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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

„Vilties“ konceptualizavimas lietuvių ir anglų kalbose / On the conceptualization of “hope” in lithuanian and english

Šivickytė, Ieva 26 June 2014 (has links)
Magistro darbo objektas yra vienas žodis lietuvių ir anglų kalbose: viltis ir hope, kuris panašus, ar tapatus, tiek turiniu, tiek forma. Šio žodžio reikšmės tyrimas atliekas vis labiau populiarėjančiu tekstynų lingvistikos metodu. Darbe didelis dėmesys kreipiamas į vilties kolokacijas, rastas lyginamuose tekstynuose, nes būtent tekstynuose yra randama įprastinė abstrakto raiška. Kognityvinės metaforos, rinktos iš kolokacijų, pagrindžiamos ne bet kokiais, o įprastiniais kasdienės kalbos posakiais. Dėl šios priežasties darbo šaltiniais pasirinkti British National Corpus ir Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos tekstynas. Interneto vartotojams šiuose tekstynuose prieinama po 100 mln. žodžių, ir tai pakankamai didelis pavyzdžių skaičius tokio pobūdžio tyrimams. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti abstraktaus daiktavardžio viltis konceptualizavimą lietuvių ir anglų kalbose. Kadangi konceptualiosios metaforos yra sietinos ne tik su žmogaus jutimine, bet ir su visos tautos kultūrine patirtimi, manoma, kad žodžio viltis konceptualizavimas gretinamose kalbose turėtų skirtis. Pasirinktoji magistro darbo tema aktuali, nes žodžio viltis konceptualizavimas lietuvių kalboje ligi šiol nėra nagrinėtas ar lygintas su anglų kalbos atitikmeniu hope. / The master paper deals with one lexeme in Lithuanian, viltis, and its equivalent in English hope. The author provides the analysis of the selected words from the corpus using a corpus-based approach which becomes more and more popular. The paper demonstrates that metaphors, if they are to reflect the most popular understanding of a concept, should be obtained from collocations. On that score their concordances were compiled from the Corpus of Contemporary Lithuanian and the British National Corpus. They are both of the size of 100 million running words in their Internet versions and they offer a reliable source of data for this kind of analysis. The main goal of this paper is to describe the concept represented in Lithuanian and English by the word hope. As conceptual metaphors are linked not only with man‘s sensual, but also with the whole nation‘s cultural experience, the conceptualization of hope in languages should differ. The theme is relevant because conceptualization of hope had not been explores in Lithuanian and compared with its equivalent in English.
2

Metaforizace poruch autistického spektra / Metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders

Tulachová, Kristýna January 2021 (has links)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and their representation in common online media. The aim of the diploma thesis is to examine aspects of the relationship between metaphors and autism spectrum disorder. In terms of metaphor theory, it is based on cognitive linguistics and its approach to conceptual metaphor. The thesis lists the most common metaphors that are used in connection with autism spectrum disorders whereas the distinction between neurotypical and autistic metaphors is made. Then, it deals with medialization of autism spectrum disorders and presents possibilities of categorization of the way ASD is written about in common online media. Finally, the thesis discusses the overall problematics of metaphorization of autism spectrum disorders and possibilities of changes in the way they are represented.
3

[en] METAPHORS FOR READING COMPREHENSION AND INTERPRETATION IN BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE TEXTBOOKS / [pt] METÁFORAS PARA INTERPRETAÇÃO E COMPREENSÃO EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE PORTUGUÊS

ALBERTO RODRIGUES PEREIRA 14 May 2007 (has links)
[pt] A partir da Teoria da metáfora Conceptual proposta por George Lakoff e Mark Johnson, este trabalho identifica e analisa metáforas para interpretação e compreensão de textos ocorrentes em quatro coleções de livros didáticos de português, amplamente utilizadas pela rede pública de ensino no Brasil. Parte-se das seguintes hipóteses: (a) as metáforas lingüísticas utilizadas pelos autores de tais manuais em torno das noções de interpretação e compreensão de textos fornecem pistas sobre a concepção subjacente de linguagem presente nesses livros; e (b) tais manuais ainda tomam implicitamente a língua como um instrumento de comunicação não problemático e capaz de funcionar com transparência e homogeneidade, como sistema claro, uniforme, desvinculado dos usuários, deslocado da realidade, semanticamente autônomo e a-histórico. Em conformidade com o quadro teórico escolhido, identificam- se e analisaram-se metáforas estruturais, orientacionais e ontológicas que tinham como domínio-alvo as noções de texto, sentido e leitura. Tomaram-se para análise, por um lado, os prefácios dos manuais e, por outro, as atividades de interpretação e compreensão de textos ali propostas. Os resultados da pesquisa, favoráveis às hipóteses de que ela partiu, revelam haver um descompasso entre a concepção de linguagem explícita ou insinuada nos prefácios dos manuais e aquela que comparece nas atividades propostas. / [en] Within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson´s Theory of Conceptual Metaphor, this thesis identifies and analyzes metaphors for reading comprehension and interpretation occurring in five widely adopted collections of Brazilian Portuguese textbooks. The work sets out from the following hypotheses: (a) linguistic metaphors employed in these textbooks around the notions of reading comprehension and interpretation provide valuable clues as to the underlying language conception followed by the authors; and (b) these textbooks still take language for granted as an unproblematic means of communication, capable of working in a transparent and homogeneous manner, as a clear uniform a-historic system that is semantically autonomous and abstracts users and contexts. According to the theoretical framework adopted, the work identifies and analyzes structural, orientational and ontological metaphors which have as their target-domain the notions of text, meaning, and reading. The analyzed data include textbook prefaces, on the one hand, and reading comprehension and interpretation activities, on the other. The results of this research bear out its initial hypotheses, and point to a mismatch between the conception of language suggested or made explicit in the prefaces and that occurring in the textbooks´ proposed activities.
4

[en] ON THE IDENTITY OF LITERARY METAPHOR: A STUDY OF ROMANCE DA PEDRA DO REINO E O PRÍNCIPE DO SANGUE DO VAI-E-VOLTA / [pt] SOBRE A IDENTIDADE DA METÁFORA LITERÁRIA: UMA ANÁLISE DO ROMANCE DA PEDRA DO REINO E O PRÍNCIPE DO SANGUE DO VAI-E-VOLTA

VIVIANE LUCY VILAR DE ANDRADE 20 October 2008 (has links)
[pt] Esta dissertação reflete sobre a identidade da metáfora literária. Toma como base a teoria geral da metáfora inaugurada por George Lakoff e Mark Jonhson na década de 1980 - o que equivale a conceber a metáfora como um princípio cognitivo básico, como um mecanismo estruturador do conhecimento e da experiência que em muito ultrapassa os domínios da literatura. Reconhecendo com Lakoff e Johnson a onipresença do fenômeno metafórico em nossas vidas, interessou-nos refletir sobre o que poderia distinguir a sua manifestação no campo específico da literatura. Tivemos por objetivo central aqui contribuir para o teste de hipóteses cognitivistas levantadas por George Lakoff e Mark Turner, em uma obra especificamente voltada para a manifestação literária da metáfora, a saber, More than cool reason (1989). Analisamos com o aparato teórico e descritivo ali oferecido um conjunto de metáforas presentes em um texto literário específico - o Romance d`A Pedra do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai- e- Volta, de Ariano Suassuna. A análise empreendida fala em favor das hipóteses de Lakoff e Turner, para quem a maioria das metáforas literárias resulta de explorações criativas e inusitadas de mapeamentos metafóricos bastante arraigados em nossos sistemas conceptuais - extensões, combinações ou elaborações das metáforas ontológicas, estruturais e orientacionais que governam, em um nível básico e de forma geral, a nossa linguagem, pensamento e ação. / [en] This dissertation analyses the identity of the literary metaphor. It is based in the general Conceptual Theory of Metaphors started by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in the 80`s decade - they set the metaphor as a basic cognitive principle, as a mechanism that structures the knowledge and the experience which goes beyond the literature field. Recognizing along with Lakoff and Johnson the presence of the metaphorical phenomena in our lives, this study interested us to think about what could distinguish the presence of the metaphor specifically in literature. Our central objective here was to contribute to test the cognitive hypothesis showed by George Lakoff and Mark Turner, in a specific book which studies the literary metaphor, More than cool reason (1989). We analyzed a set of metaphors in the Romance d`A Pedra do Reino e o Príncipe do Sangue do Vai-e- Volta, by Ariano Suassuna. This analysis shows that Lakoff and Turner hypothesis, which the generalizations governing poetic metaphorical expressions are not in language, but in thought: they are general mappings across conceptual domains; they are creative extensions of these mappings. As the locus of metaphor is not in language at all, but in the way we conceptualize one mental domain in terms of another. The literary metaphors are extensions, combinations or elaborations of the ontological, structural and orientational metaphors that lead, in a basic level and in a general way, our language, thought and actions.

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