No description available.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a spondyloarthropathy traditionally defined as having spinal and extra-spinal manifestations. However its diagnostic criteria only allow the identification of advanced DISH and there is little consensus regarding the extra-spinal enthesopathies. In this project, individuals with DISH from the WM Bass Donated Skeletal Collection were analysed to investigate the pathogenesis of DISH and archaeological English and Catalan samples (3rd–18th century AD) were studied to investigate how diet might have influenced the development of DISH. From the individuals from the Bass Collection, isolated vertical lesions representing the early stages of DISH (‘early DISH’) were identified. Both sample sets showed that the presence of extra-spinal manifestations varies significantly between individuals and that discarthrosis and DISH can co-exist in the same individual. In all archaeological samples, the prevalence of DISH was significantly higher in males and older individuals showed a higher prevalence of DISH. In both regions, the prevalence of DISH was the lowest in the Roman samples, the highest in the early medieval ones and intermediate in the late medieval samples. While when using documentary resources and archaeological data, it was hypothesised that the prevalence of DISH in the English and Catalan samples might have been different, the results show no significant differences even if English samples tend to show higher prevalence of DISH than the Catalan samples. This possibly suggests that the development of DISH depends on a combination of dietary habits and, possibly, genetic predisposition might influence the development of DISH. The individuals from the Bass Collection showed high prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. In contrast, no association was found between DISH and rich-diet associated conditions (e.g. carious lesions and gout) or deficiency-related conditions (e.g. scurvy, healed rickets). / Institute of Life Sciences Research from the University of Bradford

This Bachelor paper deals with skeletal diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. 24 medieval individuals from the block Banken 1 in Visby, Gotland were chosen for an osteological analysis. Osteoporosis affects the bone with low bone mineral density and can lead to possible fractures and Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease. A DEXA reading was done at Dr. Roland Alvarssons Doctorial practice in Visby and the results from the DEXA reading showed that none of the individuals suffered from osteoporosis, but one suffered from osteopenia. Some individuals were x-rayed at Visby hospital and the x-rays were interpreted by Dr. Staffan Jennerholm. The x-ray showed that two individuals suffered from osteoarthritis. You can get a glint into the past and daily life of medieval people with a little help of modern technology like x-ray and DEXA reading.

nÃo hà / Figura emblemÃtica presente no imaginÃrio popular europeu, devido à ascensÃo do Cristianismo como religiÃo dominante, o Diabo recebeu diversas definiÃÃes e transformaÃÃes que o moldaram atravÃs dos sÃculos. Na Literatura Brasileira, em especial, no Quinhentismo e na Contemporaneidade, temos de maneira bastante significativa a representaÃÃo residual de tais personificaÃÃes do Diabo, seguindo os moldes do imaginÃrio cristÃo medieval conforme se encontra no Auto da Alma, no Auto da Barca do Inferno, no Auto da Barca do PurgatÃrio e no Auto da Barca da GlÃria, de Gil Vicente. O intuito deste trabalho à demonstrar os aspectos residuais da representaÃÃo do Diabo medieval vicentino no teatro brasileiro quinhentista do Padre Josà de Anchieta e no contemporÃneo de Ariano Suassuna.

No description available.

Evidence for routes in use in the early medieval period from documents and excavations is fragmentary, and from maps is nil, but place-names help to fill the gap. Known early roads, travellers and possible origins of place-names are considered before detailed examination of the place-names that consistently occur by routeways. Ways of measuring proximity of named settlements to routeways, including the chi-squared test and dispersion graphs, are described. The place-names are considered in detail. The road terms strǣt and weg yielded useful information; pæth and stīg did not. Gewæd and gelād indicated difficult crossings; ford was too ubiquitous to be useful. Facilities available were indicated by mere-tūn and byden-welle (water supply); strǣt-tūn and calde-cot but not Coldharbour (lodgings); mōr-tūn and mersc-tūn (fodder); dræg-tun and dræg-cot (aid to travellers in difficulty); grǣfe-tūn (pay-load). Ōra and ofer, round-shouldered ridges, were used as 'signposts' at significant points on roads and waterways to indicate, inter alia, harbour entrances, cross roads and mineral deposits. Cumb-tūn, denu-tūn, ceaster and wīc-hām were easily recognised and helped travellers to identify their whereabouts. Seaways and rivers in use were highlighted by the use of port, hȳth, ēa-tūn and lād A series of these indicative names occurring along a route, usually Roman, suggests that the route was in use. Certain saltways, Gough (c. 1360) and Ogilby (1675) routes and a few others were also highlighted. Findings are summarised on the end-paper map. As a check on the results, coin-find distributions for the early eighth century and late tenth/ early eleventh century were mapped against route-ways. Routes in use from placename and coin evidence were broadly similar. Evidence from pottery scatters was difficult to assemble, and gave poorer results. The evolution of the naming system is discussed. The consistent way that widely occurring landforms and habitation types were named throughout England enables the mapping of an early medieval routeway network using place-name evidence. The appendices list and map each corpus.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

La plaine du Sous, au cœur de laquelle est implantée la ville de Taroudant, est une grande plaine alluviale du Sud-ouest marocain. Les sources historiques témoignent de la richesse agricole de cette région, dont le contrôle a représenté un enjeu stratégique pour les pouvoirs centraux successifs tout au long des périodes médiévale et moderne. Elle offre ainsi l’opportunité d’examiner l’occupation d’un territoire entre centres de pouvoir, grands programmes d’aménagement, fortifications et établissements ruraux. Encadrée par les chaînes montagneuses du Haut Atlas et de l’Anti-Atlas, elle constitue également un espace privilégié pour analyser les liens entre zones de plaine et secteurs de piémont. Cette thèse propose ainsi d’examiner l’évolution du peuplement de la plaine et des piémonts adjacents, autour de la capitale Taroudant, du début de l’époque médiévale au début de l’époque moderne (VIIIe-début du XVIIe siècle). Fondée sur une enquête de terrain, cette étude s’appuie sur un corpus de sites archéologiques en grande partie inédit. L’analyse des modes de construction, des structures, et du mobilier de surface a permis de préciser les caractéristiques de la culture matérielle de la région. L’organisation et l’implantation des sites ont également été examinées afin de comprendre les modalités d’installation des populations et leur évolution sur l’ensemble de la période concernée. La ville de Taroudant a par ailleurs fait l’objet d’une analyse spécifique pour cerner l’évolution du centre urbain et son insertion dans un territoire à forte dominante agricole. Enfin, l’ensemble de ces données a été mis en perspective afin de proposer une analyse diachronique du peuplement de la région. / The Sous plain, in the heart of which the city of Taroudant is settled, is a large alluvial plain in south-west Morocco. Historical sources attest to the agricultural wealth of this region, whose control has been a strategic issue for successive central governments throughout the medieval and modern periods. It thus offers the opportunity to consider the occupation of territory between power centers, major development programs, fortifications and rural settlements. Surrounded by the mountain ranges of the High Atlas and Anti-Atlas, it is also a privileged space to analyze the connections between lowlands and foothills areas. This thesis proposes to examine the evolution of settlement in the plain and adjacent foothills, around the capital Taroudant, from early medieval times to early modern period (VIIIth-early XVIIth century). This study is based on fieldworks, and on a corpus of archaeological sites, which are new for the most of them. The analysis of modes of construction, structures, and surface material allowed to specify the characteristics of the material culture of the region. The organization and location of these sites were examined as well in order to highlight settlement forms and their evolution throughout the period. A specific analysis has also been carried out on the capital city, Taroudant, for identifying changes in the urban center and its insertion in an area dominated by agriculture. Finally, all of these data have been put in perspective to offer a diachronic analysis of the settlement in this region.