Psychology / (D. Litt et Phil.(Psychology ))

No description available.

No description available.

Descreve-se e avalia-se a situação da endemia da hanseníase no Município de São Paulo no biênio 1976/1977, caracterizando-a como problema de saúde pública, através da apresentação e discussão dos coeficientes de prevalência e de incidência, por local de residência nos diversos distritos e subdistritos e nas Zonas \"Central\", \"Intermediária\" e \"Periférica\" do Município. Os recursos sanitários existentes são descritos e avaliados segundo os mesmos critérios de localização, tentando-se relacionar sua distribuição com a dos índices endêmicos verificados. / The situation of endemic Hansen\'s disease in São Paulo County (Brazil), during the years 1976/1977, is described and analysed and is characterized as a public health problem through the presentation and discussion of prevalence and incidence rates according to local of housing in the different districts and subdistricts of the city, as well as in the \"Central\", \"Intermediary\" and \"Peripheric\" zones of the county. The specific medical resources available are described and evaluated according to the same criteria. An attempt was made in order to relate the distribution of the resources with the distribution of the endemic rates found.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Medicine. J o h a n n e s b u r g 1988 / Infections can cause autoantibody production. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of autoantibodies in chronic mycobacterial infections in Johannesburg. Sera from 41 leprosy patients and from 49 untreated and 73 treated tuberculosis patients were tested for rheumatoid factor, antibodies against a panel of nuclear antigens, anticardiolipin antibodies and syphilis serology. The antinuclear antibody was positive in 7.3% of the leprosy group, 6.1% of the untreated TB group and 15% of the treated tuberculosis patients (p=0.0125). Antinuclear antibody positivity correlated with duration of treatment (p=0.025). The antinuclear antibody titres were low and there was no specific pattern. / IT2018