This study is a cultural investigation into rape, with specific focus on the role of African men. With more than 70 000 cases of rape and sexual violence reported in a year in South Africa, and estimations that this may reflect one ninth of the actual number only, South Africa has been labelled the “rape capital” of the world. The study seeks to explain the root causes of rape, its ontological make-up and possibilities for resolving the issue by identifying cultural aspects, factors and manifestations that either justify or sanction rape. Four concepts, namely, rape, masculinity, culture and rage, serve as the thematic lens for identifying and interrogating cultural conditions through multidisciplinary and Africancentred perspectives. The analyses contained in the study are based on a mapping process involving comparing the data from a wide range of literature and also focus group interviews. Highlighting the multi-layered complexities of rape as phenomena, the study then outlines recommendations for transformative work in research, cultural institutions, communities, families and men / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Philosophy of Education)

Thesis (Revise). / Includes bibliographical references (p. [339]-349) and index.

Thesis (Revise). / Includes bibliographical references (p. [339]-349) and index.

The purpose of this study is to explore how people construct their intimate relationships, and to describe the patterns of connection and disconnection and their meanings within the social and cultural contexts of these relationships. It attempts to describe how the participating couples' relationships may or may not have changed due to the research process consisting of reflections and joint story telling, and the interventions of the researcher. Social constructionism is the epistemological framework of this study and indepth unstructured interviews with a cohabiting and a married couple were conducted. Hermeneutics was the method used to analyse the data. The participants' stories were recounted through the researcher's lens in the form of themes characterising their relationships. A comparative analysis was undertaken between the common themes identified in the two participating couples and literature. The information gained could assist couples and professionals in respecting heterosexual intimate relationships in their specific contexts. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study examines the experiences of young adult women raised in non-resident father households in Tlokwe Local Municipality, North West. Focus groups and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 34 young women between the ages 18-25. Five important, nuanced themes emerged, these are: a) fathers who are physically present but emotionally absent, b) fathers who are physically present but uninvolved, c) fathers who are physically absent but involved, d) fathers who are physically present and involved and e) fathers who are absent and uninvolved. Non-resident fatherhood remains a challenge in the Tlokwe Municipality, most of the participants had never met their biological fathers. The study revealed the frustration young women feel towards their mothers and maternal grandparents for caring more about maintenance than they do about a healthy father-daughter relationship. The study further revealed a deep-seated need for close proximity and an involved type of fathering among the young women. / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology)

This thesis operates, unashamedly, from the premise that every act of criticism involves a self-reflexive gesture of one's own concerns and ideological imprintings. For this reason Chapter One establishes the writer's own involvement - both autobiographical and theoretical - in notions of male rage and the 'working through' of these concerns. Chapter Two conducts an overview of male rage and the extant systemic literature on the subject. It sets out the various positions on the subject and posits the importance of gender (over generation) in the praxis of therapy. Furthermore, it explores the possibility that the male is equally, but differently, troubled by the hegemonic forces of patriarchy as is the woman. Without diminishing the legitimacy of the woman's experience in the face of male rage, the argument is forwarded that the male is caught in a similar struggle but without the feminine articulatory resources. This chapter details the lack of male power in the face of his supposed muscular omnipotence. Seminal analytic approaches to the question of gender are raised in Chapter Three. Working through Freud, Klein, Lacan and Masters and Johnson an attempt is made to plot the 'evolution' of the feminine and the masculine. Central to this debate is the bi-polarization of gender relations within the same sex (biology/construction) and without (phallic/vaginal, clitoral, passive/active). What emerges is that femininity is bi-focal and that the woman has more resources at her disposal that hitherto acknowledged. While the woman is always double - as both clitoral and vaginal, as lover and mother- it appears that male sexuality is far more precarious than generally perceived. It is this dis-ease on the part of the male that translates itself into envy and, with it, the need to denigrate and belittle woman as the object of that envy. In Chapter 4 an attempt is made to overlap the seemingly divergent fields of analytic and systemic methodologies via the involvement of the therapist in the eco-system of analysis. The substantial role of the therapist -- and the coercive forces placed on him/her by the couple -- is used to modify Elkaim's model and to introduce the need for a telling of the particular stories that concentrate on the unique narratives of the warring couple rather than the patriarchal regime under which these stories are constrained. Before encountering these narratives an essay is made at establishing a methodology of sorts. Newton's scientific formulations are used in order to question the binary opposition that has been, historically, established between quantitative (male) and qualitative (female) methodologies. In the process of questioning this binary opposition it becomes clear that any form of objectifying approach constitutes a refuge from the messiness that is intrinsic to the therapeutic process. The experimental methodology that is posited is precisely one that engages in the narratives of male violence - four extracts are considered, each exposing different articulations of male violence. The question of female subjectivity (and the attendant power of the sorority) is returned to in light of these stories. Central to this section is the notion that male subjectivity is far more convoluted - perhaps more that the feminine counterpart - than initially conceived. The original identification with the (m)other forever displaces him in that the later identification with the father remains distant and contrived. For the purposes of maintaining the dialogic nature of this work, a feminist appraisal of the rage narratives concludes the thesis. Don Quixote is used, by way of an Epilogue, to offer three representations of male subjectivity and to look towards alternative subject positions for the male under patriarchy. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

The theories of social cognition and personal constructs compose the theoretical backdrop to this dissertation which deals with people's expectations regarding romantic partners and relationships.Five women were interviewed and a qualitative analysis undertaken and discussed with a view to elucidating the influence of one's parents, cultural background and individual identity on the development and functioning of expectations. These expectation are based on beliefs about men and relationships in general and about healthy and unhealthy relationships in particular. Attension is given to the role of relationship beliefs and expectations in evaluations of romantic relationships and the consequences of such evaluations for relationship satisfaction and commitment. It is concluded that expectations play an important role in the process of partner and relationship eva,uation and thus, in the outcome of relationships. Parental and cultural influences are found to play an important part in shaping individual values and expetations, albeit in an indirect manner. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Sabemos que o militarismo implica em um padrão de conduta muito rigoroso, no qual impera uma doutrina baseada na hierarquia, na disciplina e na obediência, que, muitas vezes, transpõe os limites do ambiente de trabalho afetando a família. Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral investigar as particularidades presentes na conjugalidade de militares graduados da Força Aérea Brasileira, na perspectiva das esposas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que tem como corpus seis entrevistas com esposas de militares. As entrevistas foram analisadas de acordo com a técnica da análise de conteúdo temática. Concluímos que existem sim peculiaridades nessa configuração familiar. Observamos que no processo de formação do casal, a distância da família e da cidade de origem, acompanhado da pressão emocional vivenciada nos quartéis, levam os militares a constituir uma família muito cedo. Percebemos que a passagem da conjugalidade para a parentalidade é vivenciada num contexto de falta de planejamento e de apoio da família de origem, visto que, muitas vezes, os casais se encontram em outra cidade. Os valores assimilados nas escolas de formação militar e reforçados diariamente no serviço são transportados para dentro da família, refletindo diretamente nas relações do casal e na dinâmica familiar. Contudo, constatamos que a disciplina foi vista por algumas esposas como um aspecto positivo, enquanto a hierarquia foi percebida como algo negativo do militarismo. Observamos também que os papéis exercidos dentro da família refletem uma divisão de trabalho claramente delimitada entre atribuições masculinas e femininas, assemelhando-se à configuração tradicional da família patriarcal. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para a realização de outros estudos, uma vez que há uma escassez de pesquisas voltadas para o tema da Família militar. / We know that the military implies a very strict standard of conduct, where the prevailing one based on hierarchy, discipline and obedience, which often crosses the boundaries of the workplace affecting family doctrine. This work had as main objective to investigate the particular gifts of the marital senior military Brazilian Air Force , the perspective of the wives . This is a qualitative research whose corpus six interviews with military spouses . The interviews were analyzed according to the technique of thematic content analysis . We conclude that yes there are peculiarities in this family setting . We observed that the formation process of the couple , distance from family and hometown, accompanied by emotional pressure experienced in the barracks , leading the military to raise a family too early . We realize that the transition from conjugal to parenthood is experienced in the context of lack of planning and support from family of origin , as often couples find themselves in another city . The values ​​assimilated in the schools of military and reinforced daily in -service training are transported into the family, reflecting directly on couple relationships and family dynamics . However , we found that the discipline was seen by some wives as a positive aspect , while the hierarchy was perceived as something negative militarism . We also observed that the roles played within the family reflect a clearly defined division of labor between male and female functions, resembling the traditional setting of the patriarchal family . It is hoped that this work will contribute to further studies , since there is a dearth of research focused on the theme of the Military Family .

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:29:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cinthia_jaqueline_silva_cavalcanti.pdf: 15419010 bytes, checksum: 5b72fc53c2b649e6c10bd0438812ef1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-01 / We know that the military implies a very strict standard of conduct, where the prevailing one based on hierarchy, discipline and obedience, which often crosses the boundaries of the workplace affecting family doctrine. This work had as main objective to investigate the particular gifts of the marital senior military Brazilian Air Force , the perspective of the wives . This is a qualitative research whose corpus six interviews with military spouses . The interviews were analyzed according to the technique of thematic content analysis . We conclude that yes there are peculiarities in this family setting . We observed that the formation process of the couple , distance from family and hometown, accompanied by emotional pressure experienced in the barracks , leading the military to raise a family too early . We realize that the transition from conjugal to parenthood is experienced in the context of lack of planning and support from family of origin , as often couples find themselves in another city . The values ​​assimilated in the schools of military and reinforced daily in -service training are transported into the family, reflecting directly on couple relationships and family dynamics . However , we found that the discipline was seen by some wives as a positive aspect , while the hierarchy was perceived as something negative militarism . We also observed that the roles played within the family reflect a clearly defined division of labor between male and female functions, resembling the traditional setting of the patriarchal family . It is hoped that this work will contribute to further studies , since there is a dearth of research focused on the theme of the Military Family . / Sabemos que o militarismo implica em um padrão de conduta muito rigoroso, no qual impera uma doutrina baseada na hierarquia, na disciplina e na obediência, que, muitas vezes, transpõe os limites do ambiente de trabalho afetando a família. Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral investigar as particularidades presentes na conjugalidade de militares graduados da Força Aérea Brasileira, na perspectiva das esposas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que tem como corpus seis entrevistas com esposas de militares. As entrevistas foram analisadas de acordo com a técnica da análise de conteúdo temática. Concluímos que existem sim peculiaridades nessa configuração familiar. Observamos que no processo de formação do casal, a distância da família e da cidade de origem, acompanhado da pressão emocional vivenciada nos quartéis, levam os militares a constituir uma família muito cedo. Percebemos que a passagem da conjugalidade para a parentalidade é vivenciada num contexto de falta de planejamento e de apoio da família de origem, visto que, muitas vezes, os casais se encontram em outra cidade. Os valores assimilados nas escolas de formação militar e reforçados diariamente no serviço são transportados para dentro da família, refletindo diretamente nas relações do casal e na dinâmica familiar. Contudo, constatamos que a disciplina foi vista por algumas esposas como um aspecto positivo, enquanto a hierarquia foi percebida como algo negativo do militarismo. Observamos também que os papéis exercidos dentro da família refletem uma divisão de trabalho claramente delimitada entre atribuições masculinas e femininas, assemelhando-se à configuração tradicional da família patriarcal. Espera-se que este trabalho possa contribuir para a realização de outros estudos, uma vez que há uma escassez de pesquisas voltadas para o tema da Família militar.

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