Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Lean manufacturing is a term that we have been hearing very often in many sectors and areas. Lean started as a manufacturing system and philosophy that was first developed by Toyota using key production principles that were introduced by Henry Ford. After successful implementations and great results in quality, cost and service levels, lean is now considered as a business system or as a culture. Lean principles and tools are widely used in every step of an entire process, from customer service to supply chain management. Although there are a lot of success stories about lean implementations, many companies are also struggling to adapt their culture towards the implementation of lean principles. In this thesis, standardization of lean manufacturing is studied and an analysis is provided to discuss if standardization would help eliminate the major obstacles that hinder successful lean implementation. Potential benefits and disadvantages of having standards for lean enterprises are analyzed. As a part of the research a survey was conducted to get feedback from lean professionals about standardization. The survey results suggest that there is an overall support for lean standardization. However, there are both positive and negative views about the potential benefits and disadvantages of using lean standards as an implementation guide. A case study is also provided to measure the benefits of lean and to understand how lean standards may help companies implement lean principles. Based on a simulation model that was develop to verify the benefits, a 15 % reduction in inventory carrying cost and a 5% reduction in total queue time was predicted.

Lean manufacturing is a term that we have been hearing very often in many sectors and areas. Lean started as a manufacturing system and philosophy that was first developed by Toyota using key production principles that were introduced by Henry Ford. After successful implementations and great results in quality, cost and service levels, lean is now considered as a business system or as a culture. Lean principles and tools are widely used in every step of an entire process, from customer service to supply chain management. Although there are a lot of success stories about lean implementations, many companies are also struggling to adapt their culture towards the implementation of lean principles. In this thesis, standardization of lean manufacturing is studied and an analysis is provided to discuss if standardization would help eliminate the major obstacles that hinder successful lean implementation. Potential benefits and disadvantages of having standards for lean enterprises are analyzed. As a part of the research a survey was conducted to get feedback from lean professionals about standardization. The survey results suggest that there is an overall support for lean standardization. However, there are both positive and negative views about the potential benefits and disadvantages of using lean standards as an implementation guide. A case study is also provided to measure the benefits of lean and to understand how lean standards may help companies implement lean principles. Based on a simulation model that was develop to verify the benefits, a 15 % reduction in inventory carrying cost and a 5% reduction in total queue time was predicted.

Environmental protection is a hot issue around in the world. Many governments and industries have put a lot of resources and efforts to take their responsibility of environmental protection in their daily operation and to establish correspondence environmental management system in their field. One of the international standards - ISO 14001 is a standard to assist to monitor and standardize the environmental management system in a company. Many studies have reported that implementation of ISO 14001 can provide different advantages to the company, such as improvement of image, improvement of environmental performance, improvement of efficiency of environmental policies, etc.. However, in the point of view of environmental protection, the most important is the actions of a person. Environmental protection should be done by everyone in the world, but not just in a company or an industry. If the implementation of ISO 14001 can affect a person to become more environmental friendly, it is worth to the environment. Nevertheless, there are few studies to investigate the effects and impacts of implementation of ISO 14001 to a person, especially in the property management industry. Therefore, in this paper, the impacts of implementation of ISO 14001 to the residents in the property management industry had been studies qualitatively. Three impacts, which are behaviors, awareness and knowledge of environmental protection, to the residents are investigated. The result found out that these are positively affected when ISO 14001 has been implemented in the properties. In conclusion, further research should be carried out to get an in-depth investigation as the sample size in this paper is limited and an absolute result cannot be got. However, the result is encouraging as implementation of ISO 14001 can positively affect the person living in the property and there are benefits to the environment due to their actions. / published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Uma rede local necessita ter a sua configuração gerenciada para manter a sua utilidade dentro da organização a qual pertence. Esta gerencia a complicada pela heterogeneidade da rede e pela sua importância dentro da organização. A tentativa de solucionar este problema passa pela utilização de um padrão de gerencia de rede e pelo desenvolvimento de ferramentas que permitam a gerencia eficiente da rede pelo administrador. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de gerencia de configuração de redes locais. São apresentados os objetos gerenciados necessários a gerencia de configuração. Parte destes objetos são previamente definidos pela IAB (Internet Activities Board) em normas; e parte 6 definida neste trabalho. Os objetos são definidos de acordo com o formato proposto pela IAB. Entretanto, para que os objetos sejam definidos, é necessário, antes, que as funções de gerencia de configuração_ sejam delineadas. Os objetos são definidos a partir das funções que se deseja executar. Portanto, antes da apresentação dos objetos, são definidas funções de gerencia de configuração. Também é apresentada a implementação de um protótipo de gerente que realiza varias das funções definidas no trabalho, utilizando o padrão SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). Este protótipo utiliza o pacote de programas CMU (Carnegie Mellon University) SNMP para a implementação das funções. A partir do protótipo pode-se perceber como se realizam as funções de gerencia e como deve ser a interface de , um gerente de configuração, a fim de que este seja •realmente útil nas tarefas do administrador da rede. Por ultimo, e feita uma modelagem dos objetos gerenciados de acordo com a norma OSI (Open Systems Interconnection). Várias são as modificações decorrentes delta modelagem diferenciada. Silo apresentadas as diferenças que ocorrem na gerencia de configuração quando se utiliza o modelo de dados OSI, em vez do modelo de dados Internet. / In order to keep a LAN useful to its organization, its configuration has to be managed. Heterogenity and importance of networks makes management more difficult. An attempt to solve this problem has to consider the management standards and the development of tools which allow an efficient network management. This work presents a proposal of local area network configuration management. Managed objects necessary to manage configuration are presented. Part of these objects are, previously, define in IAB (Internet Activities Board) standards, and part of them are defined here. Objects are defined according to the format proposed by IAB. However, before the definition of objects, it is necessary to define configuration management functions. Objects are defined according to the functions one wants to implement. Thus, before the presentation of objects, configuration management functions are defined. It is also presented a manager prototype which executes many of the functions defined in this work, using SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). The prototype uses CMU (Carnegie Mellon University) SNMP software package to implement functions. It is possible to notice, from the prototype, how functions are realized and which characteristics the interface of a configuration manager must have to be useful in the tasks performed by human manager. Finally, modelling of managed objects is done according to OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) standards. Many changes occur because of this diferent modelling. The changes in configuration management which occurs when one uses OSI data model, instead of Internet data model, are presented.

Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-04-13T18:52:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Abud, Luciana Maia.pdf: 1491222 bytes, checksum: 835f0a4fc7887a1ab7b2e16401d7ae1b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-05-05T20:00:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Abud, Luciana Maia.pdf: 1491222 bytes, checksum: 835f0a4fc7887a1ab7b2e16401d7ae1b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-05T20:00:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Abud, Luciana Maia.pdf: 1491222 bytes, checksum: 835f0a4fc7887a1ab7b2e16401d7ae1b (MD5) / De acordo com dados de pesquisas e estudos técnicos, verifica-se que a atuação das empresas em Responsabilidade Social (RS) ainda demanda avanços em sua aplicabilidade, e muito tem a ser feito para que contribua para o desenvolvimento local. Considerando que atualmente há ferramentas e normas disponíveis que podem apoiar processos de gestão que contribuam para a melhoria deste cenário, tem-se a seguinte questão-problema: como as normas de responsabilidade social podem auxiliar o ambiente empresarial com vistas ao desenvolvimento local sustentável? Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar as Normas ABNT NBR ISO 26000:2010 – Diretrizes sobre Responsabilidade Social e ABNT NBR 16001:2012 – Responsabilidade Social – Sistemas de Gestão – Requisitos e propor alternativas para que as empresas possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento local sustentável do Estado da Bahia. Logo, foram revisados os conceitos chaves Desenvolvimento Local e Responsabilidade Social e apresentado o contexto da responsabilidade social empresarial no Estado da Bahia, com registros históricos, dados e análises detalhadas da situação baseada em diagnósticos técnicos, que são pano de fundo para os resultados e conclusões da pesquisa. As normas foram detalhadas e também a correlação entre elas com as convergências, desconexões e complementariedades. A metodologia constou da análise qualitativa de dados primários, quais sejam as referidas normas e entrevistas, realizadas no Brasil e na Colômbia, com líderes empresariais e executivos de organizações sociais afins aos temas do estudo. Com os resultados foram propostas recomendações para as empresas quanto a utilização das diretrizes para a contribuição para desenvolvimento local sustentável, factíveis à estrutura empresarial do estado, que na sua maioria é de pequenas empresas com práticas iniciais de responsabilidade social. A recomendação fundamental é a definição de uma visão de longo prazo para o desenvolvimento sustentável, que contemple o desenvolvimento de competências colaborativas para o engajamento participativo nas questões locais, sendo a empresa um dos atores, em conjunto com os demais (governos, organizações, comunidades, outras empresas, etc.). According to research data and technical studies, it appears that the performance of compa-nies in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) still requires advances in applicability, and a lot has to be done to contribute to local development. Considering currently tools and stand-ards available that can support management processes to contribute to the improvement of this scenario that is the following problem-question: how standards of social responsibility can help the business environment to promote sustainable local development? This study´s princi-pal goal was to analyze the ABNT NBR ISO 26000:2010 - Guidance on Social Responsibility and ABNT NBR 16001:2012 - Social Responsibility - Management Systems – Requirements and to propose alternatives to the use by companies so that they can contribute to the sustain-able local development of the State of Bahia. Therefore, the key concepts of Local Develop-ment and Social Responsibility were reviewed and the context of corporate social responsi-bility in the State of Bahia was presented, with historical records, data and detailed analysis of the situation based on research and technical studies, which are the backdrop for the results and research findings. The standards were defined and the correlation between them with the convergences, disconnections and complementarities. The methodology consisted of a quali-tative analysis of primary data, which are those rules and interviews, conducted in Brazil and Colombia, with business leaders and executives from social organizations related to the themes of the study. With the results, recommendations were proposed for companies to use as guidelines for the contribution to a sustainable local development, feasible to the business structure of the state, most of which are small companies with early practices of social re-sponsibility. A key recommendation is the definition of a long-term vision for sustainable development, involving the development of collaborative skills to participatory engagement in local issues, and the company is one of the actors, together with others (governments, organi-zations, communities, other companies, etc.).

Huge amounts of energy are consumed by hospitals to improve the health environment for patients. This energy needs to be stable and continuous. Therefore, it is necessary to manage energy consumption. The purpose of this research is to study the energy management performance in hospitals in Saudi Arabia aiming to develop theoretical framework for energy management and to provide guideline to support implementing an effective energy management system in hospitals. This research consists of two main parts. The first part involves the assessment of the level of energy management program and the gathering of energy consumption quantitative data from five hospitals in order to determine the level of implementation of energy management program and the amounts and percentage of annual change in electricity consumption per bed in hospitals. The second part involves the inspection of the opinions of hospital top technical managers regarding energy management in their hospitals and their knowledge in auditing procedures, energy efficiency barriers, awareness to energy management and percentage of expected amount of saved energy. The research delivers recommendations tailored to the health sector in Saudi Arabia that encourages implementing energy management programs in hospitals to save energy, increase energy efficiency and improve energy management awareness.

Uma rede local necessita ter a sua configuração gerenciada para manter a sua utilidade dentro da organização a qual pertence. Esta gerencia a complicada pela heterogeneidade da rede e pela sua importância dentro da organização. A tentativa de solucionar este problema passa pela utilização de um padrão de gerencia de rede e pelo desenvolvimento de ferramentas que permitam a gerencia eficiente da rede pelo administrador. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de gerencia de configuração de redes locais. São apresentados os objetos gerenciados necessários a gerencia de configuração. Parte destes objetos são previamente definidos pela IAB (Internet Activities Board) em normas; e parte 6 definida neste trabalho. Os objetos são definidos de acordo com o formato proposto pela IAB. Entretanto, para que os objetos sejam definidos, é necessário, antes, que as funções de gerencia de configuração_ sejam delineadas. Os objetos são definidos a partir das funções que se deseja executar. Portanto, antes da apresentação dos objetos, são definidas funções de gerencia de configuração. Também é apresentada a implementação de um protótipo de gerente que realiza varias das funções definidas no trabalho, utilizando o padrão SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). Este protótipo utiliza o pacote de programas CMU (Carnegie Mellon University) SNMP para a implementação das funções. A partir do protótipo pode-se perceber como se realizam as funções de gerencia e como deve ser a interface de , um gerente de configuração, a fim de que este seja •realmente útil nas tarefas do administrador da rede. Por ultimo, e feita uma modelagem dos objetos gerenciados de acordo com a norma OSI (Open Systems Interconnection). Várias são as modificações decorrentes delta modelagem diferenciada. Silo apresentadas as diferenças que ocorrem na gerencia de configuração quando se utiliza o modelo de dados OSI, em vez do modelo de dados Internet. / In order to keep a LAN useful to its organization, its configuration has to be managed. Heterogenity and importance of networks makes management more difficult. An attempt to solve this problem has to consider the management standards and the development of tools which allow an efficient network management. This work presents a proposal of local area network configuration management. Managed objects necessary to manage configuration are presented. Part of these objects are, previously, define in IAB (Internet Activities Board) standards, and part of them are defined here. Objects are defined according to the format proposed by IAB. However, before the definition of objects, it is necessary to define configuration management functions. Objects are defined according to the functions one wants to implement. Thus, before the presentation of objects, configuration management functions are defined. It is also presented a manager prototype which executes many of the functions defined in this work, using SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). The prototype uses CMU (Carnegie Mellon University) SNMP software package to implement functions. It is possible to notice, from the prototype, how functions are realized and which characteristics the interface of a configuration manager must have to be useful in the tasks performed by human manager. Finally, modelling of managed objects is done according to OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) standards. Many changes occur because of this diferent modelling. The changes in configuration management which occurs when one uses OSI data model, instead of Internet data model, are presented.