Inaug-diss.--Breslau. / Lebenslauf. At head of title: Neuere deutsche philologie. "Anhang: 1. Erste quellen--2. Laufende anmerkungen zum text.--3. Schrifttum": p. 91-98.

Inaug-diss.--Breslau. / Lebenslauf. At head of title: Neuere deutsche philologie. "Anhang: 1. Erste quellen--2. Laufende anmerkungen zum text.--3. Schrifttum": p. 91-98.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1973. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Fach Jidsische Kultur Sprache und Literatur--Düsseldorf--Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2005. / Contient des textes en yiddish en caractères hébreux et en romanisation avec traduction allemande ainsi qu'un texte en judéo-allemand. Bibliogr. p. [243]-257.

Inaugural Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Hohen Philosophischen Fakultät der Königlichen Universität Greifswald.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität Rostock, 1911. / Cover title. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (master's) - Universität, Frankfurt am Main, 2004.

No estudo de sistemas complexos interessa capturar a evolução do seu comportamento emergente segundo um conjunto de regras cujas soluções descrevem o seu estado ao longo do tempo. Uma classe particular de modelos matemáticos e computacionais que permite realizar essa investigação são os autômatos celulares. O comportamento global deles é definido apenas por regras locais, o que os tornam um modelo exemplar para estudos de sistemas complexos. Estamos interessados em um tipo especial de autômato celular: os classificadores de densidade unidimensionais. Este tipo de autômato celular está relacionado com o problema da maioria que consiste em fazer convergir uma cadeia de símbolos aleatoriamente distribuídos em um reticulado, para uma cadeia homogênea com um único símbolo final (consenso global), aquele de maioria inicial. Este consenso deve ser obtido exclusivamente a partir de interações locais entre os sítios sem a instância de um controle central. Nesta pesquisa, realizamos alguns experimentos para caracterizar um autômato celular classificador de quatro estados proposto em Gács, Kurdyumov e Levin (1978). Embora seja um classificador imperfeito, este autômato celular é significativamente tolerante a falhas quando o submetemos a níveis de ruídos não nulos. Os resultados corroboram com outros estudos que investigam a robustez deste tipo de autômato celular e lançam luz sobre o entendimento da origem da coordenação global de sistemas que exibem as características aqui descritas / In the study of complex systems we are interested in capturing their evolution of its emergent behavior under a set of rules whose solutions describe the state of the system over time. A particular class of mathematical and computational model to perform this kind of research is the cellular automaton (CA). Its global behavior is defined by local rules, which makes it an exemplary model to study complex systems. Here, we are interested in a particular type of CA: one-dimensional CA that classifies densities. This kind of CA is related to the problem of the majority task that consists of converging an array of symbols, initially randomly distributed, to a single symbol, the more frequent one in the initial configuration of the array (global consensus). This consensus must be obtained solely out of local interactions, without the instance of a central control. In this research, we conducted some experiments to characterize a four-state CA classifier proposed in Gács, Kurdyumov e Levin (1978). While it is an imperfect classifier, this CA is significantly fault tolerant when submitted to the levels of non-zero noise. Our results corroborate other studies that had investigated the robustness of this type of CA, and shed light on the understanding of the origin of global coordinated systems that exhibit the characteristics described here

No estudo de sistemas complexos interessa capturar a evolução do seu comportamento emergente segundo um conjunto de regras cujas soluções descrevem o seu estado ao longo do tempo. Uma classe particular de modelos matemáticos e computacionais que permite realizar essa investigação são os autômatos celulares. O comportamento global deles é definido apenas por regras locais, o que os tornam um modelo exemplar para estudos de sistemas complexos. Estamos interessados em um tipo especial de autômato celular: os classificadores de densidade unidimensionais. Este tipo de autômato celular está relacionado com o problema da maioria que consiste em fazer convergir uma cadeia de símbolos aleatoriamente distribuídos em um reticulado, para uma cadeia homogênea com um único símbolo final (consenso global), aquele de maioria inicial. Este consenso deve ser obtido exclusivamente a partir de interações locais entre os sítios sem a instância de um controle central. Nesta pesquisa, realizamos alguns experimentos para caracterizar um autômato celular classificador de quatro estados proposto em Gács, Kurdyumov e Levin (1978). Embora seja um classificador imperfeito, este autômato celular é significativamente tolerante a falhas quando o submetemos a níveis de ruídos não nulos. Os resultados corroboram com outros estudos que investigam a robustez deste tipo de autômato celular e lançam luz sobre o entendimento da origem da coordenação global de sistemas que exibem as características aqui descritas / In the study of complex systems we are interested in capturing their evolution of its emergent behavior under a set of rules whose solutions describe the state of the system over time. A particular class of mathematical and computational model to perform this kind of research is the cellular automaton (CA). Its global behavior is defined by local rules, which makes it an exemplary model to study complex systems. Here, we are interested in a particular type of CA: one-dimensional CA that classifies densities. This kind of CA is related to the problem of the majority task that consists of converging an array of symbols, initially randomly distributed, to a single symbol, the more frequent one in the initial configuration of the array (global consensus). This consensus must be obtained solely out of local interactions, without the instance of a central control. In this research, we conducted some experiments to characterize a four-state CA classifier proposed in Gács, Kurdyumov e Levin (1978). While it is an imperfect classifier, this CA is significantly fault tolerant when submitted to the levels of non-zero noise. Our results corroborate other studies that had investigated the robustness of this type of CA, and shed light on the understanding of the origin of global coordinated systems that exhibit the characteristics described here

Le syndrome de Kleine-Levin (KLS) est une pathologie neuropsychiatrique rare, intermittente, du sujet jeune, dont la cause est inconnue. Les épisodes durent plusieurs jours avec hypersomnie, apathie, déréalisation, troubles cognitifs et désinhibition comportementale. Entre les épisodes, les patients retrouveraient un sommeil et un fonctionnement normal. Existe-t-il des épisodes plus prolongés et des dysfonctionnements à long terme ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons utilisé une approche clinique (entretiens, questionnaires), cognitive (évaluation neuropsychologique) et d'imagerie cérébrale fonctionnelle (scintigraphie) dans une étude contrôlée. Nos résultats montrent que près d'un tiers des patients ont des longues crises et sont plus anxieux, dépressifs et fatigués que les autres. Un quart à un tiers des patients ont des difficultés cognitives entre les crises. Des hypoperfusions persistent chez 41 patients, d'autant plus que la durée des épisodes est longue, que la dernière crise est récente et que la déréalisation en crise est sévère. L'émergence des symptômes est associée à l'hypoperfusion du cortex préfrontal dorso-médian et de la jonction temporo-pariétale, qui sont impliqués dans l'attention, l'intégration multi-sensorielle, les représentations mentales et la motivation. Bien que l'expression de la maladie soit intermittente, nos résultats suggèrent que les crises soient la partie émergée d'un " iceberg ", remettant en cause le caractère bénin de la maladie. / Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare neuropsychiatric disease which occurs in young subjects and for wich the etiopathology is still unknown. It is characterized by recurrent episodes during several days with hypersomnia, apathy, derealization, cognitive disorders and behavioral disinhibition. Those episodes alternate with long periods of normal sleep, cognition, mood, and behavior. Are there more prolonged episodes and long-term impairment? What are the mechanisms of derealization and apathy in the KLS? To answer these questions, we used a clinical approach (interviews, questionnaires), cognitive (neuropsychological assessment) and functional brain imaging (scintigraphy) in a controlled study. Our results show that nearly one third of the patients have long episodes (over a month) and are more anxious, depressed, sleepy and tired than the others. A quarter to a third of the patients has cognitive impairment between the episodes. Cortical and subcortical hypoperfusion persists in 41 patients, especially if the duration of the episodes is long, the last episode is recent and the derealization is severe. The emergence of symptoms is associated with the hypoperfusion in the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex and in the temporoparietal junction. Those brain regions are involved in treating the information related to attention, multisensory integration, mental representations and motivation.Although the clinical expression of this disease obeys a relapsing- remitting pattern, our results suggest that those episodes could be only the tip of the "iceberg", challenging the concept of a benign disorder.