Thesis (M.J.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-152). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-80). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2005. / "May 2005." Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-47).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-80). Also available on the Internet.

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-11-05T14:32:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO LUISA SAAD.pdf: 3162839 bytes, checksum: a968584caf2875d4160b5e1761886835 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela (anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-11-18T18:36:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO LUISA SAAD.pdf: 3162839 bytes, checksum: a968584caf2875d4160b5e1761886835 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-18T18:36:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO LUISA SAAD.pdf: 3162839 bytes, checksum: a968584caf2875d4160b5e1761886835 (MD5) / Esta dissertação discute o processo histórico que culminou na proibição da maconha no Brasil em 1932. Para tanto, faz uma análise de teses médicas escritas desde o final do século XIX até as primeiras décadas do século XX. Destaca-se a atuação do médico e político Rodrigues Dória, cujos escritos serviram de base para tornar ilegal o uso da maconha que ele e outros médicos da época apontavam como um hábito trazido pelos escravos africanos, considerados raça inferior segundo ideias então em voga. No cenário político de uma Abolição e uma República recém-decretadas, se intensificou a visão de que os hábitos e práticas dos negros seriam obstáculos para concretizar os anseios por uma nação civilizada. O consumo de maconha constituía, assim, um dos empecilhos à modernização e ao progresso, uma vez que seus usuários tenderiam a adquirir comportamentos violentos, imorais ou insanos. A criminalização da maconha esteve associada à criminalização das práticas culturais de seus usuários, como foi o caso dos cultos afro-brasileiros como o candomblé. This paper discusses the historical process which culminated in the prohibition of marijuana in Brazil in 1932. Therefore, it analyzes medical theses written from the end of the nineteenth century until the first decades of the twentieth century. It highlights the role of the physician and politician Rodrigues Dória, whose writings were the basis for outlawing marijuana use. Rodrigues Dória and other doctors of that time indicated this use a habit brought by the African slaves, considered an inferior race, according to the ideias of that time. On a political scene of Abolition and Republic recently enacted, the view that the habits and practices of the black would be an obstacle to fulfill the aspirations of a civilized nation was intensified. Marijuana consumption thus constituted one of the obstacles to modernization and progress, since its users tended to get violent, immoral or insane. The criminalization of marijuana was associated with the criminalization of the cultural practices of its users, as it happened to the afro-brazilian cults, like candomblé.

This thesis examines the history of legal and illegal narcotics in the United States. This thesis explores the impact criminalizing drug use has on communities of color. The current criminal justice system seeks to correct behavior society and the law deems deviant but has not proven to be effective as shown by rates of recidivism. The present research uses a literature review to investigate how alternative dispute resolution practices and prison abolition meet the needs of the criminal justice system. The purpose of this thesis is to examine two proposed reforms: one that would abolish prison sentences except in cases where offenders pose a high risk to public safety, and another that would employ conflict resolution techniques to serve the retributive, and rehabilitative purposes of the criminal sanction. This thesis will suggest that these proposed reforms, if undertaken concurrently, will likely shrink the US prison population while advancing penal goals.

Purpose: We aim to characterize a large cohort of CVS patients seen at MGH in order to better understand this disorder. In addition, as CVS patients are known to have a higher cannabis use than those with other functional disorders, characteristics specific to CVS marijuana user patients have yet to be determined. Therefore, we aim to determine the variables that are patient specific predictors of cannabis use in CVS. Methods: All patients with a CVS diagnosis were seen at our facility as inpatient, outpatient or in the emergency department and medical record numbers were identified via Research Patient Data Registry (RPDR) query search tool. From the medical records, we verified a diagnosis of CVS based on Rome III criteria and collected information on demographics, co-morbidities, health care utilization and substance abuse history over a 16 year time period (1997-2013). We then proposed patient specific predictor variables of marijuana use based on our experience with CVS patients and incorporated these variables into a model for predicting marijuana use. We used this model to examine the effect of patient characteristics on marijuana use via logistic regression with estimation of odds ratio and 95% confidence ratio. Results: A total of 91 CVS patients were obtained, 67% of which were male with a mean age of 28 years old, average age of first attack of 20.2 years and employment or full time student status in 62% of patients. Psychiatric conditions were present in 73% of individuals with anxiety present in 50% and depression in 47%. The presence of a chronic pain syndrome was found in 40%. Marijuana use was present in 76% of our cohort, daily alcohol use 53%, and narcotic use 27%. Men with CVS were at significantly greater risk for marijuana use compared to women (OR .23, 95% CI .07-.77) as well as daily alcohol use (OR 5.26, 95% CI 1.469-18.828). Individuals with a chronic pain syndrome were at significantly lower risk for cannabis use (OR .15, 95% CI .039-.575) and psychiatric illness, age and narcotic use were found not to be associated with marijuana use. On average, individuals presented to the ED 1.6 times/year with one patient having a high of 208 ED visits/year. Of those that presented more than once during the time period in study there was a median interval between visits of 103.6 days. Conclusion: We found that CVS patients had significant psychiatric co-morbidities, chronic pain syndromes, and history of substance abuse. We found male gender and alcohol use to be two variables that were predictors of marijuana use in the CVS population while the presence of a chronic pain syndrome decreased the likelihood of marijuana use. The significant employment rate and full time student status of our cohort suggests a higher degree of functionality. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the role of marijuana use in the CVS population in terms of quality of life, health care utilization, and severity of disease.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:52:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 almeida_es_me_mar.pdf: 529071 bytes, checksum: 1c1f02ea7bcfe23807dd821d4daf9272 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O uso de substâncias psicoativas ilícitas ou lícitas, entre os jovens, é um assunto que vem sendo muito discutido pela sociedade. Uma droga bastante comum em nossa sociedade é a maconha (cannabis sativa) e o consumo desta substância, assim como o de outras drogas, pode ter conseqüências legais, sociais e físicas. O entendimento desta conduta passa pelo conhecimento de dois pontos. O primeiro ponto diz respeito à autonomia moral; descrevemos o conceito de autonomia para a Filosofia e para a Psicologia. O segundo ponto se concentra na maconha; sua história; a conduta do usuário; e dados epidemiológicos do mundo, do Brasil, de São Paulo e do Ensino Superior; e por fim a investigação do uso em um campus universitário. Dentro da Psicologia estudamos o desenvolvimento da autonomia baseados no trabalho de Piaget e planejamos uma avaliação da mesma baseados na moral judgment interview – MJI, desenvolvida por Kohlberg. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas. Primeiro foi feito um levantamento do uso de diversas drogas entre 155 formandos; em seguida selecionamos usuários e não-usuários e aplicamos a MJI para avaliar seu julgamento sociomoral. Essa segunda etapa também contava com questões sobre uso abusivo de maconha que só foram respondidas por usuários. Os dados demonstraram que 23,3 % dos participantes fazem ou já fizeram uso de maconha; a maioria dos usuários (71,0%) faz uso de álcool; a religião funciona como fator de proteção ao uso de maconha; nem idade, nem sexo, nem classe social são relevantes na conduta de uso. A entrevista demonstrou que a maioria dos alunos se encontram no Nível Convencional, mais especificamente no estágio 4 e que, dos usuários de maconha, a maior parte não faz uso abusivo. / The use of licit or illicit psychoactive substances, among young people, is a subject which has been discussed by society. A very common drug in our society is marijuana (cannabis sativa), and the consumption of this substance, as well as the use of other legal or illegal drugs, may have legal, social and physical consequences. To understand this behavior it is necessary to consider two points. The first point is about the moral autonomy; we describe the concept of autonomy to Philosophy and Psychology. The second point is centered in marijuana; its history; the user behavior; and epidemiological data from the world, from Brazil, from São Paulo and from College; and at last the research about the use in a college campus. In Psychology, we studied the development of autonomy using the work of Jean Piaget and we planned an evaluation on the same subject based on the Moral judgment interview – MJI, developed by Kohlberg. The research was organized in two stages. In the first stage we did a survey of several drugs with 155 under graduation students; then, we selected users and non-users and applied the MJI to evaluate their socio-moral judgment. This second stage also had questions about the abusive use of marijuana, which were answered only by users. Data showed that 23, 3% of the participants do or at least once did use marijuana; the majority of users (71, 0%) consume alcohol; religion works as a protection factor against the use of marijuana; nor age, gender or social group are relevant for the use behavior. The interview showed that students are at the Conventional level, most of them in the stage four, in which most of the marijuana users don’t make abusive use.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2017-09-18T13:50:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1906367 bytes, checksum: 8946a61ba5f010c2a28398ef45f7e676 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-18T13:50:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1906367 bytes, checksum: 8946a61ba5f010c2a28398ef45f7e676 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present work is a qualitative-quantitative research that aims to carry out the critical analysis of the discourses that underpin the current drug policy in the light of human rights. Believing in the relationship between knowledge, power and truth, we will study the interweaving of these categories in the structuring of drug discourses in Brazil and Paraíba - with special emphasis on the discursive analysis of medical and legal knowledge - and from a critique of human rights violations imposed by prohibitionism to drugs. We will try to analyze the insurgent discourses front this authoritarian model of management of the bodies and the uses and customs on drugs. We start from the hypothesis that the current drug policy has become a device structured in practices that violate human rights. The objective that permeates this work is the critique of the hegemonic prohibitionist paradigm at the national level in constant dialogue with the local situation in Paraíba, that we will do from the criticism the falsity of its declared functions, to its result of criminalization of poverty and increase of Police violence and trafficking, the difficulty of implementing the right to marijuana health medical patients, among other evils documented throughout this work. In order to carry out such an attempt, we catalog various data available on the Internet, we officiate to public agencies in the quest to understand the discursive possibilities of confrontation and criticism of current drug policy. / O presente trabalho trata-se de pesquisa quali-quantitativa que visa realizar a análise crítica dos discursos que fundamentam a atual política de drogas à luz dos direitos humanos. Acreditando na relação entre saber, poder e verdade, estudaremos o entrelaçamento destas categorias na estruturação dos discursos sobre drogas no Brasil e na Paraíba – com especial ênfase na análise discursiva dos saberes médicos-jurídicos – e a partir de uma crítica as violações de direitos humanos imposta pelo proibicionismo às drogas, buscaremos analisar discursos insurgentes a este modelo autoritário de gestão dos corpos e dos usos e costumes sobre drogas. Partimos da hipótese de que a atual política de drogas se tornou um dispositivo estruturado em práticas que violam direitos humanos. O objetivo que permeia este trabalho é o de crítica ao paradigma hegemônico proibicionista a nível nacional em dialogo constante com a realidade local paraibana, que o faremos a partir da crítica a falsidade de suas funções declaradas, ao seu resultado de criminalização da pobreza e aumento de violência policial e do tráfico, à dificuldade de se efetivar o direito à saúde de pacientes de maconha medicinal, entre outros males documentados ao longo deste trabalho. Para realizar tal intento catalogamos vários dados disponíveis na internet, oficiamos a órgãos públicos na busca de compreender as possibilidades discursivas de enfrentamento e crítica a atual política de drogas