No description available.

Recorded on July 27, 2007 by Eugene Barsky, Physiotherapy Outreach Librarian, UBC / N/A

Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva prevalens av ryggsmärta hos ett slumpmässigt urval av svenska ungdomar ur SIH-studien 2004, Skola-Idrott-Hälsa en nationell studie om barns och ungdomars hälsa och omgivande faktorers betydelse för deras fysiska aktivitet. Dessutom var syftet att beskriva köns- och åldersskillnader samt hur stor andel av de med generell ryggsmärta 2004 som hade rapporterat ryggsmärta 3 år tidigare. Vidare var syftet att koda ryggsmärtan i fyra olika fält markerad på smärtteckning, och undersöka om skillnader förelåg mellan barn och ungdomar med ländryggsbesvär och de utan ryggbesvär i fysisk aktivitet, fysisk inaktivitet samt psykologiska faktorer såsom stress, nedstämdhet och trötthet. Metod: Barn och ungdomar 12, 15 och 18 år svarade i enkät på frågan: har du ont i ryggen idag, och markerade ryggsmärta på en smärtteckning. Denna kodades och smärtan kartlades utifrån 4 anatomiska lokalisationer, eller fält: 1)nacke, 2)bröstrygg, 3)ländrygg och 4)smärta i fler än ett fält på ryggen. Den kodade ryggsmärtan presenterades och köns- och åldersskillnader beskrevs. Fält 3)ländrygg studerades separat och sambandet mellan faktorer i SIH-studiens enkät som representerar fysisk aktivitet och fysisk inaktivitet samt stress, trötthet och nedstämdhet jämfört med individer utan ryggsmärta. Resultat: Ryggsmärta rapporterades av 23%, 274 individer, av alla i studien och fler flickor än pojkar rapporterade ryggsmärta, skillnaden var signifikant p<0,001. Ryggsmärta rapporterades av 23% redan år 2001. Ländryggen var den vanligaste smärt-lokalisationen hos både pojkar och flickor och rapporterades av 46% av individerna som hade ryggsmärta. Fler flickor 60% än pojkar 40% rapporterade ländryggssmärta. Smärtan ökade mest från årskurs 6 till 9 hos individerna med ländryggsmärta och smärta i fler än ett fält på ryggen. Färre individer med ländryggssmärta tävlade i idrott eller deltog i idrottsförening. Större andel individer med ländryggsmärta chattade/surfade och spelade dataspel än individerna utan ryggsmärta (p=0,047). Unga med ländryggsmärta rapporterade mer stress, trötthet och nedstämdhet (p<0,001).  Slutsats: Ryggsmärta rapporterades av 23% av alla individer i SIH-studien 2004. Ländryggen var den vanligaste smärtlokalisationen hos både pojkar och flickor och smärtan ökade främst från årskurs 6 till 9. Fler flickor än pojkar rapporterade ryggsmärta. Mindre andel individer med ländryggssmärta tävlade i drott eller deltog i idrottsförening och de unga med ländryggssmärta uppgav mer stress, trötthet och nedstämdhet än individer utan ryggsmärta. Signifikant fler individer med ländryggssmärta ägnade mer tid att chatta/surfa på internet och spela dataspel på helgerna än individerna utan ryggsmärta (p=0,047). / Abstract. Purpose and Issues: The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence of back pain in a random sample of Swedish adolescents in the SIH-survey 2004, a national survey about health in children and adolescents and possible factors of importance of physical activity in their surrounding. The aim was also to describe the gender and age distribution and if those with back pain in 2004 had back pain 3 years earlier. Furthermore, the aim was to encode back pain in four different fields, marked on a paindrawing, and examine whether there were differences between children and adolescents with low back pain and those without back pain and physical activity, physical inactivity, and psychological factors such as stress, depression and fatigue.  Method: Children and adolescents 12, 15 and 18 years old answered the question in a questionnaire: Do you have a sore back today, and highlighted back pain on a paindrawing. The coded backpain was mapped by four anatomical locations, or fields: 1) neck, 2) thoracic spine, 3) lumbar and 4) pain in more than one field at the back. The coded back pain and gender and age distribution were described. Field 3) lumbar spine, were studied separately and relationships between factors in the SIH-study questionnaire that represents physical activity and physical inactivity and stress, fatigue and depression compared with individuals without back pain. Results: Back pain was reported by 23%, 274 individuals, of all participating in the study and significantly more girls than boys reported back pain. Back pain was reported by 23% already in 2001. The lower back was the most common location of pain in both boys and girls and was reported by 46% of individuals who reported back pain. More girls 60% than boys 40% reported low back pain. The pain increased most from grades 6 to 9 in individuals with low back pain and pain in more than one field at the back. Less number of individuals with low back pain were competing in sports and participated in a sports-club. Young people with low back pain reported significantly more stress, fatigue and depression (p<0,001). Conclusion: Back pain was reported by 23% of all individuals participating in the SIH-study 2004. The lower back was the most common location of pain in both boys and girls and the pain increased primarily from grades 6 to 9. Less number of individuals with low back pain competed in sports and participated in a sports-club. Individuals with low back pain reported significantly more stress, fatigue and depression than individuals without back pain (p<0,001). Significantly more individuals with low back pain played computer games and chatted/surfed on the internet during weekends than individuals without backpain (p=0,047).

The topic of this work – „The physical therapy management of a patient with low back pain in sanatorium „Lietuva“. The study was caried out in sanatorium „Lietuva“ Druskininkai from 2003 to 2004. 60 participants took part in the study. The age of participants from 18 to 74. First group (9 men and 21 women) with low back pain to continue exercing after treatment at home and second control group (5 men and 25 women) noexercing at home. The course of treatment consisted 14 day 30 – 45 min two time by day 6 day by weak. The purpose of study carried out by us was determine the change of the pain and the functioal state of the back muscles in the course of these procedures. Pain intensity (visual analog skale) in the active rehabilitation group (p<0,05) than in the passive control treatmen group after treatment was 3,07 ± 0,14 points. The abdominal muscle strangeht and abdominal and lumbar muscle endurance change the exercise time in both groups but in the active exercise group significanty more (p<0,05) after 14 day treatment. The spine muscle flexibility was still greater in both groups after programmed exercise. The study show that the patient must to do actine exercise at home because the pain did not disappear after therapy.

The purpose of this research is twofold: 1) to apply a user-centred approach to examine the usability and acceptability of an on-body ergonomic aid called the Personal Lift Assistive Device (PLAD) in a variety of industrial work environments and 2) to utilize subjective user acceptability data on discomfort, pain and overall PLAD assessment by participants to identify design features that need improvement in the next PLAD iteration. Case studies took place in four different industrial work environments: two distribution centre environments, one retail store environment and one automotive assembly plant environment. These environments were selected to represent different industrial work environments. In total, 20 industrial workers were selected to wear the PLAD and provide their feedback. Results were obtained using subjective questionnaires through verbal and written comments as well as through direct observation of the participants. Three major design changes occurred to the original PLAD iteration tested at the first industrial location. These included: 1) using different stiffness levels of springs for different sizes of individuals in an attempt to decrease discomfort and optimize the effectiveness of the PLAD, 2) an increase in pelvic spacer size and surface area contacting the user’s body to reduce discomfort and 3) modification to the shoulder harness including; shape, dimensions and amount of cushioning to reduce discomfort. Currently, three major design changes were identified and still need to be addressed. These include: 1) reduction of thermal discomfort caused by wearing the PLAD, 2) validation of selecting the appropriate spring stiffness for small, medium and large users of the PLAD (male and female) under various working postures and 3) simplification of the donning and doffing process. Additionally, a simple PLAD spring stiffness sizing chart was created to aid potential manufacturers of the PLAD to select the appropriate spring stiffness for various users of the PLAD. This sizing chart was designed to maintain an average lumbar moment reduction of 15%, while taking discomfort of the shoulders caused by the spring stiffness and overall cost into consideration. / Thesis (Master, Kinesiology & Health Studies) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-28 09:03:01.463

<p>Low back pain (LBP) is a growing health and socio-economic problem worldwide, affecting humans from adolescent to adult age. In developed countries, more than 80% of adults are at risk of suffering a disabling episode of LBP at one point during their life time. In developing countries, particularly in Africa, the life time prevalence of LBP varies in population groups, but the disability due to LBP is increasing. The aetiology of LBP is multifactorial, and there is still no consensus on the exact cause and contributing factors to LBP. In addition, little is known about patients&rsquo / knowledge and beliefs on the contributing factors to their LBP. The current study therefore, aimed to identify patients&rsquo / knowledge, attitudes and beliefs on the contributing factors to LBP, among patients attending physiotherapy outpatient departments in Malawi.</p>

No description available.

Background: Approximately 40% of low back pain cases are attributed to internal disc disruption. Since mechanical loading directly affects intradiscal pressure and the stresses that the inner annulus fibrosus experiences, the mechanism that leads to disruption of the inner annulus fibrosus may be linked to changes in intradiscal pressure. Hence, there is a need to examine how intradiscal pressure changes over time during a flexion extension cyclic (FEC) loading protocol known to induce internal disc disruption. Purpose: 1) To determine whether a bore-screw pressure sensor system could be used as an alternative sensor for measuring intradiscal pressure, and 2) to characterize changes in intradiscal pressure, moments, and axial deformation using a FEC loading protocol. Study 1 summary: Technical specifications of the bore-screw pressure sensor system were compared to the needle pressure sensor. The error projected at a static compressive load of 1500 N was approximately eight percent and the bore-screw pressure sensor had an excellent dynamic response compared to the needle pressure sensor. Study 2 methods: The bore-screw pressure sensor system was successfully instrumented in 14 porcine specimens. The FEC loading protocol consisted of 3600 cycles of 1 Hz flexion-extension movement while applying a 1500 N compressive load. The four dependent variables collected were intradiscal pressure, moment, axial deformation, and angular displacement. Study 2 results: Intradiscal pressure and specimen height decreased by 45 % and 62 %, respectively, and the peak moment increased by 102 % following the FEC loading protocol. There were strong correlations between average intradiscal pressure and both peak moment and average axial deformation. The angle where maximum pressure occurred demonstrated a significant difference after 2700 cycles. There were no sequential changes in pressure difference after 2100 cycles. Twelve out of 14 specimens showed partial herniation (85.7%); however, the injury type was not correlated to the pressure change. Conclusions: Changes in intradiscal pressure were successfully characterized over time using a new pressure sensor system. Although the change in pressure difference was not predictive of an injury type, its increasing trend over time suggested that the inner annulus fibrosus failure mechanism may be related to fatigue.

Summary: Low back pain is the most common reason for referral to musculoskeletal care in the Canadian military. With healthcare seeking for musculoskeletal care rising over the past five years, and healthcare easily accessible for all military personnel, it is important to investigate factors that may contribute to high usage of the military healthcare system. Objective: To explore the association between LBP prognostic factors and musculoskeletal healthcare seeking for LBP in Canadian military population Methods: Historical cohort study, using data linkage. Results: In our exploratory analysis, fear of movement/(re)injury, Veterans Affairs compensation status, post-traumatic stress disorder, previous high use of musculoskeletal services, history of LBP, and military duty status were associated with healthcare seeking. For our confirmatory analysis, pain-related fear had an independent association with healthcare seeking in this population. Conclusion: Psychological and social factors are associated with the rate of musculoskeletal healthcare seeking in this military population.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2014. / Flexion distraction chiropractic technique (FDCT) is a commonly used manual therapy technique which is purported to address various clinical pain syndromes. However, it lacks the credibility of appropriate evidence-based guidelines. An analysis of the literature would be able to inform the development of guidelines. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to determine the evidence to support the use of FDCT in clinical practice. Data sources: A systematic review of PubMed and Summons was conducted, using the following search terms: chiropractic, flexion distraction, protocol and / or technique. Study selection: All electronic or paper, English articles, which possessed the required key indexing terms and represented randomised and non-randomised controlled study designs were included. Data extraction: Blinded review of the articles was conducted by three independent reviewers utilising the PEDro (for randomised controlled trials) and NOS for (non-randomised controlled trials). This allowed the methodological rigour of the article to be ranked. This ranking was compared to a critical appraisal of the article in order to achieve an overall decision with regards to the contribution of the article to the level of evidence for FDCT. Data synthesis: 18 review outcomes were aggregated around four clinical categories; two articles each on neck pain, chronic pelvic pain, and physiological outcomes and the remaining twelve on low back pain. There was agreement that the evidence for pelvic pain and physiological function was limited to no evidence and limited respectively. Conflicting evidence existed for neck and low back pain (single and multimodal treatment) with limited and moderate evidence respectively. Conclusion: FDCT is clinically advocated for many conditions. The evidence provided in this review indicates that practitioners should be guarded in their use of FDCT, as the evidence to its widespread use is limited to only those conditions noted in this review. Therefore, further high quality and rigorous studies are required to develop appropriate treatment guidelines for use by practitioners to adequately provide evidence based care in clinical practice.