No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

In areas supplied by underground transmission systems load division among several parallel connected cables may not be satisfactory. Phase-angle-connected TCUL transformers may be used to provide the phase shift necessary to equalize the cable loading and to provide voltage regulation at the load. A means for automating the TCUL adjustments to provide satisfactory current balance and voltage regulation was sought. This problem was attacked by first expressing the system performance (the unbalance of cable currents and load voltage magnitude) in terms of a system performance function. An optimal policy of control is defined as the selection of the particular TCUL transformer which provides the greatest improvement in the system performance. A negative gradient optimization routine is used to determine the required adjustment. A derivation of the adjoint network relationships for a phase-angle-connected transformer is given. These relationships provide a means for readily determining the gradient of the performance function. This approach is developed to provide a means for continuously monitoring and automatically controlling the system performance. A discussion of two ways in which this approach might be implemented physically is given. The optimally adjusted TCUL controller was incorporated in a digital computer model of a small underground power system. Simulated operation of the system under widely varying load conditions demonstrated the ability of the controller to maintain very small cable current unbalance while simultaneously holding voltage variations to +2.9 percent of nominal. A significant advantage of this approach is that the optimal sequence of adjustments required to restore the system to a satisfactory level of performance may be obtained and verified without making any actual adjustments to the TCUL transformers. This is important from a maintenance point of view. A possible disadvantage of the method is that an accurate model of the system must be available. / Ph. D.

Cathepsin Z is a cysteine proteinase found in lysosomes of human cells. It was detected in human cultured cell lines using the peptidyl diazomethane inhibitor Fmoc-Leu-Leu- [¹²⁵]Tyr-CHN₂. The labeling of cathepsin Z by the inhibitor was both time- and concentration-dependent, and the proteinase was found in all human cell lines examined. The characteristics of cathepsin Z were examined in U-937 cells, a human monocytic line. The labeling of cathepsin Z was blocked by pre-incubation of the cells either in non-iodinated inhibitor or in the epoxysuccinyl peptide inhibitor E-64d, a specific inhibitor of cysteine proteinases. Cathepsin Z was not immunoprecipitated by antisera specific for cathepsins B, L, or S. Cathepsin Z has been estimated to be at millimolar concentrations in lysosomes, suggesting that it is a major lysosomal proteinase. The molecular weight of cathepsin Z was calculated to be 22.4 kDa by SDS-PAGE and 45— 47 kDa by native PAGE and gel exclusion chromatography, indicating that it is dimeric. Cathepsin Z is susceptible to digestion by endoglycosidase H, and oligosaccharides comprise 3.1 kDa of the reduced molecular weight. The expression of cathepsin Z was not affected by differentiation of U-937 cells with phorbol ester, unlike the expression of cathepsins B and S. Undifferentiated U-937 cells express low levels of cathepsins B and S; after differentiation, expression of cathepsins B and S is greatly increased. Cathepsin Z was purified from U-937 cells by anion exchange chromatography (Mono Q), affinity chromatography (concanavalin A), and preparatory electrophoresis. N-terminal sequence analysis of both the purified protein and fragments of the protein from a V8 digest indicates that cathepsin Z is a member of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteinases. / Ph. D.

The experimental investigation of the application of mechanical interferometry to the construction of influence lines has proven successful. The method is similar in principle to other methods of model analysis. Mechanical interferometry offers the advantages of speed and permanence of record over the other methods in present use. The idea seems to offer commercial possibilities. / Master of Science

Thesis. 1978. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Meteorology. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Science. / Bibliography: leaves 202-207. / Ph.D.

No / This paper presents an investigation of the design optimization in microstrip lines to reduce the crosstalk level using Fuzzy Logic. In microstrip lines length and spacing, termination conditions of interconnection and output impedance of gates are the major components that cause crosstalk. In order to design high speed printed circuit board (PCB) with optimum interconnection configuration, it is essential to reduce the crosstalk to its minimum tolerance level. A design methodology is proposed to correlate electrical parameters and physical configuration of lines to the crosstalk phenomena. This design is subsequently optimized using Fuzzy Logic to reduce the level of crosstalk. A set of experiments is carried out to demonstrate the capabilities of the design and optimization methods. The effect of the geometrical configuration of the lines on crosstalk, particularly the spacing, is highlighted.

published_or_final_version / abstract / Transport Policy and Planning / Master / Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning