My dissertation deals with the insurance responsibility for damage caused in relation with a major accident. The main goal of this task is to evaluate the state intervention in the form of a compulsory liability insurance for firms, which can cause a major accident. In my work I will support the thrust of the state intervention and will try to find a premise for that. I will show that the target of compulsory liability insurance is not to complicate life of new firms or of existing ones. I want to demonstrate that compulsory insurance leads to a better precaution for a major accident and it can also lead to precaution and safety investments. Further, I want to point out that compulsory insurance does not protect only firms, but also their creditors and employees. The protection company is to avoid a pointless risk in case that the firm itself takes too low an aversion towards risk. If the firm employes the compulsory liability insurance, the insurance company becomes another control body that is responsible for safety. This is consequently a benefit for taxpayers, whose money is not used for some damages caused by insolvent companies. The benefit for creditors and injured employees is also a big security in case of an accident, where an insurance company ensures a company's solvency. There are many other good reasons for compulsory insurance, and we can definitely find bad reasons too. Overall however, I see compulsory insurance as beneficial.

In few picked sources where ammonia occurs in an under-limited amount ,according to valid legislation, there will its outflow be modeled in various atmospheric conditions and its toxicity will be compared with other mostly used toxic substances. The danger for people living in the surroundings of under-limited sources will be evaluated from the results and the way for better safeness will be suggested.

This thesis deals with the assessment of safety of an industrial complex. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with basic information referring to an industrial complex and dangerous chemicals substances. The second chapter is devoted to the description of selective methods of CPR 18E. The third chapter is to identify risk sources of a serious accident in the industrial complex. The fourth chapter contains a general description of the HAZOP method. The last part represents a detailed analysis of risk sources of the serious accident by means of the HAZOP method and proposals for preventive measures.

Bakgrund: För att upprätthålla en så normal kvalitet på vården som möjligt och minska det psykiska och fysiska lidandet vid stora olyckor och katastrofer måste resurserna ledas och fördelas på ett annat sätt än i sjukvårdens vardagsorganisation. Detta medför en omställning i sättet att bedriva sjukvård på till katastrofmedicinsk metodik. Anestesisjuksköterskan är en viktig del i den katastrofmedicinska beredskapen men hur anestesisjuksköterskan själv uppfattar sin roll är ett sparsamt utforskat område. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskans uppfattning om sin roll vid stora olyckor och katastrofer. Metod: En kvalitativ metod användes, där 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med anestesisjuksköterskor har analyserats med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Efter analys framkom fyra kategorier; vara en del i något större, vara närmast patienten, genom sin profession känna trygghet och medvetenhet och få förutsättningar att fungera i sin roll. Det genomgående temat i anestesisjuksköterskans uppfattningar är att genom sin profession vara en livsviktig nyckelfunktion med vilja att verka i den på bästa sätt. Konklusion: Anestesisjuksköterskan har en betydelsefull och komplex roll i den katastrofmedicinska beredskapsorganisationen men efterfrågar kunskap och utbildning för att kunna verka effektivt och säkert. Den katastrofmedicinska beredskapen måste lyftas och medvetandegöras i verksamheten.

An extensive bibliographic search of domestic and foreign resources was elaborated within the diploma thesis. In the sphere of major accident prevention, risk analysis and assessment are necessary to fulfill the aims. The development of this sphere is mentioned in the thesis. It also discusses reasons why the exact and detailed instruction for those analyses cannot be provided and why the standard methods of risk analysis cannot be introduced (as well as the methods for particular risk recipients). The thesis also discusses available software tools for evaluating the emergency impacts. The study suggests the optimal software tool for simulation of emergency impacts in the conditions of the Czech Republic and also recommends the possible technical precautions for increasing safety of dangerous chemical substances. The conclusion contains discussion on the finding the author revealed and their relation to the information found in the literature and it also summarizes author’s opinion.