<p>Background:</p><p>During the last years, the boom of the Internet has carried along with it new possibilities for communication, in addition, other technological developments of society together act to form a new reality in which companies have to rethink their means for com-municating with consumers.</p><p>Problem and Purpose:</p><p>In a new reality where consumers seem to reap all the benefits of the technological changes, how then, should companies adjust to the changing environment? The authors first investigated the modern media environment and found some trends in how it is evolving, and after listening to what some experts within the field think about the future and of what should be done, they them-selves endeavoured to generate some guidance for companies in this matter.</p><p>Method:</p><p>This thesis is somewhat of a Delphi study, which means that it heavily relies on the statements of experts. What they have said has played a crucial role in the authors’ own formulation of guid-ance. The experts were interviewed either face-to-face, or through the exchange of e-mails.</p><p>Conclusions:</p><p>Major trends in how the media environment is transforming are; technology as an enhancer to rather becoming a determinant, segmentation to fragmentation, decreasing- to increasing returns to scale, an opening for entirely new business concepts and an in-creasing value of intangible assets as a complement to traditional, tangible assets. The authors then presented some elements that would be of crucial significance in this new environment, and they also formulated some more specific guidance in how these ele-ments could be instigated in companies. They were; Speed and flexibility, customization and sustainability. Advice in how they could be instigated where then summarized and illustrated in the “New Digital World Market Communication Diamond”, which basically emphasizes the need for updating the values and the cor-porate culture, the need for streamlining supply chains, the need of truly finding and using information about consumers, and fi-nally, the need for adaptive experimentation.</p>

本研究為台灣電視電影（TV-film）之初探性研究，首先分析國外電視電影之四大律效應，做為探究台灣電視電影之參考切入點，從新舊媒介交替、轉換之理論觀點出發，採用麥克魯漢父子之「媒體四大律」、以及McQuail對新媒介提出的文化觀點、McCombs等人對新媒介提出的經濟觀點，做為瞭解台灣電視電影之理論架構。電視電影一詞在台灣之定義模糊不清，本研究為釐清電視電影定義以及瞭解其特性，分別探討電視、電影兩媒介之特質，並爬梳各家對於電視電影之說法，對電視電影進行認識。同時也整理國外電視電影發展歷史與概況，包括美國、歐洲、日本與中國。 本研究透過對學、業界人士之深度訪談，輔以文獻資料的蒐集，瞭解台灣電視電影的源起背景，並分析其如何造成媒體四大律之「放大」、「淘汰」、「重拾」、「轉化」等四大效應，以及台灣電視電影對於文化思想與經濟市場的影響。最後探討其存在於現今台灣影視環境中的意義與未來。 / This study explores the conception of alternating and transition between the new and old media of Taiwan TV-film based on the tetrad theory. The theoretical framework of this article includes McQuail’s cultural explanation and McComb’s economic viewpoint. As the concept of TV-film is not clear in Taiwan, this study aims at clarifying its definition and understanding its characteristics by incorporating different viewpoints. This paper also sorts out the history development and profile of foreign TV-film, including the United States, Europe, Japan, and China. Through in-depth interviews and collections of literature, this study traces back to the origin of Taiwan TV-film and evaluates the effects of the four laws: enhancement, obsolescence, retrieval and reversal. Moreover, this study also analyzes the influence of Taiwan TV-film on cultural thoughts and economic market. Finally, the study explores the significance and future of TV-film in Taiwan’s media environment.

Background: During the last years, the boom of the Internet has carried along with it new possibilities for communication, in addition, other technological developments of society together act to form a new reality in which companies have to rethink their means for com-municating with consumers. Problem and Purpose: In a new reality where consumers seem to reap all the benefits of the technological changes, how then, should companies adjust to the changing environment? The authors first investigated the modern media environment and found some trends in how it is evolving, and after listening to what some experts within the field think about the future and of what should be done, they them-selves endeavoured to generate some guidance for companies in this matter. Method: This thesis is somewhat of a Delphi study, which means that it heavily relies on the statements of experts. What they have said has played a crucial role in the authors’ own formulation of guid-ance. The experts were interviewed either face-to-face, or through the exchange of e-mails. Conclusions: Major trends in how the media environment is transforming are; technology as an enhancer to rather becoming a determinant, segmentation to fragmentation, decreasing- to increasing returns to scale, an opening for entirely new business concepts and an in-creasing value of intangible assets as a complement to traditional, tangible assets. The authors then presented some elements that would be of crucial significance in this new environment, and they also formulated some more specific guidance in how these ele-ments could be instigated in companies. They were; Speed and flexibility, customization and sustainability. Advice in how they could be instigated where then summarized and illustrated in the “New Digital World Market Communication Diamond”, which basically emphasizes the need for updating the values and the cor-porate culture, the need for streamlining supply chains, the need of truly finding and using information about consumers, and fi-nally, the need for adaptive experimentation.

Diploma thesis "Structural and contentual transformation of Czech and Polish magazines focused on film and cinematography after 1989" focuses deals with character of the change of magazines focused on film and cinematography after the breaking year 1989. The thesis is searching for these changes in Polish and Czech background and their similarties or differences. It follows the structure and thematic content of these magazines connected with the transformation of social-political and media background.

This thesis is about development of Czech media market after 1989 in the context of political economy of the media. It tries to find practical impacts of the pressures of commercial sphere on media content in Czech serious daily press, on the basis of theories applied in the research part of the work. These pressures include media owners and media market ownership concentration, advertisers, expert opinions makers and think-tanks and public relations. A quantitative content analysis and journalists interviews are used for this purpose. The results confirm an existence of commercial influences in Czech dailies, especially from advertisers. A significant dominance of opinions supporting right-wing (conservative) thoughts has been also confirmed. Brought knowledge and research findings both leave and open substantial space for a future research of this topic.

This thesis considers the problem of determining Casimir-Lifshitz forces in inhomogeneous media. The ground-state energy of the electromagnetic field in a piston-geometry is discussed. When the cavity is empty, the Casimir pressure on the piston is finite and independent of the small-scale physics of the media that compose the mirrors. However, it is demonstrated that, when the cavity is filled with an inhomogeneous dielectric medium, the Casimir energy is cut-off dependent. The local behavior of the stress tensor commonly used in calculations of Casimir forces is also determined. It is shown that the usual expression for the stress tensor is not finite anywhere within such a medium, whatever the temporal dispersion or index profile, and that this divergence is unlikely to be removed by modifying the regularisation. These findings suggest that the value of the Casimir pressure may be inextricably dependent on the detailed behavior of the mirror and the medium at large wave vectors. This thesis also examines two exceptions to this rule: first, the case of an idealised metamaterial is considered which, when introduced into a cavity, reduces the magnitude of the Casimir force. It is shown that, although the medium is inhomogeneous, it does not contribute additional scattering events but simply modifies the effective length of the cavity, so the predicted force is finite and can be stated exactly. Secondly, a geometric argument is presented for determining a Casimir stress in a spherical mirror filled with the inhomogeneous medium of Maxwell's fish-eye. This solution questions the idea that the Casimir force of a spherical mirror is repulsive, but prompts additional questions concerning regularisation and the role of non-local effects in determining Casimir forces.

This thesis discusses the development of the Czech media market after 1989 in context of political economy of the media. Its author observes the main trends in development of the commercial media market - especially print media market - in the Czech Republic and abroad, as these trends had a crucial influence on the development of Czech media after disruption of the Soviet Bloc and when the democratic and market environment has been established. Besides that, the work searches for the particular economic aspects of the media market defined by the leading critics in the media research sphere and, at the same time it tries to apply them on the Czech print media market. All of these findings are summarized into hypothesis at the last chapter, which are tested by quantitative media content analysis and columns and supplements analysis on the sample of Czech dailies. The results confirm the aspects of this influence and brings a new subjects to the further research which could describe a particular examples of influence of commercial sphere on media more in depth. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diploma thesis "Radio Stalin as an example of Czech piracy radio broadcast" is aimed to complexly present radio station Radio Stalin which was broadcasting in October 1990 in Prague. Radio Stalin is presented in the context of events of that time and related changes in politics, economy, society and media and in the context of piracy radio broadcast. First of all the emphasis is put on media transformation and changes in legislative framework of radio broadcasting after 1989. Radio Stalin is described through the method of oral history when interviews were held with its several cofounders. This method was chosen because of absence or unavailability of other sources. However, press is used partly. In this thesis is created overall picture of Radio Stalin. It is possible to imagine the situation and conditions in which was this radio created, the period before the start of broadcasting, the broadcasting process, the end of its broadcasting and the continuation of it. The benefit of thesis is the reminder of this often neglected radio which has its own place in the history of Czech radio broadcasting. Radio Stalin is the first private radio station in Czechoslovakia which story is an interplay of many happy coincidences. This radio goal was to fill the missing gap and it enriched in long-term the...

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie studie ondersoek die behoeftes van Afrikaanse televisiekykers aan Afrikaanse televisieprogramme te midde van die veranderinge wat sedert demokratisering aan die Suid-Afrikaanse medialandskap plaasvind. Hierdie behoeftes word ondersoek by wyse van 'n gevallestudie ender graad 10-leerders in Pretoria. Die gebruike- en bevredigingsbenadering dien as teoretiese onderbou vir die studie en die invloed van 'n aantal veranderlikes word ondersoek. Hierdie veranderlikes is televisiegerig (inhoud, aanbod en struktuur van Afrikaanse programme), tegnologiegerig (nuwe mediategnologiee socs satelliettelevisie en die Internet) en kykergerig (sosio-kulturele, persoonlike en demografiese faktore). Die studie bevind dat daar 'n verband is tussen hierdie veranderlikes en respondente se behoeftes aan Afrikaanse televisieprogramme. Die studie bevind dat Afrikaanse programme nie respondente se behoeftes bevredig nie. Nuwe mediategnologiee verbreed respondente se sosio-kulturele horlE;onne sodat hulle gemaklik met programme in Engels omgaan. Te midde van die toenemende aanbod van oorsese programme in Engels, neem die behoefte aan Afrikaanse programme af. / This study investigates the need for Afrikaans television programmes among Afrikaans viewers in the changing media environment in South Africa. Needs are studied by means of a case study among grade 10 learners in Pretoria. The uses and gratifications approach serves as the theoretical framework of the study and a number of variables are investigated. These variables are television driven (supply, content and structure), technology driven (new media technologies such as satellite television and the Internet) and viewer driven (socio-cultural, personal and demographic factors). The study finds that there is a connection between these variables and the need for Afrikaans programmes among respondents. The supply, content and structure of Afrikaans programmes do not gratify respondents' needs. New media technologies broaden respondents' socio-cultural horizons, enabling them to comfortably watch English programmes. Amidst the increasing supply of overseas programmes in English, the need for Afrikaans programmes is diminishing / Communication Science / M. A. (Kommunikasiekunde)

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie studie ondersoek die behoeftes van Afrikaanse televisiekykers aan Afrikaanse televisieprogramme te midde van die veranderinge wat sedert demokratisering aan die Suid-Afrikaanse medialandskap plaasvind. Hierdie behoeftes word ondersoek by wyse van 'n gevallestudie ender graad 10-leerders in Pretoria. Die gebruike- en bevredigingsbenadering dien as teoretiese onderbou vir die studie en die invloed van 'n aantal veranderlikes word ondersoek. Hierdie veranderlikes is televisiegerig (inhoud, aanbod en struktuur van Afrikaanse programme), tegnologiegerig (nuwe mediategnologiee socs satelliettelevisie en die Internet) en kykergerig (sosio-kulturele, persoonlike en demografiese faktore). Die studie bevind dat daar 'n verband is tussen hierdie veranderlikes en respondente se behoeftes aan Afrikaanse televisieprogramme. Die studie bevind dat Afrikaanse programme nie respondente se behoeftes bevredig nie. Nuwe mediategnologiee verbreed respondente se sosio-kulturele horlE;onne sodat hulle gemaklik met programme in Engels omgaan. Te midde van die toenemende aanbod van oorsese programme in Engels, neem die behoefte aan Afrikaanse programme af. / This study investigates the need for Afrikaans television programmes among Afrikaans viewers in the changing media environment in South Africa. Needs are studied by means of a case study among grade 10 learners in Pretoria. The uses and gratifications approach serves as the theoretical framework of the study and a number of variables are investigated. These variables are television driven (supply, content and structure), technology driven (new media technologies such as satellite television and the Internet) and viewer driven (socio-cultural, personal and demographic factors). The study finds that there is a connection between these variables and the need for Afrikaans programmes among respondents. The supply, content and structure of Afrikaans programmes do not gratify respondents' needs. New media technologies broaden respondents' socio-cultural horizons, enabling them to comfortably watch English programmes. Amidst the increasing supply of overseas programmes in English, the need for Afrikaans programmes is diminishing / Communication Science / M. A. (Kommunikasiekunde)