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In a series of studies using semantic relatedness judgment response times, Jiang (2000, 2002, 2004a) has claimed that L2 lexical entries fossilize with their equivalent L1 content or something very close to it. In another study using a more productive test of lexical knowledge (Jiang 2004b), however, the evidence for this conclusion was less clear. The present study is a partial replication of Jiang (2004b) with Japanese learners of English. The aims of the study are to investigate the influence of the first language (L1) on second language (L2) lexical knowledge, to investigate whether lexical knowledge displays frequency-related, emergent properties, and to investigate the influence of the L1 on the acquisition of L2 word pairs that have a common L1 equivalent. Data from a sentence completion task was completed by 244 participants, who were shown sentence contexts in which they chose between L2 word pairs sharing a common equivalent in the students' first language, Japanese. The data were analyzed using the statistical analyses available in the programming environment R to quantify the participants' ability to discriminate between synonymous and non-synonymous use of these L2 word pairs. The results showed a strong bias against synonymy for all word pairs; the participants tended to make a distinction between the two synonymous items by assigning each word a distinct meaning. With the non-synonymous items, lemma frequency was closely related to the participants' success in choosing the correct word in the word pair. In addition, lemma frequency and the degree of similarity between the words in the word pair were closely related to the participants' overall knowledge of the non-synonymous meanings of the vocabulary items. The results suggest that the participants had a stronger preference for non-synonymous options than for the synonymous option. This suggests that the learners might have adopted a one-word, one-meaning learning strategy (Willis, 1998). The reasonably strong relationship between several of the usage-based statistics and the item measures from R suggest that with exposure learners are better able to use words in ways that are similar to native speakers of English, to differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate contexts and to recognize the boundary separating semantic overlap and semantic uniqueness. Lexical similarity appears to play a secondary role, in combination with frequency, in learners' ability to differentiate between appropriate and inappropriate contexts when using L2 word pairs that have a single translation in the L1. / CITE/Language Arts

本文提出以規則法與相似法將未知動詞自動分類至中研院詞庫小組(1993)的動詞分類標記上。規則法中的規則從訓練語料中訓練出，並加上未知動詞重疊的規律，包含率約二成五，正確率約86.86%∼91.32%。規則法的優點在於正確率高，但缺點在於可以處理的未知動詞數量太少。相似法利用與未知動詞的相似例子猜測未知動詞的可能分類，利用詞彙內部的訊息---詞基的詞類、語意類與詞彙結構來計算相似度。相似法的可以全面性的處理未知動詞，缺點容易受到訓練語料中標記錯誤的例子誤導與訓練語料的大小所影響。我們結合規則法與相似法預測未知動詞分類的正確率為72%。 / We present two methods to classify the Chinese unknown verbs. First, we summarize some linguistic rules and morphological patterns from corpus. The accuracy of the rule-based method is 86.86%~91.32%. Second, we use the instance-based categorization to classify the Chinese unknown words. The accuracy of the instance-based method is 67.86%~70.92% and the accuracy of the integrated classifier is about 72%.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:36:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3026129 bytes, checksum: adbee1eaf596c14b444cb5c0d0379353 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The emergence of the Interactive Digital Television provided, as well as advantages gain quality and optimization of the transmission, the addition of new features and services available to the user. With the advent of digital convergence between TV and Web platforms, new proposals of semantic organization of content are developed. Moreover, it was possible to introduce concepts of the Semantic Web and knowledge representation that allow semantically describe the metadata of content through ontologies. In this context, this work proposes an approach to identifying of domain of application in digital convergence environment based on the Semantic Web concepts and analysis of lexical and semantic similarity. One component integrated with Knowledge TV platform, was implemented to validate the approach. / O surgimento da Televisão Digital Interativa proporciona além de ganho de qualidade na transmissão, a adição de novos recursos e serviços disponíveis ao usuário. Com o advento da convergência digital entre as plataformas de TV e Web, novas propostas de organização semântica de conteúdo estão sendo desenvolvidas. Além disso, foi possível introduzir conceitos da Web Semântica e de representação do conhecimento que permitem descrever semanticamente os metadados de conteúdo através de ontologias. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho propõe uma abordagem para identificação de domínios de aplicação no ambiente de convergência digital baseada em conceitos da Web Semântica e nas análises de similaridade léxica e semântica. Um componente integrado a plataforma Knowledge TV, foi implementado para validar a abordagem.