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The aim of this thesis was to conduct the ethological observation of the meat cows´ maternal behaviour in the period of calving. The observation was realized on the farm with utility breeding of meat cows Milná at an altitude of 800 m, where two herds (A, B) of 20 heads were formed. In herd A, there were horned crossbred cows of Masný Simentál breed that were placed on the pastures, including 20 ha winter rally, year-round. In herd B, there were also the crossbred cows of Masný Simentál breed that were stabled in the empty reconstructed shed organized in boxes during the wintertime. In herd A, 55% of cows calved during the daylight. The biggest incidence of parturitions was registered from 6:30 to 8:30 am (36 %). 65 % of cows calved out of the herd in the distance from 200 m to 450 m. The first suction at 90% of calves happened without the keeper´s assistance. Among the stabled cows, only 25 % of them calved during the daylight, mainly from 7:00 to 8:00 am. 50% of cows calved in the corridor. The first suction without the keeper´s assistance occurred at 85 % of calves. Placement of meat cows into the shed during winter proved to be suitable due to better care of both the cow and the calf. Cows winter in better climatic conditions that can, for example, positively influence their longevity. Devastation of the winter rally lands decreases markedly.

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The aim of this thesis was to study the microbiological quality of different types of pâtés supplied by a Czech manufacturer. We investigated the occurrence and changes in selected microorganisms during the storage process. In all cases, we aimed to measure the total plate count, total number of psychrotrophic microorganisms, mold and yeasts and enterococci, as well as Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli bacteria. Part of the samples was also examined for the effects of storage temperature (5 and 8 ° C) on the microbiological quality of pâtés. No statistical significance between microbial quality of the products stored at 5 and at 8 ° C was proved. The worst microbiological quality was discovered in the samples of course pâtés, where high levels of Enterobacteriaceae as well as traces of total plate count, psychrotrophic microorganisms, mold and yeasts were detected. In order to achieve a high microbiological quality of pâtés (as well as other meat products), the use of high quality raw materials and strict compliance with approved manufacturing processes is absolutely essential, as is sufficient hygiene during the production and distribution as well as in the course of the actual sale.

The diploma thesis deals with the influence of the season on the behavioral symptoms of aberdeen angus cows. Ethological monitoring was carried out on an ecological farm Chadimův mlýn, which is located in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. Monitoring was carried out from April to December 2013. It has been analyzed following behavioral symptoms: feed intake, water intake, stall, physical activity, lying, urination/defecation, sucking and comfortable behavior. By ethological monitoring, graphical and statistical evaluation it was found highly significant effect of the season on feed intake, stall, physical activity, lying and sucking. Inconclusive effect of the season has been detected in water intake, comfortable behavior and urination/defecation. In comparison with behavioral symptoms within days with the highest and lowest average air temperature, there wwas found high difference in the symptoms between standing and lying. Animals devoted most of time to feed intake (47,76 %), lying (22,02 %), stall (20,55 %) and physical activity (6,11 %).

The objective of this dissertation is the evaluation of economic indicators of beef cattle farming on a specific family farm in the time period from 2013 to 2015 in Bukovina u Čisté village, Semily District. The family focuses on a crop and livestock production. The farming takes place on 110 hectares of land, the fertile ground makes 54 ha. The livestock production concentrates on breeding cows without any milk production and the bulls fattening. The amount of cows was 23 pieces to 27 pieces in the period from 2013 to 2015. Because of the crossbreeding the cows following breeds are represented: Czech Pied cattle (20 %), Limousin (72 %) and Charolais (8 %). In the bulls fattening area were more breeds represented caused by the purchased bulls. Breeds represented: Limousin (32 %), Czech Pied cattle (42 %), Blonde d Aquitaine (1 %), Aberdeen Angus (23 %) and Holstein cattle (3 %). The processing and evaluation of economic results was prevented by factors affecting the economics of farming. In the reproduction part are the factors - the calving interval, the age structure of the cows and the scatter of births during the year. The bulls fattening part contains the research of the bulls breeds representation, age structure and carcass weight. The economic indicators consist of the evaluation of the costs, revenues, profit and the level of profitability. The breeding was evaluated in the conclusion of this dissertation and the suggestions for improvement was recommended. The calving interval of the cows in 2013 lasted on average of 408 days, in 2014 decreased by 9 % to 373 days, and in 2015 decreased by further 9 % up to 337 days. Heifers reached 3 years of age at birthing. The oldest cows were 11 years old. The biggest group of cows was at the age of 7 years with a 27 % share. The Breeders preference is the calving during the winter to spring time period. In 2013 the birthing period lasted from February to July, in 2014 from March, except June and August, until October and in 2015 from February to August. For the entire period was 76 % of births in the barn and 24 % of births on pasture. In the entire period 76 % of births happened in the barn and 24 % of births on pasture. The bulls fattening contained 42 % of own breeding and the next part consist of purchased bulls. The largest group of bulls are Czech Pied cattle constituting of 42 %. Limousin Bulls breeds and Aberdeen Angus breeds created 21 % and 79 % out of that are owned by the breeder. The best average of hot carcass weight (HCW) was 399kg at Aberdeen Angus breed. The value of the carcass at Limousin bulls was 8 % lower and the bulls of the Czech Pied cattle was more than 20 % lower. The slaughter bulls were sold at an average age of 23 months and HCW 344 kg in 2013, in 2014 at the average age of 24 months and HCW 379 kg, in 2015 at the average age of 22 months and HCW 330 kg. The highest variability was recorded in the year 2015 with a value of 34,63 % and the lowest in 2013 with 8,80 %. During the time period the highest cost entry has not changed. Just the share was different. The feed entry share was at 61,7 % in 2013, at 68,89 % in 2014 and at 52,30 % in 2015. 95,7 % of the total cost was assigned to the own feeding. The expenses in 2013 were 912 919 CZK, in 2014 dropped to 845 368 CZK and in 2015 increased to 1 213 190 CZK. The cost of one feeding day per cattle in 2013 was 28,10 CZK, in 2014 decreased to 26,02 CZK and in 2015 increased to 37,35 CZK. The revenues were affected by the sale of cattle for slaughter. In 2013 was sold 21 pieces of cattle for a total amount of 545 040 CZK, in 2014 was sold 32 pieces of bulls in the total value of 977 643 CZK and in 2015 36 pieces of bulls in the total amount of 867 885,60 CZK. The sales of slaughter units in the total amount of revenue in 2013 did the share of 68,61 %, in 2014 increased to 72,25 % and in 2015 decreased to 59,20 %. In 2015 was the receipt share from slaughter bulls of 30 % based on the sale of alive bulls to Austria. Total revenues in 2013 were 823 517 CZK, in 2014 increased by 39 % to 1 353 080 CZK and in 2015 increased by 7 % to 1 466 062 CZK. The Profit was calculated in 2013 as a loss in the value of 89 402 CZK. In the subsequent years there was a profit. In 2014 profit in the amount of 507 712 CZK and in 2015 the profit decreased to 252 872 CZK. The profit ratio in 2013 amounted to a negative value - 10 %, in 2014 increased to 60 % and in 2015 dropped to 21 %.