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Risk markers for a first myocardial infarction /Thøgersen, Anna Margrethe January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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Model based development of continuous processes for production of chiral glycol ethers by biocatalysis Modellbasierte Entwicklung kontinuierlicher Prozesse zur Herstellung chiraler Glykolether durch Biokatalyse /Berendsen, Wouter Robert. January 2008 (has links)
Stuttgart, Univ., Diss., 2007.
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Dissecting the Molecular Basis of the Antiphospholipid SyndromeRamesh, Sangeetha. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-135).
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A model of the pressure dependence of the enantioselectivity of Candida rugosa lipase towards (+- )-mentholKahlow, Ulrich. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
University, Diss., 2002--Stuttgart. / Gedr. Ausg. im Inst. für Technische Biochemie der Univ. Stuttgart.
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The efficacy of Nopales (Opuntia Spp) on Lipoprotein Profile and Oxidative Stress among Moderately Hypercholesterolemic AdultsJanuary 2013 (has links)
abstract: Background: Evidence about the purported hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of nopales (prickly pear cactus pads) is limited. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of nopales for improving cardiometabolic risk factors and oxidative stress, compared to control, in adults with hypercholesterolemia. Design: In a randomized crossover trial, participants were assigned to a 2-wk intervention with 2 cups/day of nopales or cucumbers (control), with a 2 to 3-wk washout period. The study included 16 adults (5 male; 46±14 y; BMI = 31.4±5.7 kg/m2) with moderate hypercholesterolemia (low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-c] = 137±21 mg/dL), but otherwise healthy. Main outcomes measured included: dietary intake (energy, macronutrients and micronutrients), cardiometabolic risk markers (total cholesterol, LDL-c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-c], triglycerides, cholesterol distribution in LDL and HDL subfractions, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment, and C-reactive protein), and oxidative stress markers (vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity, oxidized LDL, and LDL susceptibility to oxidation). Effects of treatment, time, or interactions were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: There was no significant treatment-by-time effect for any dietary composition data, lipid profile, cardiometabolic outcomes, or oxidative stress markers. A significant time effect was observed for energy, which was decreased in both treatments (cucumber, -8.3%; nopales, -10.1%; pTime=0.026) mostly due to lower mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (pTime=0.023 and pTime=0.003, respectively). Both treatments significantly increased triglyceride concentrations (cucumber, 14.8%; nopales, 15.2%; pTime=0.020). Despite the lack of significant treatment-by-time effects, great individual response variability was observed for all outcomes. After the cucumber and nopales phases, a decrease in LDL-c was observed in 44% and 63% of the participants respectively. On average LDL-c was decreased by 2.0 mg/dL (-1.4%) after the cucumber phase and 3.9 mg/dL (-2.9%) after the nopales phase (pTime=0.176). Pro-atherogenic changes in HDL subfractions were observed in both interventions over time, by decreasing the proportion of HDL-c in large HDL (cucumber, -5.1%; nopales, -5.9%; pTime=0.021) and increasing the proportion in small HDL (cucumber, 4.1%; nopales, 7.9%; pTime=0.002). Conclusions: These data do not support the purported benefits of nopales at doses of 2 cups/day for 2-wk on markers of lipoprotein profile, cardiometabolic risk, and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic adults. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Nutrition 2013
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Hepatic Lipase Regulates LipoProtein Trafficking in HepatocytesThibeaux, Simeon 01 January 2015 (has links)
The production of very low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein particles by the liver is a tightly regulated process, which begins with synthesis and assembly of core protein components in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Factors influencing the production and metabolism of these particles are of immediate medical relevance, as their malfunction or hyperactivity can lead to an assortment of disease states. Hepatic lipase is a secreted liver enzyme, with many previously described roles in the metabolism and clearance of both high and low density lipoproteins. Increased production and assembly of this enzyme is an indicator of metabolic dysfunction, while its absence or insufficiency leads to pre-mature atherosclerosis and death. The present study shows that this enzyme’s role in lipoprotein metabolism is not confined to the degradation and clearance of these particles after they have been secreted. Experiments using co-immunoprecipitation targeted at hepatic lipase demonstrate that this protein interacts with ApoA1 and ApoB100, the core protein components of HDL and VLDL respectively, at the ER level in hepatocytes, as part of an enormous multi-subunit protein complex. This interaction with ApoA1 leads to decreased competence of hepatocytes to secrete HDL, which confers a pro-atherogenic phenotype. Analysis of ER to Golgi VLDL transport vesicles, produced with a cell-free in vitro budding assay, has revealed that hepatic lipase is co-secreted between these compartments with immature VLDL particles. Further analysis of cytosol isolated from hepatocytes demonstrates an interaction between hepatic lipase and the LDL-receptor related protein in a post-Golgi vesicle; the significance of which will be investigated in future studies.
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Lipoprotein LprG Enhances TLR2 Agonism of Mycobacterium tuberculosisArida, Ahmad Raslan January 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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The Role of Macrophage Scavenger Receptor Class B, Type 1 (SR-BI) in the development of Atheroscelerosis in Apolipoprotein E Deficient MiceRisvi, Ali Amjad 11 1900 (has links)
The high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor Scavenger Receptor, Class B, Type I (SRBI)
is a 509 amino acid integral membrane protein which has been shown to have an
important role in HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport. SR-BI has been shown to
mediate selective uptake of cholesterol, and also mediates efflux of cholesterol to HDL as
seen in in vitro cell culture studies. SR-BI is abundant in the liver and steroidogenic
tissues, and is also present in macrophages, which play an important role in the initial
stages of atherosclerotic development. SR-BI has been shown to be protective against
atherosclerosis by way of overexpression and knockout (KO) studies in murine
atherosclerosis models, including low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout
mice, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mice, and human apolipoprotein B (ApoB)
transgenic mice. SR-BI/LDLR double knockout (dKO) mice show a 6-fold increase in
diet-induced atherosclerosis compared to LDLR single KO controls, and SR-BI/ApoE
dKO mice show severe coronary occlusion, myocardial infarction, and premature death
on a normal chow diet. In both, plasma total cholesterol levels are significantly elevated,
and associated with abnormally large HDL particles. The majority ofSR-BI's
atheroprotective effect has been shown to result from plasma cholesterol clearance by
way of selective uptake in the liver. Recently, Covey et al showed that elimination of SRBI
expression in macrophages of LDLR KO mice resulted in increased diet-induced
atherosclerosis. To see if SR-BI in macrophages contributes to the overall
atheroprotective effect of SR-BI in ApoE KO mice, presumably by mediating cellular
cholesterol efflux to HDL, selective deletion ofSR-BI was induced in bone marrow
derived cells of ApoE KO mice using bone marrow transplantation. Female ApoE -/recipient
mice were transplanted with either SR-BI +/+ ApoE -/-or SR-BI -/- ApoE -/bone
marrow from male donor mice, and fed a high fat diet for 12 weeks. This resulted in
significantly increased atherosclerosis in mice transplanted with SR-BI -/- ApoE -/-bone
marrow, with a concomitant decrease in cholesterol associated with HDL-sized
lipoproteins. No significant differences were seen in plasma total cholesterol levels or
levels of cholesterol associated with non-HDL lipoproteins. These data suggest that SRBI
in macrophages contributes to SR-BI's overall protective effect against
atherosclerosis, and also plays a role in the regulation ofHDL cholesterol, in ApoE
deficient mice. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)
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Mutation of the Maturase Lipoprotein Attenuates the Virulence of Streptococcus equi to a Greater Extent than Does Loss of General Lipoprotein LipidationHamilton, A., Robinson, C., Sutcliffe, I.C., Slater, J., Maskell, D.J., Davis-Poynter, N., Smith, K., Waller, A.S., Harrington, Dean J. 21 August 2006 (has links)
No / Streptococcus equi is the causative agent of strangles, a prevalent and highly contagious disease of horses.
Despite the animal suffering and economic burden associated with strangles, little is known about the
molecular basis of S. equi virulence. Here we have investigated the contributions of a specific lipoprotein and
the general lipoprotein processing pathway to the abilities of S. equi to colonize equine epithelial tissues in vitro
and to cause disease in both a mouse model and the natural host in vivo. Colonization of air interface organ
cultures after they were inoculated with a mutant strain deficient in the maturase lipoprotein ( prtM138-213,
with a deletion of nucleotides 138 to 213) was significantly less than that for cultures infected with wild-type
S. equi strain 4047 or a mutant strain that was unable to lipidate preprolipoproteins ( lgt190-685). Moreover,
mucus production was significantly greater in both wild-type-infected and lgt190-685-infected organ cultures.
Both mutants were significantly attenuated compared with the wild-type strain in a mouse model of strangles,
although 2 of 30 mice infected with the lgt190-685 mutant did still exhibit signs of disease. In contrast, only the
prtM138-213 mutant was significantly attenuated in a pony infection study, with 0 of 5 infected ponies
exhibiting pathological signs of strangles compared with 4 of 4 infected with the wild-type and 3 of 5 infected
with the lgt190-685 mutant. We believe that this is the first study to evaluate the contribution of lipoproteins
to the virulence of a gram-positive pathogen in its natural host. These data suggest that the PrtM lipoprotein
is a potential vaccine candidate, and further investigation of its activity and its substrate(s) are warranted.
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MARCADORES BIOQUÍMICOS NAS DISLIPIDEMIAS E NO RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA À FÓRMULA DE MARTINToledo Júnior, Alceu de Oliveira 17 December 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-12-17 / Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar comparativamente perfis de marcadores bioquímicos que melhor caracterizem e/ou associem-se às dislipidemias, na modalidade diagnóstica por ampliar a estratificação do risco cardiovascular ou no seu monitoramento para melhor condução. Para isso avaliamos o perfil lipídico composto por colesterol total, triglicérides, colesterol da lipoproteína de alta densidade e da lipoproteína de baixa densidade; esta com a fórmula de Martin, e ainda o colesterol em conteúdo que não faz parte das lipoproteínas de alta densidade, correlacionando-os com os marcadores: lipoproteína a, apoproteína B e colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade; com uso do método homogêneo. Foram selecionados 1012 pacientes, segmentados por faixas etárias, sexo e condição de uso ou não de inibidores de produção hepática do colesterol. Para ampliar o poder dessa análise agrupada os exames realizados foram separados em subgrupos, considerando-se valores obtidos e metodologias utilizadas; correlacionando-se os resultados. A pesquisa foi realizada com variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas, procedendo-se ao uso de testes estatísticos não paramétricos para sua compreensão, distribuição e análise agrupada. Nossos resultados mostraram evidências que o risco cardiovascular não se associa apenas ao colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade obtido pela fórmula de Martin, mas a outras variáveis, sob associação às seguintes análises comparativas: que o uso da apoproteína B amplia o diagnóstico de inclusão das dislipidemias em 43% usando valores referenciais sexo-independentes e com uma nova faixa de monitoramento em 84 mg/dL. Que o colesterol da lipoproteína de baixa densidade obtido pelo método homogêneo apresenta discordância analítica em +3,5% e tendo estratificação diagnóstica 48% superior. E que a lipoproteína a apresenta-se superior a 30 mg/dL em 26% dos pacientes, porém com prevalência e segmentação específicas nas mulheres entre 51 a 60 anos, sendo necessária sua análise numa aparente discordância, superior a 10 mg/dL, quando da comparação de resultados entre a fórmula de Martin e o método homogêneo. / This study aims to comparatively evaluate the profiles of biochemical markers that best characterize and / or associate with dyslipidemias, in the diagnostic modality by increasing the stratification of cardiovascular risk or its monitoring for better conduction. For this, we evaluated the lipid profile composed of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein; and the cholesterol in non-high density lipoprotein content, correlating them with the markers: lipoprotein A, apoprotein B and low density lipoprotein cholesterol; using the homogeneous method. A total of 1012 patients were selected, segmented by age, sex and condition of use or inhibition of hepatic cholesterol production. In order to increase the power of this group analysis the exams were separated into subgroups, considering the obtained values and methodologies used; correlating the results. The research was carried out with qualitative and quantitative variables, using nonparametric statistical tests for their comprehension, distribution and grouped analysis. Our results showed evidence that cardiovascular risk is not only associated with the low density lipoprotein cholesterol obtained by Martin's formula, but other variables, in association with the following comparative analyzes: that the use of apoprotein B expands the diagnosis of inclusion of dyslipidemias in 43 % using genderindependent baseline values and with a new monitoring range of 84 mg/dL. That the low density lipoprotein cholesterol obtained by the homogeneous method presents an analytical disagreement at + 3.5% and having a 48% higher diagnostic stratification. In addition, lipoprotein a levels were higher than 30 mg/dL in 26% of the patients, but with a specific prevalence and segmentation in women between the ages of 51 and 60 years, with an apparent disagreement of more than 10 mg/dL when of the comparison of results between the Martin formula and the homogeneous method.
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