Univ., Diss.--Helsinki, 2006.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur sjöbefälsstudenter tillämpar sjövägsreglerna vid risk för kollision under nedsatt sikt samt belysa vad besluten grundats på. Studien är kvalitativ och genomfördes med hjälp av ett förberedande frågeformulär, fallstudie och en avslutande gruppdiskussion. Studien utfördes genom en rekonstruktion av kollisionen mellan fartygen Tricolor och Kariba där fartyget Clary varit en bidragen orsak. För att bredda perspektivet i studien framförde respondenterna vid två separata simuleringar fartyget Kariba, som fick större delen av skulden samt Clary, som genom oaktsamhet bidragit till kollisionen. Resultatet visar att ungefär hälften av respondenterna tillämpar regelverket felaktigt och med ett för litet passageavstånd. Studien visar också att respondenterna använder sig av information från flera olika navigationstekniska hjälpmedel vid beslut. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how sea captain students apply COLREGs when there is a risk of collision and illustrate what the decisions are based on. The study is qualitative and was conducted using a preparatory questionnaire, case study and a concluding group discussion. The study was carried out through a reconstruction based on the collision between the vessels Tricolor and Kariba where the ship Clary was a contributing factor. In order to widen the perspective of the study the respondents navigated in two separate simulations the vessels Kariba, who received most of the blame and Clary who contributed to the collision through negligence. The result shows that about half of the respondents apply COLREGs incorrectly and with a small passage distance. The study also indicates that the respondents use information from different navigation technical aids to make a decision.

The purpose or this paper. is to show that the decline in the Volume of tonnage handled by the Port of San Francisco from 1931 to 1952 is chiefly attributable to the tremendous economic growth of California since 1940. Other economic, as well as non-economic causes of this decline which are in the investigator's opinion, significant enough to warrant consideration, will be analyzed.

Worldwide, mariners use a variety of English as an International Language known as Maritime English regardless of the first language spoken by the crew or port in which they enter. English knowledge and ability is therefore critical to a mariner's livelihood at sea and is also mandated by the International Maritime Organization. The ability to understand and be understood is paramount to safety at sea. This study investigated which accents of English a subset of Chinese mariners found easy or difficult to understand. The data from 39 Chinese mariners who listened to 8 Standard Marine Communications phrases was analyzed. The phrases were spoken in English by native speakers of Japanese, Russian, Chinese, and English. The participants provided verbatim responses followed by their assessment of the speakers' intelligibility and accent. Results indicated that participant position on board the vessel had a statistically significant effect on the intelligibility rating of the phrase heard and the overall understandability assessed of the speaker's accent. Moreover, participants reported that the phrases were deck commands. For deck officers who participated in the study, the phrases were easy to understand, for engineers, they were more difficult. These findings suggest that within the field of Maritime English, further specification of English training is warranted and necessary to provide all mariners with authentic language relevant to their jobs. Initial Maritime English instruction at Maritime Education and Training (MET) institutions must include reading, writing, listening, and speaking which includes the spectrum of scenarios which all cadets may find themselves. Follow-on English classes for mariners beyond the academies or maritime universities must necessarily be situated in the context of the mariner and be flexible enough to adjust to the needs of the mariners. Finally, assessment of the mariner's Maritime English language abilities must also strive to test authentic use of the language as indicated by the position.

In theorising globalisation, capital is represented as all-powerful and proactive in its mobility and ability to transcend national boundaries in search of new labour markets. It is this mobility of capital. which is argued to be instrumental in shaping the processes of globalisation (Ohmae: 1989, Allen: 1995: Thompson et al: 1998. Dicken: 1998). Labour in contrast is portrayed as fixed within territorial boundaries unable to shape or influence its own destiny or the processes of globalisation. These opposing discourses of capital as the prime agent of globalisaton and labour as a passive participant in the process have predominantly informed the debates about globalisation, and have remained mostly unchallenged in the literature. This dissertation interrogates claims of capital being all-powerful via its mobility and labour being 'agentless' in influencing the processes of globalisation. In order to achieve this I use the global shipping industry' as an example to explores these arguments. This is achieved by investigating the complex ways that relationships between shipping capital and seafaring labour have changed and how these changed relationships are articulated. Specifically I examine the strategies used by South African Transport and Allied Workers to service a transnational and flexible membership. My findings suggest that the 'agentless' nature of labour in shaping the processes of globalisatlon is exaggerated by proponents of the transnational neo-liberal discourse of globalisation. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 473-513) / Microfiche. / ix, 513 leaves, bound 29 cm