Lean is a popular management method used in varying sectors including the welfare sector. There is a lot of research regarding leans efficacy but its effects on job satisfaction is poorly understood. Regarding this effect within the welfare sector there seems to be a complete lack research. The aim of this study was twofold. Firstly, to examine what the current research says about the relationship between lean and job satisfaction. Secondly to explore the operationalization of lean regarding that research. The method chosen was a systematic literature review. In analyzing the results, I used empowerment theory and theories about the operationalization of lean. This study found that the research shows a mixed picture. In general, the research showed a positive correlation between lean and job satisfaction but there are several contradictory findings. The limited amount of research, lacking operationalization and inadequate descriptions about the actual usage of lean means there is little room for drawing conclusions. However there seems to be a consensus regarding participatory work practices and empowerment within lean. Theses can have a positive effect on job satisfaction provided the organization gives enough support to the employees. This study has also attempted to generalize the conclusions about lean and job satisfaction towards the context of social work. From a theoretical perspective there could be a balance in lean where it leads to increased job satisfaction for the social worker. There are however glaring issues with implementing lean within the context of social work and it needs to be studied in more detail in order to draw any real conclusions.