Os condomínios e loteamentos fechados constituem um fenômeno urbano que vem se espalhando por todas as metrópoles brasileiras. Desde o final dos anos 1980, podemos observar um grande aumento no número de condomínios fechados dentro da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP). Os condomínios e loteamentos fechados, antes destinados à moradia da classe alta e localizados em grandes áreas das zonas periféricas da RMSP, atualmente atendem outras classes sociais e possuem características bastante distintas (tamanho da gleba, unidade habitacional, serviços coletivos). A preocupação com conforto foi suplantada pela necessidade de segurança e pelo status. A proliferação desses loteamentos e condomínios fechados nos últimos quinze anos vem modificando a configuração espacial de algumas áreas da Região Metropolitana. Segundo alguns autores, o padrão centro rico versus periferia pobre, que caracterizou os estudos sobre a RMSP, entre os anos 1940 e 1980, alterou-se na última década para um modelo fractal de segregação. Esta Tese pretende verificar a pertinência do novo modelo fractal de segregação espacial, tomando como referência os condomínios horizontais residenciais fechados, e mostrar, a partir de levantamento realizado na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, que parte das premissas relativas aos condomínios fechados não são absolutas. / Gated communities constitute an urban phenomenon that is nowadays spreading all over the Brazilian metropolis. Since the 1980s, we can observe an increasing number of gated communities within the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA). The gated communities, initially located at suburban areas and used by upper classes, at the present time serve other social classes and have new and distinct characteristics (size and location, houses sizes, services at the collective areas, etc). The initial concerning to comfort was substituted by the need of security and possibly the search for status. This Thesis analyses if the new fractal pattern of spatial segregation has overlapped the rich center X poor suburbia pattern that characterized the SPMA between 1940 and 1980, using the gated communities as case studies. And also pretends to demonstrate that part of the premises about gated communities is not absolute.

Orientador: Lucí Hidalgo Nunes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T21:54:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_RobsonBonifacioda_D.pdf: 6056726 bytes, checksum: 7547f0a180af9da5eb42bba99490c165 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Urbanização e vulnerabilidade na perspectiva das mudanças climáticas foram os elementos centrais desta pesquisa, que se desenvolveu a partir da avaliação de três municípios litorâneos que compõem a dinâmica Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista: Santos, Praia Grande e Peruíbe. Perfis de vulnerabilidade em bairros de expansão urbana dos três municípios foram construídos, considerando as qualidades intrínsecas das pessoas e dos domicílios e os recursos disponíveis que podem ser mobilizados em situações de enfrentamento dos perigos. Procurou, ainda, relacionar tais perfis aos riscos e perigos que as mudanças climáticas podem intensificar, destacando o papel desses bairros na dinâmica socioespacial do município, analisando as características sociais, econômicas e demográficas da população. Para o delineamento dos perfis foram utilizados os dados da amostra do Censo Demográfico de 2010 e o método Grade of Membership (GoM). Os perfis de vulnerabilidade permitiram avaliar como os chefes dos domicílios podem mobilizar recursos em situações de enfrentamento dos perigos e demonstrar as maiores dificuldades nessa mobilização. Em relação às características físicas dos domicílios e às condições de infraestrutura e acesso aos serviços básicos, constatou-se ausência das condições de urbanidade em todas as áreas analisadas, mesmo naquelas consideradas "nobres". Assim, discutiu-se como as áreas de expansão urbana potencializariam tais problemas, ocasionando mais e maiores situações de risco para a população, e o papel da grande variedade das características demográficas, sociais e econômicas dos chefes dos domicílios dessas áreas / Abstract: Urbanization and vulnerability in the perspective of climate change were the central elements of this research, which evaluated three coastal municipalities which belong to the dynamic Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista: Santos, Praia Grande and Peruíbe. Vulnerability profiles in neighborhoods of urban expansion in the three municipalities were built considering the intrinsic qualities of the people and resources that can be mobilized in dangerous situations. The study also aimed to relate these profiles to the risks and hazards that climate change might intensify, highlighting the role of these neighborhoods in the socio-spatial dynamic of the municipalities, analyzing the social, economic and demographic characteristics of the population. The profiles' descriptions were based on the 2010 Demographic Census and the "Grade of Membership" (GoM) . Vulnerability profiles enabled both to assess how households can mobilize resources while facing dangerous situations (hazards) and to show the major difficulties concerning such mobilization. In relation to the physical characteristics of the households and to the access to infrastructure and basic public services, it was notice the lack of urbanity conditions in the bulk of the areas, even those considered "noble". Thus, it was discussed how the urban expansion areas could intensify such problem, causing more and stronger risk to the population, and the role of the wide variety of demographic, social and economic characteristics of the households who live in these urban expansion areas / Doutorado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Doutor em Geografia

This Master Thesis gives an insight of railroad infrastructure at a regional level of European importance through a case-study within the Rhine-Neckar region in Germany. Administrative competences are hard to overcome from the planning point of view, consequently regions rely on informal planning tools to achieve a broader transnational and integrated transport strategy in Europe. Beside that metropolitan regions have in a scientific sense four different functions. One of them is the gateway function in a polycentric European development. Therefore this thesis analyze the new high-speed railway track between Frankfurt am Main and Mannheim. Furthermore the thesis draws an outlook of the further development of the new high-speed railway and their expected problems out of a regional planning point of view. The conclusion give an insight, if all four scientific metropolitan functions can be found within the region and what their approach of a cooperative federalism is about. All four metropolitan functions can be found within the region in terms of the new high-speed railway. The innovation function is given through the INTERREG IVB-NWE project CODE24, which was elected as a strategic initiative and was of European importance. The decision-making and control function is given through the established European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation, as it gives the whole initiative an European legal form. The symbol function can be found particularly in a footnote of the German Federal Train Track Expansion Act back in 2004, as the region achieved a legal boundary at the federal level. The last function, the gateway function, is given as the corridor between those two agglomerations has the highest traffic volume in Germany.

O objetivo principal deste projeto de pesquisa é a avaliação preliminar da redução do consumo estimativo de água na atividade agrícola com aumento de eficiência no uso da água para irrigação, através da melhoria ou adoção de sistemas de irrigação mais eficientes em relação ao consumo hídrico, dentro da sub-bacia hidrográfica do Alto Tietê - Cabeceiras situada na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo RMSP. Tendo em vista a importância da manutenção da horticultura, cultivo predominante na região, próxima ao centro consumidor e a ocorrência de elevados consumos de água na agricultura, devido às perdas físicas pelo uso de técnicas e manejo inadequados dos sistemas de irrigação, a pesquisa considera que na hipótese de implantação de técnicas de irrigação mais eficientes, a redução no consumo de água alcançada poderia ser transferida para abastecimento de outras categorias de consumo hídrico na maior região metropolitana do país. A justificativa mais relevante para escolha do tema é a necessidade de redução de perdas nas categorias de consumo de água para usos urbanos e uso rural, evitando-se desperdício de água na metrópole, onde a demanda hídrica ultrapassa sua disponibilidade natural de produção, devido à sua localização geográfica e dimensão populacional. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho sugerem que caso sejam utilizados métodos de irrigação mais eficientes nesta bacia, o valor estimado de vazão a ser reduzido no consumo agrícola de água e o correspondente número de habitantes equivalentes a serem beneficiados pelo remanejamento hídrico, podem ser altamente significativos. / The mais purpose of this research is to perform a preliminary assessment of the estimated agricultural water consumption reduction by increasing the irrigation efficiency through the improvement or adoption of more efficient irrigation systems, considering the case of the Alto Tietê Cabeceiras watershed, located in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region. Knowing the importance of keeping this produce fields close to the consumptiom region and considering the corresponding agricultural high water consumption, including the water losses due to the inadequate techniques and management of the irrigation systems, this research considers the adoption of more efficient irrigation systems such that the water saved by them could be used to supply other demands in this region. The most important reason which led to approach this subject is the need to reduce urban and rural water losses by reducing the waste of water in the metropolitan region, where the water demand is greater than the natural water availability due to its geographic location and the large population demand. The results here obtained suggest that the use of more efficient irrigation methods in this watershed, which can reduce the water demand for irrigation, it is alternatively able to supply a significant population number.

This master's thesis deals with changes of work localization in Prague metropolitan region and concentrates on the suburbanisation of quarternary functions. Goal of the presented thesis is to analyze changes of work localization in different parts of Prague metropolitan region and discuss whether suburbanization of quarternary functions exists in Prague metropolitan region and evaluate its importance through the number of jobs in the new R&D institutions. Component goals include evaluation of the structure of jobs in new R&D institutions and evaluation of the potential for formation of cooperation with the private sector, which could lead to creation of new secondary economic centres in the periphery of the Prague metropolitan region. Other component goal finds out whether the existence of new R&D institutions can lead to changes in the social structure of the periphery and to the increased demand on social, technical and transportation infrastructure. For the purpose of analysis I used data on work commuting from 2001 and 2001 censuses, data on the number of employees in R&D institutions from the Central Bohemian innovation centre and questionnaire survey, which took place among the employees of new R&D institutions in the periphery of Prague metropolitan region. In the theoretical part I discuss...

Flexibility and localization of work in Czechia 1991-2011: analysis of the spatial aspects The working process, its arrangement and its consequences have been a crucial part of a development of society in space. Work as a significant factor forming the space gets into the interest of social geography, at least until the Industrial Revolution, which led to a spatial mismatch between a place of residence and a place of work. The process of social transformation, together with the macroeconomic changes affecting post-socialist countries and the mass development of mobile information and communication technologies in the post- revolutionary period, stimulated a significant change in the issues of job localization and the differentiation of forms of work that became less embedded in the sense of temporal, spatial and functional meanings. This transformation led to irregularity of spatial movements associated with commuting to work on the one hand and its delocalization, or disappearance from physical space, and moving to the virtual space on the other. Hence, commuting to work and the relationship between home and work place is one of the crucial topics of Albertov's social geography. However, insufficient attention in domestic literature has been paid to the issue of the unembedded types of work. The...

Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2018-04-09T17:39:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 severina_madalena_silva.pdf: 2399597 bytes, checksum: 543c44527c942519e81b9f975e3d043c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T17:39:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 severina_madalena_silva.pdf: 2399597 bytes, checksum: 543c44527c942519e81b9f975e3d043c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-31 / The focus of this research was the investigation of the participation of the Catholic Church through the engagement of a group of sisters and postulants of the Congregation of the Benedictines of the Virgin Mary in the Slum Movement active in the mid-70s and 80s of the 20th century in the region Metropolitan of Recife, focusing on the community now known as Planet of the Apes, located in the neighborhood of Jardim São Paulo. It sought to discern the dialogical relationship between the social challenges of that moment and the symbolic contents of the Catholic religion, as interpreted and lived during the episcopate of Dom Helder Pessoa Camara (1964- 1985). The question that was asked was how the Congregation of the Benedictine Sisters of the Virgin Mary was involved, through non-assistential social actions, in the transformation of an occupation into a community, in the troubled political scenario that was our country. For this, bibliographical research was used, with authors representing Liberation Theology, and the exploitation of documentary and imagery records deposited over the years in the archives of the Community Center of the Planet of the Apes Community. / O foco dessa pesquisa foi a investigação da participação da Igreja Católica, através do engajamento de um grupo de irmãs e postulantes da Congregação das Beneditinas da Virgem Maria, no Movimento de Favelas ativo em meados das décadas de 70 e 80 do século XX, na região metropolitana do Recife, tendo como foco a comunidade hoje conhecida como Planeta dos Macacos, situada no bairro de Jardim São Paulo. Buscou-se discernir a relação dialógica entre os desafios sociais daquele momento e os conteúdos simbólicos da religião católica, tais como interpretados e vividos durante o episcopado de Dom Helder Pessoa Camara (1964- 1985). A pergunta a que se buscou responder foi como a Congregação das Irmãs Beneditinas da Virgem Maria envolveu-se, através de ações sociais não assistencialistas, na transformação de uma ocupação em uma comunidade, no conturbado cenário político em que se encontrava nosso país. Para isso, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica, com autores representantes da Teologia da Libertação, e à exploração de registros documentais e imagéticos depositados, ao longo desses anos, nos arquivos do Centro Comunitário da Comunidade Planeta dos Macacos.

L’étalement urbain constitue un enjeu de société qui préoccupe tous les acteurs de l’aménagement du territoire. Le développement de superficies urbanisées à la périphérie des villes à des fins résidentielle, industrielle, commerciale et d’infrastructures se caractérise par une faible densité des structures bâties et par une perte de terres agricoles. Les conséquences sont importantes notamment parce que ces pertes sont irréversibles. Ce projet de recherche analyse les tendances actuelles de l’étalement urbain dans la RMR de Montréal et au-delà de celle-ci ainsi que ses impacts sur les territoires agricoles. Il comporte trois objectifs secondaires. Le premier objectif vise à analyser l’importance de la multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture et sa prise en compte dans les stratégies d’aménagement et de revitalisation agricole dans les MRC. Le deuxième objectif vise à établir les liens entre ces stratégies et les pressions urbaines dans la région métropolitaine de Montréal. Les pressions urbaines des 88 municipalités sont analysées en fonction de l’augmentation de la population et des ménages, par le nombre de mises en chantier ainsi que par les demandes de modification de la zone agricole déposées par les municipalités auprès de la CPTAQ entre 2000 et 2009. Le dernier objectif vise à identifier les MRC qui ont développé ces stratégies dans leur schéma d’aménagement et de développement (SAD), pour ensuite comparer les intentions et les actions des MRC par rapport à l’étalement urbain qui se développe concrètement sur leur territoire depuis l’an 2000. Pour ce faire, deux critères ont été retenus : une typologie des stratégies d’aménagement et de revitalisation agricole des SAD et les positions adoptées par les acteurs impliqués dans les demandes de modification. En conclusion, les cinq MRC analysées en détail ont demandé entre 2,1 % et 2,6 % de leur propre zone agricole au cours des dix dernières années, peu importe l’élaboration de leur SAD et les pressions urbaines qu’elles subissent. / Urban sprawl represents a challenge to society of concern for all the players in regional land use planning. The development of urbanised areas on the edges of cities for residential, industrial, commercial and infrastructure purposes is characterised by low density development and a loss of farmland. The consequences are important because these losses are irreversible. This research project analyses current trends of urban sprawl in the Montreal Census Metropolitan Region and the surrounding area as well as its impacts on agricultural areas. There are three secondary objectives. The first one is to analyse the importance of the multi-functionality of agriculture and how it has been taken into account in the strategies for agricultural planning and revitalisation in the Regional Municipal Counties (RMC). The second one aims to establish the linkages between these strategies and the urban pressures in the Montreal metropolitan region. Urban pressures are analysed in the context of 88 municipalities as a function of the increases in population and households and the number of construction projects initiated as well as the requests for modification of their agricultural zones submitted by the municipalities to Quebec’s Agricultural Land Protection Commission between 2000 and 2009. The final objective aims to identify those RMC which have developed strategies in their regional land use development plan for their agricultural zone, in order then to compare the intentions and actions of the RMC with the urban sprawl which has actually taken place in their territory since 2000. To accomplish this, two criteria were used: a typology of the planning and revitalisation strategies for the agricultural zones and the positions adopted by the players involved in formulating the requests for modification. By way of conclusion, the 5 RMC analysed in detail requested the withdrawal of between 2.1 % and 2.6 % of their own agricultural zone during the last 10 years, regardless of their own agricultural development plan and the actual urban pressures they had experienced.

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo hidrológico da Bacia da Represa Guarapiranga. Localizada na porção Sudoeste da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, ela fornece água para abastecimento de cerca de 20% da população. Pode ser considerada uma bacia urbana apesar da diversidade de uso e ocupação da terra. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, de informações das empresas que administram o sistema de abastecimento público e de investigação de campo, foi elaborado um modelo conceitual do sistema hidrológico da bacia. O modelo conceitual foi então representado sinteticamente em um diagrama de fluxos e armazenagem hídrica. Finalmente, o diagrama foi representado através de um sistema de equações. Foram identificados e reunidos todos os parâmetros e dados necessários para o teste e eventual calibragem do modelo proposto. Isto torna, desde agora, factível o teste e eventual calibragem, em etapa futura, tendo em vista a simulação de diversos cenários do impacto da variação da precipitação pluvial na bacia sobre o estoque de água para o abastecimento público. / This text presents a hydrological model of Guarapiranga\'s Basin. Localized on southwest portion of Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, it gives water for public supply of almost 20% of the population. It can be considered an urban basin in spite of the diversity of its land use and occupation. Based on bibliographic research, information from the companies that administrate the public system, and field observation, it was made a conceptual model of the hydrological system of the basin. The conceptual model was than synthetically represented on a fluxes and stocks diagram. Finally, the diagram was represented through an equation system. All the parameters and data necessary for test and calibration of the model proposed were identified and assembled. This made, yet now, possible the test and eventual calibration for simulating, in a future stage, various scenarios of pluvial precipitation variability in the basin on the public water supply.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar os principais fatores que interferem na expansão e continuidade dos programas municipais de coleta seletiva de materiais recicláveis em parceria com grupos organizados de catadores. A pesquisa se baseou na revisão bibliográfica e documental sobre o tema, e na análise comparativa de estudo de casos em três municípios da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados questionários aplicados em entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto aos três gestores municipais dos programas de e cinco presidentes das organizações de catadores. O enfoque escolhido foi a análise de políticas públicas, nesse caso, voltadas ao desenvolvimento de programas de coleta seletiva, com ênfase na inclusão social. Os resultados permitirão prover os formuladores de políticas e as organizações de catadores com propostas de ações e recomendações para fortalecer os programas. A pesquisa mostrou que os programas pesquisados enfrentam graves problemas decorrentes principalmente, mas não somente, da queda da quantidade de material reciclável arrecadado devido à competição com outros atores da cadeia de reciclagem e recomenda ações, diretrizes de planejamento e operacionalização dos programas e a implementação urgente de políticas públicas mais eficientes que possibilitem a inserção destas organizações nos sistemas municipais de limpeza pública e fortaleçam a sua autonomia. / This research identified and analyzed the main factors that interfere in the expansion and continuity of the municipal programs of selective collection of recyclabes in partnership with organized groups of scavengers. The work was done based on bibliographical and documental review and a comparative study in these municipalities of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo through questionnaires applied in semi-structured with three municipal managers of the programs and five presidents of scavengers organizations. The approach that was used is the analysis of public policies, and particularly adressed to the development of programs of selective waste collection, with an emphasis on social inclusion. The outcomes will allow to provide the municipal decisionh makers and scavengers organizations with proposals of action a nd recommendacions to strengthen these programs. The research indicates that the programs that were studied have serious problems due, mainly, but not only, the decrease of the quantity of recyclable material given the competition with others actos of the recycling chain. It recommends actions, directives of planning and operacionalization of programs and the urgent implementacion of more efficient public policies that will allow the insercion of these organizations in the municipal systems of solid waste management to strengthen their autonomy.