Este trabalho registra a trajetória da leitura que fizemos dos poemas do corpus em busca de resolução das questões problematizadas em torno do desejo de inconsciência. Procuramos identificar e estabelecer relações intertextuais entre os poemas Mãe..., de Antero de Quental, O sono do João, de António Nobre e alguns poemas de Fernando Pessoa ortônimo e heterônimos Alberto Caeiro e Álvaro de Campos. Buscamos perceber desdobramentos e representações do estado de inconsciência desejado e recomendado pelos sujeitos poéticos do corpus como rota de fuga às angústias íntimas oriundas do desconcerto entre as disposições anímicas do sujeito consigo mesmo e com o mundo, oriundas do doloroso sentir como fonte, para os sujeitos poéticos, de males: o pensamento reflexivo, a racionalidade, a ciência. Visamos, com a identificação e o estabelecimento de relações intertextuais entre poemas do corpus, perceber Fernando Pessoa inserido numa tradição literária de poetas intimistas portugueses do final do século XIX e início do XX, em cujos poemas reverbera o desejo de inconsciência. Procuramos expor, no capítulo O desejo de inconsciência, através do traço nostálgico e melancólico do homem da modernidade, o que poderia corroborar para uma compreensão mais aprofundada do problema do desejo de inconsciência como busca de paraísos mitológicos, terrestres ou artificiais, sonhos edênicos, rotas de fuga à consciência e racionalidade sentidas como causadoras de inquietações e dores. / This work reports the reading trajectory that we made of the poems of corpus, searching answers to arisen questions around the unconsciousness desire. We tried to identify and establish inter textual relations among the poems Mãe..., of Antero de Quental, O sono do João, of António Nobre and some poems of Fernando Pessoa - orthonymous and heteronymous Alberto Caeiro and Álvaro de Campos. We search to perceive developments and representations of the unconsciousness state pursued and recommended by the poetical subjects of the corpus as an escape route from inner anguish derived from the subject soul moods with himself and with the world, due to painful feelings as source of ills to the poetical subjects: reflective thought, rationality, science. We aim, with the identification and establishment of inter textual relationships in poems of the corpus, to perceive Fernando Pessoa related to a literary tradition of Portuguese intimate poets at the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century, in whose poems the unconsciousness desire reverberates. We try to display, in the chapter named The unconsciousness desire, through the nostalgic and melancholic character of modernity man, what could enhance to a deeper understanding of the unconsciousness desire matter as a search of mythic, terrestrial or artificial paradises, wondrous dreams, escape routes from the conscience and rationality blamed of causing restlessness and pains.

Este trabalho registra a trajetória da leitura que fizemos dos poemas do corpus em busca de resolução das questões problematizadas em torno do desejo de inconsciência. Procuramos identificar e estabelecer relações intertextuais entre os poemas Mãe..., de Antero de Quental, O sono do João, de António Nobre e alguns poemas de Fernando Pessoa ortônimo e heterônimos Alberto Caeiro e Álvaro de Campos. Buscamos perceber desdobramentos e representações do estado de inconsciência desejado e recomendado pelos sujeitos poéticos do corpus como rota de fuga às angústias íntimas oriundas do desconcerto entre as disposições anímicas do sujeito consigo mesmo e com o mundo, oriundas do doloroso sentir como fonte, para os sujeitos poéticos, de males: o pensamento reflexivo, a racionalidade, a ciência. Visamos, com a identificação e o estabelecimento de relações intertextuais entre poemas do corpus, perceber Fernando Pessoa inserido numa tradição literária de poetas intimistas portugueses do final do século XIX e início do XX, em cujos poemas reverbera o desejo de inconsciência. Procuramos expor, no capítulo O desejo de inconsciência, através do traço nostálgico e melancólico do homem da modernidade, o que poderia corroborar para uma compreensão mais aprofundada do problema do desejo de inconsciência como busca de paraísos mitológicos, terrestres ou artificiais, sonhos edênicos, rotas de fuga à consciência e racionalidade sentidas como causadoras de inquietações e dores. / This work reports the reading trajectory that we made of the poems of corpus, searching answers to arisen questions around the unconsciousness desire. We tried to identify and establish inter textual relations among the poems Mãe..., of Antero de Quental, O sono do João, of António Nobre and some poems of Fernando Pessoa - orthonymous and heteronymous Alberto Caeiro and Álvaro de Campos. We search to perceive developments and representations of the unconsciousness state pursued and recommended by the poetical subjects of the corpus as an escape route from inner anguish derived from the subject soul moods with himself and with the world, due to painful feelings as source of ills to the poetical subjects: reflective thought, rationality, science. We aim, with the identification and establishment of inter textual relationships in poems of the corpus, to perceive Fernando Pessoa related to a literary tradition of Portuguese intimate poets at the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century, in whose poems the unconsciousness desire reverberates. We try to display, in the chapter named The unconsciousness desire, through the nostalgic and melancholic character of modernity man, what could enhance to a deeper understanding of the unconsciousness desire matter as a search of mythic, terrestrial or artificial paradises, wondrous dreams, escape routes from the conscience and rationality blamed of causing restlessness and pains.

Diese Dissertation untersucht die verschiedenen Konstruktionen poetischer Selbstrepräsentationen durch Melancholie in Gedichten englischer Autorinnen des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts (ca. 1680-1750). Die vielfältigen Gedichte stammen von repräsentativen lyrischer Autorinnen dieser Epoche, z.B. Anne Wharton, Anne Finch, Elizabeth Singer Rowe, Henrietta Knight, Elizabeth Carter, Mary Leapor, Mary Chudleigh, Mehetabel Wright und Elizabeth Boyd. Vor einem ausführlichen medizinhistorischen Hintergrund, der die Ablösung der Humoralpathologie durch die Nerven und die daraus resultierende Neupositionierung von Frauen als Melancholikerinnen untersucht, rekurriert die Arbeit auf die Zusammenhänge von Medizin und Literatur im 18. Jahrhundert. Für die Gedichtanalysen werden gezielt Analysekategorien und zwei Typen poetisch-melancholischer Selbstrepräsentationen entwickelt und dann für die Close Readings der Texte eingesetzt. Die Auswahl der Gedicht umfasst sowohl Texte, die auf generisch standardisierte Marker der Melancholie verweisen, als auch Texte, die eine hauptsächlich die melancholische Erfahrung inszenieren, ohne dabei zwangsläufig explizit auf die genretypischen Marker zurück zu greifen. Die detaillierten Close Readings der Gedichte zeigen die oftmals ambivalenten Strategien der poetisch-melancholischen Selbstkonstruktionen der Sprecherinnen in den Gedichttexten und demonstrieren deutlich, dass – entgegen der vorherrschenden kritischen Meinung – auch Autorinnen dieser Epoche zum literarischen Melancholiediskurs beigetragen haben. Die Arbeit legt ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die sog. weibliche Elegie und ihrem Verhältnis zur Melancholie. Dabei wird deutlich, dass gerade Trauer, die oftmals als weiblich konnotierte Gegendiskurs zur männlich konnotierten genialischen Melancholie wahrgenommen wird, und die daraus folgende Elegie von Frauen als wichtiger literarischer Raum für melancholische Dichtung genutzt wurde und somit als Teil des literarischen Melancholiediskurses dient. / This thesis analyses different constructions of poetic self-representations through melancholy in poems written by early eighteenth-century women writers (ca. 1680-1750). The selection of poems includes texts written by representative poets such as Anne Wharton, Anne Finch, Elizabeth Singer Rowe, Henrietta Knight, Elizabeth Carter, Mary Leapor, Mary Chudleigh, Mehetabel Wright und Elizabeth Boyd. Against the background of a detailed analysis of the medical-historical paradigmatic change from humoral pathology to the nerves and the subsequent re-positioning of women as melancholics, the thesis refers to the close relationship of medicine and literature during the eighteenth century. Specifical categories of analysis and two different types of melancholic-poetic self-representations are developed, in order to support the close readings of the literary texts. These poems comprise both texts, which explicitly refer to generically standardized melancholy markers, as well as texts, which negotiate and aestheticize the melancholic experience without necessarily mentioning melancholy. The detailed close readings of the poems discuss the often ambivalent strategies of the poetic speakers to construct and represent their melancholic selves and clearly demonstrate that women writers of that time did – despite the common critical opinion – contribute to the literary discourse of melancholy. The thesis pays special attention to the so-called female elegy and its relationship to melancholy. It becomes clear that mourning and grief, which have often been considered a feminine counter-discourse to the discourse of melancholy as sign of the male intellectual and/or artistic genius, and the resulting female elegy offer an important literary space for women writers and their melancholy poetry, which should thus be recognized as a distinctive part of the literary discourse of melancholy.