<p>The hypothetical assumption that chloride is conservative in the soil has been debated for the last decade. The results of the recent years of study in chlorine biogeochemistry show that chloride is non-conservative but rather participates in complex biogeochemical reactions in the soil. These interactions in nature inform the development of simplified hydrochemical model of chloride dynamics in the soil that is driven on soil routine component of HBV hydrological model. This novel attempt affords the opportunity to explore chlorine biogeochemistry further by evaluating the biological processes such as microbial biomass that predominate chlorine cycles in the same order of magnitude as earlier studied abiotic factors. Data from soil lysimeter experiment with different inputs treatments were used in the calibration and validation of both the hydrological and biogeochemical model. The results show that (1) model efficiency reduces with decreasing water residence and with increasing soil organic matter. (2) Longer water residence time (low water input), high chloride and high nitrogen input loads relatively enhance maximum biomass accumulation in a shorter time span. (3) Chloride retention time reduces with increasing chloride loads under short water residence. (4) Microbial biomass growth rate is highest under high chloride input treatments. (5) Biomass death rates shows reducing trend under short water residence (High water input). Further researches are therefore suggested for possible model expansion and to make the results of this model plausible under field conditions.</p>

The hypothetical assumption that chloride is conservative in the soil has been debated for the last decade. The results of the recent years of study in chlorine biogeochemistry show that chloride is non-conservative but rather participates in complex biogeochemical reactions in the soil. These interactions in nature inform the development of simplified hydrochemical model of chloride dynamics in the soil that is driven on soil routine component of HBV hydrological model. This novel attempt affords the opportunity to explore chlorine biogeochemistry further by evaluating the biological processes such as microbial biomass that predominate chlorine cycles in the same order of magnitude as earlier studied abiotic factors. Data from soil lysimeter experiment with different inputs treatments were used in the calibration and validation of both the hydrological and biogeochemical model. The results show that (1) model efficiency reduces with decreasing water residence and with increasing soil organic matter. (2) Longer water residence time (low water input), high chloride and high nitrogen input loads relatively enhance maximum biomass accumulation in a shorter time span. (3) Chloride retention time reduces with increasing chloride loads under short water residence. (4) Microbial biomass growth rate is highest under high chloride input treatments. (5) Biomass death rates shows reducing trend under short water residence (High water input). Further researches are therefore suggested for possible model expansion and to make the results of this model plausible under field conditions.

It is well documented that increases in soil organic matter (SOM) improve soil physical properties and increase the overall fertility and sustainability of the soil. Research in SOM storage has recently amplified following the proposal that agricultural soils may provide a significant carbon (C) sink that may aid in the mitigation of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Observed differences in lint yield and nitrogen response from a cotton performance study at the Texas A&M University Experimental Farm near College Station, TX prompted us to examine the effects of tillage and rotation on soil organic C (SOC), soil microbial biomass C (SMBC), 38-day cumulative C mineralization (38-day CMIN), hot-water extractable organic C (hot-WEOC), carbohydrate C, and total glomalin. The treatments examined included conventional-till continuous cotton (CT), reduced-till continuous cotton (RT), and conventional-till cotton after corn rotation (CC) treatments. In pre-plant soil samples, SOC, SMBC, and 38-day CMIN in the top 5 cm were 33, 58, and 79 % greater in RT and 29, 32, and 36 % greater in CC vs. CT. Comparable differences were observed for hot-WEOC and carbohydrate C. Little seasonal variation was observed for labile-C pools throughout the growing season, suggesting minimal C input from cotton roots. Water-stable aggregation was not significantly affected by management, and did not correlate with labile-C pools or total glomalin. Labile-C pools were generally more responsive to management vs. SOC and were strongly correlated with one another. Carbohydrate C of hot-water extracts exhibited the strongest relationships with SMBC and 38-day CMIN, even though it comprised only 3 and 5 % of these pools, respectively. Our data suggest that increasing SOC in Texas cotton-cropping systems through conservation management is possible. Long-term data are still needed to fully address SOC storage potentials in Texas, but increases in labile-C pools resulting from conservation management are attainable and have the potential to positively impact soil fertility.

Plant residues added to soil are a source of nutrients for plants and soil organisms and increase soil organic matter which has an important role in improving soil structure and fertility, hence maintaining soil quality for sustainable agriculture. In order to utilize plant residues for increasing soil organic matter more effectively, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of plant residue decomposition. Soil organic matter decomposition is influenced by several factors such as plant residue quality, temperature, water availability, soil structure and soil texture, particularly clay content. The interaction of clay and decomposition of organic matter has been studied in the past. Nevertheless, many studies investigated this interaction in natural soil or under field conditions over long periods of time. Variation in environmental factors may influence the interaction of clay and decomposition of organic matter, thus in most previous studies their effect cannot be separated from the direct effect of clay on decomposition. To study the direct effect of clay on organic matter decomposition, four experiments with different objectives were carried out using isolated natural clay, under controlled conditions (e.g. temperature and organic matter input) and a short incubation period (approximately one month). All experiments were carried out using a sand matrix to which different clay types, clay fractions (natural or with iron oxide partially removed) or clay concentrations were added together with mature wheat straw (C/N 122 in most experiments, except Experiment 2 where the wheat straw had a C/N of 18) and a microbial inoculum. To investigate the effect of clay type, two clay types were added. They were isolated from Wiesenboden (W) and Red Brown Earth (RBE) soil. Clay types from both soils contained kaolinite and illite, but smectite only occurred in W clay. Iron oxide is thought to be important for the binding of organic matter to clay, therefore two clay fractions were used, the clay with native iron oxide (natural clay) and clay from which iron oxide was partially removed by citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate treatment (citrate-dithionite clay, CD clay). The following parameters were measured: pH, water loss, respiration rate, microbial community structure using phospholipid fatty acid analysis and, in some experiments, particulate organic matter. In all experiments, the water content of the substrate mixes was adjusted only at the start; water loss was greatest in the control and decreased with increasing clay content. The aim of the first experiment was to study the effect of the concentration of W clay on decomposition of wheat residues. Respiration (i.e. decomposition of the wheat straw) was affected by clay in two ways (i) decreased decomposition, thus protection of organic matter, in the initial phase at all concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40%) and throughout the incubation period at ≤ 20% clay, and (ii) greater water retention at higher clay concentration particularly 40% clay that allowed maintenance of higher respiration rates towards the end of incubation. Generally, clay concentration had an effect on microbial community structure but not on microbial biomass. The effect of clay concentration was also investigated in the second experiment, but using RBE clay and a narrower range of concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20% clay) than in the first experiment with W clay. The wheat residue used in this experiment had a lower C/N ratio compared to the other three experiments (C/N 18 compared to 122). In contrast to the first experiment, cumulative respiration of the clay treatments was greater than that of control throughout the incubation, thus clay increased rather than decreased decomposition. This may be due to the properties of the wheat residue used in this experiment which contained more water-soluble compounds, the diffusion of which would be enhanced in treatments with clay compared to the control due to their higher water availability. However, considering only the treatments with added clay, cumulative respiration followed the same pattern as in the first experiment, with highest cumulative respiration at 20% clay. In general, microbial community structure, microbial biomass and microbial groups (i.e. bacterial and fungal fatty acids) were affected by the presence of clay and sampling time, but there was no clear relationship between these factors and the richness and diversity of the microbial community. The aim of the third experiment was to determine the effect of clay concentration (5 and 40% of W clay) and fraction (natural or citrate-dithionite clay) on decomposition of wheat straw and microbial community structure. Clay fraction and concentration strongly affected the respiration rate and microbial community structure as well as microbial biomass but not the concentration of particulate organic matter (POM). Compared to the control, partial removal of iron oxide strongly increased decomposition at both concentrations whereas clay with iron oxides reduced the decomposition. Microbial community structure was affected by clay fractions, particularly at 40% clay. The aim of the fourth experiment was to determine the effect of clay fraction (natural and citrate-dithionite clay) and clay type (W clay or RBE clay) at 5% clay on decomposition of wheat straw and microbial community structure. Clay type and the partial removal of iron oxide had a significant effect on the decomposition rate but did not affect POM concentration. As in the third experiment, partial removal of iron oxide increased respiration rate, the effect was less pronounced in RBE clay than in W clay. Clay type and fraction strongly affected microbial community structure. In conclusion, the experiments showed that native clay generally reduces organic matter decomposition by binding and occlusion. The importance of iron oxide for the protective effect of clay on organic matter decomposition was shown by the fact that partial removal of iron oxide strongly increased decomposition rate compared to the native clay. The two clay types differed in their effect. The W clay containing smectite protects organic matter to a greater extent than RBE clay with predominantly illite and kaolinite due to its higher surface area and CEC that lead to binding and or occlusion. The results also showed that although clay reduces organic matter decomposition under optimal water availability, this effect can be reversed as the substrates dry out because the greater water retention of substrates with clay concentrations > 10% compared to the pure sand matrix allows maintenance of a greater microbial activity. Clay type, fraction and concentration affected microbial community structure via their effect on organic matter and water availability. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1521949 / Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environment Science, 2010

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-05-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:03:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_mrl_dr_jabo.pdf: 770404 bytes, checksum: c5d7cc77256164ad2f734dd51d491a21 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Diversos estudos vêm buscando avaliar os diferentes impactos causados pelas várias formas de manejo do solo, procurando-se aliar a produção das culturas à preservação dos recursos naturais. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a influência temporal (das estações do ano), do sistema de manejo do gado e das culturas nas características microbiológicas e químicas do solo em diferentes profundidades. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido no setor de bovinocultura da Estação Experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, UNESP - Campus de Jaboticabal, localizada na região norte do Estado de São Paulo. Os sistemas de pastejo avaliados foram: pasto rotacionado, pasto contínuo e pasto controle (sem a presença de gado). As coletas das amostras de solo foram realizadas nas quatro estações do ano, no período de um ano (2005 – 2006). Cada amostra foi composta de 6 amostras simples, retiradas nas profundidades de 0 – 0,05, 0,05 – 0,10 e 0,10 – 0,20 m. O segundo experimento foi realizado nas fazendas Barracão e São João, no município de Guaíra, localizadas na região paulista da Alta Mogiana, Estado de São Paulo. Foram estudados quatro sistemas de manejo das culturas: plantio direto (PD), plantio direto integrado com pastagem (PD-I), cultivo convencional (CC) e Mata Natural (Mata). A coleta das amostras de solo foi feita somente na estação do verão, durante o período de janeiro e fevereiro do ano de 2006. Cada amostra foi composta de 10 amostras simples, retiradas nas profundidades de 0 – 0,10, 0,10 – 0,20 e 0,20 – 0,30 m. As variáveis microbiológicas, bioquímicas e químicas do solo avaliadas podem ser consideradas medidas sensíveis para determinar mudanças decorrentes dos efeitos das estações do ano, dos sistemas de manejo do gado e das culturas e da profundidade do solo. / Several, studies come searching evaluated the different impacts caused by some forms of management of soil, to try to get the production of the cultures to the preservation of the natural resources. The objective of this study was determine the influence of the seasonal, of the cattle management system and crop and the depth of the soil in the microbiological and chemical variable of the soil. The first experiment was lead in the sector of cattle breeding of the Experimental Station of the College of Agrarian Sciences and Veterinary medicine, UNESP - Campus of Jaboticabal, located in the north of São Paulo State. The evaluated systems of pasture were: rotation pasture, continuous pasture and controlled pasture. The collections of soil samples were carried in four-year seasons during the period of one year (2005 - 2006). Each sample was composed of 6 simple samples, withdrawals with hoe, in the depths of 0 – 0,05, 0,05 - 0,10 and 0,10 - 0,20 m. The second experiment was carried in the Barracão and São João farms, in the Guaíra Cite, located in the region of the Alta Mogiana, in São Paulo State. In view of evaluation of the effect of the management system crop, four systems were studied: no-tillage (NT), pasture and crop integrated systems (PD-I), conventional tillage (CC) and forest. The collection of soil samples was made in summer, during the period of January and February in 2006. Each sample was composed of 10 simple samples withdrawals with hoe, in the depths of 0 – 0,10, 0,10 - 0,20 and 0,20 - 0,30 m. The evaluated microbiological, biochemical and chemical variables of soil can be considered sensitive measurements to determinate changes due to the effects of year seasons, the cattle management system and crop and the depth of the soil.

Boreal peatlands play important roles in global C and nutrient cycling. Oligotrophic bogs are naturally nitrogen (N) limited, receiving nutrients only via atmospheric deposition. Increased nutrient deposition, particularly N will almost certainly change the microbiology, biogeochemistry, and C and nutrient balances in bogs. Both primary production and decomposition can be affected, but the net effects of N fertilization are complex and unclear. A three-year N fertilization experiment with 15N double labeled 15NH415NO3 as a tracer was designed to study the effects of increasing N deposition on various N pools (including microbial communities, moss, roots, litter, and aboveground vascular plants) and how these N pools process and retain applied N in four ombrogenous bogs in northern Alberta, Canada. Linear growth of Sphagnum mosses was highly variable. However, both capitulum and stem weight showed increase in weight with N addition, resulting in significant increase of capitulum and stem bulk density with N deposition. Total annual primary production, with both capitulum and stem growth accounted for, doubled from low N deposition plots to high N deposition plots. Microbial biomass N measured by chloroform fumigation-extraction only showed a decrease with N deposition in the first year of the experiment. Fungal biomass declined with N deposition as nutrients are readily available under high N loads, perhaps eliminating the need for help from symbiotic fungi for nutrient uptake. The growth of Sphagnum mosses and microbial communities may have been influenced by drier and warmer growing period during 2005 to 2007. These abnormal climatic events could have masked the effects of N deposition on surface Sphagnum moss and microbial communities. This 15N tracer experiment revealed high retention rates of 15N by moss layers as expected. However, retention efficiency of moss layers declined over time and with increasing N deposition, indicating a leakier system as N deposition exceeds the critical load of Sphagnum moss. Aboveground vascular plants overall benefited from N deposition, but different species responded differently based on the root morphology, rooting depths, and the mycorrhizae associations.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Agronomy / Charles W. Rice / Gretchen F. Sassenrath / Soil microorganisms are a critical component of ecosystem services provided by soil. Soil management drives soil physical, chemical, and biological properties. Pedogenesis and management interact to change microbial structure and function in the soil profile. Soil microbial properties may vary temporally with crop development and crop species. The objective of this study was to explore the pedogenetic and anthropogenic controls on key soil microbial properties by (i) assessing the profile of a claypan soil under conventional tillage (CT), no-till (NT), and hay meadow (HM); (ii) assessing seasonal changes of soil microbial properties in a corn/winter wheat/soybean rotation under CT and NT; and (iii) assessing vertical changes of soil microbial properties in response to long-term (28 yrs) tillage and mineral and organic fertilization. Selected microbial properties included extracellular enzyme activity, microbial structure as measured by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), as well as soil chemical properties. Soil C, enzyme activities, and microbial biomass were greatest in HM soils, followed by NT and then CT in the claypan soil. Wheat in the rotation increased hydrolase activity and bacterial biomass more than corn, while microbial activities were stable during soybean growth. Increased enzyme activities in the claypan layer resulted from the combination of clay-enzyme interaction and impacts from management practices. In a Mollisol soil, an increase in C-acquiring enzyme activity and microbial PLFAs in a buried A horizon was a result of root growth under no-till practice and mineral fertilization. Surprisingly, long-term mineral fertilizer applications had little effect on enzyme activities and microbial biomass. Long-term organic fertilization increased soil C, enzyme activities, and PLFAs but decreased arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) throughout the soil profile to a depth of 90 cm. Microbial properties are controlled by crop and soil management at the soil surface and by the interaction of management and pedogenetic properties deeper in the soil profile. Incorporating grasses in the crop rotation may allow nutrients to be extracted from deeper within the soil profile, enhancing the utilization of the entire soil profile and providing additional nutrient resources to cash crops. Incorporating wheat in the crop rotation supports greater microbial activity and biomass after corn harvest, especially in no-till management. Additional research is required to delineate further causative factors impacting enzyme activity in the claypan layer, a finer resolution in soil microbial community at the species level to explore the linkage between ecological function and microbiome structure, and a network analysis for the soil-plant-microbe interactions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:02:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rocha_mm_dr_botfca.pdf: 1150326 bytes, checksum: 893acd7e01d7f269b3eaa875876c771e (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O manejo agrícola altera, em muito, as características físicas, químicas e biológicas dos solos. A cultura e as condições climáticas, assim como o tipo de solo propriamente dito, afetam a decomposição da matéria orgânica do solo e, consequentemente, a biogeociclagem dos nutrientes. A matéria orgânica é uma característica importante em relação à fertilidade do solo, de modo que o impacto do uso do solo precisa ser avaliado principalmente em agroecossistemas. O conhecimento dos efeitos do uso da terra e das práticas agrícolas sobre a comunidade microbiana é de fundamental importância, em vista das importantes funções que os microorganismos desempenham no solo e que irão se refletir na produtividade agrícola. Neste sentido, uma avaliação da biomassa microbiana e de microorganismos do solo pode evidenciar diversas alterações no ecossistema do solo que estão associadas ao teor de argila e/ou sistemas de plantio. No presente estudo, caracterizou-se a camada superficial do perfil de solos sob plantio direto e plantio convencional em quatro fazendas no Brasil em relação a alguns de seus componentes microbiológicos. Para tanto, analisou-se, mensalmente, a respiração do solo, a biomassa microbiana e grupos de microorganismos. A avaliação da biomassa microbiana foi feita através da técnica da fumigação-incubação (FI), utilizando-se a Equação: [(C-CO2 liberado pelo solo fumigado, no período de 0-10 dias de incubação) - (C-CO2 liberado pelo solo não-fumigado, ao longo de 10-20 dias de incubação)]/0,45. Os cálculos indicaram um conteúdo de carbono da biomassa microbiana significativamente maior nos solos sob sistema de plantio direto em relação àqueles sob plantio convencional, na camada amostrada (0-10 cm de profundidade). Quantidades significativamente maiores... / The crop management changes greatly the physical, chemical and biological soil properties. Furthermore, the crop and soil types, and the climatic conditions would affect on soil organic matter decomposition and on nutrients biogeociclying. Soil organic matter is a important characteristic in relationship soil fertility. The knowledge about effects on soil using and agriculture practices on soil microbial communities is very important, due to the function that microorganisms have in soil and it was going to in soil fertility. In this sense, evaluation of the soil microbial biomass and micro-organisms greatly aids predictions several changes in the soil ecosystems are associated with reduced tillage as compared with conventional tillage. Surface soils from long-term no-till and conventional tillage plots at four Brazil farms were characterised for microbial components. Soil respiration, microbial biomass carbon and counts of microorganisms were measured at intervals monthly. The evaluation of microbial biomass carbon was done by fumigation-incubation technique (FI). For calculating the soil microbial biomass carbon, the equation used was: Equation = [(CO2-C evolved by fumigated soil, 0-10 days) - (CO2-C evolved by unfumigated soil, 10-20 days)]/0,45. Significantly greater amounts of CO2-C were released from no-till than from conventional tilled soils. qCO2 values were not significantly different between tillage systems. This observation confirms that the tillage affected biological activity in those soils, further that qCO2 values didn't have significantily different which two tillage systems, in studied soils. Number both fungi and bacteria were assayed by Most Probable Number (MPN) by the agar drop counting technique and the microorganisms groups were calculated using by traditional Most Probable Number (MPN) method...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:19:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 faria_tm_me_ilha.pdf: 2501450 bytes, checksum: 35741ba09de4fee809d4e55df75c6446 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A competição entre as plantas é uma concorrência constante entre as espécies que vivem em comunidades, porém a capacidade de certas espécies interferirem na germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento de plantas por meio dos efeitos alelopáticos provenientes de substâncias que liberam na atmosfera ou, quase sempre, no solo, ainda é pouco compreendida no meio agronômico. Muitas destas espécies vegetais podem influenciar a vegetação de um local, sucessão de plantas, indução de dormência, preservação e germinação de sementes, atividade microbiana, produtividade de culturas, entre outros fatores. Visando melhor entender possíveis interferências de restos vegetais nos cultivos subseqüentes, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os possíveis efeitos alelopáticos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown) e soja (Glycine max L.), como cobertura vegetal, sobre a emergência, micorrização, atividade microbiana e crescimento de milho (Zea mays L.), soja (G. max L.) e feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os experimentos foram conduzidos nas dependências da fazenda experimental da UNESP/Campus de Ilha Solteira. Foram avaliadas a emergência de plântulas e sua taxa de crescimento, população final da cultura, ocorrência, identificação e quantificação de plantas daninhas nas áreas, produção de grãos, colonização micorrízica e número de esporos, carbono de CO2 liberado. Os compostos alelopáticos liberados na decomposição das coberturas de milheto, sorgo e soja, interferirem positivamente na COL micorrízica em milho e negativamente em feijão e soja. As coberturas vegetais testadas liberam aleloquímicos que desestabilizam o meio, proporcionado um aumento na esporulação micorrízica nas culturas testadas. Os agentes aleloquímicos liberados pelas coberturas vegetais... / The competition between plants species that lives in the same community is constant. However some species can interfere in the seed germination and plant development through allelophatic effects that occurs because plants release substances in atmosphere or in the soil. This capacity that certain species have is not well understood in the agricultural area. Many of those species can influence the local vegetation, ensuing plantations, dormancy, preservation and seed germination of seeds, microbial activity, cultures productivity and other factors. To a better understanding of possible interferences of vegetable rests in ensuing croop, this work aims to evaluate possible allelophatic effects of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Brown) and soy (Glycine max L.) when used as vegetable covers under mycorrhization, microbial activity and the growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiments were carried out in the experimental farm of UNESP/Campus de Ilha Solteira and could evaluate the seedling emergence and its growth rate, final population of croop; occurrence, identification and quantification of weed plants in the area, seed production, mycorrhizal colonization, spore number and carbon of CO2 released. In the decomposition of the covers millet, sorghum and soy some allelophatic compounds were released and interfered positively in the mycorrhizal harvest of corn but interfered negatively for bean and soy. The vegetable covers that were tested released allelochemics that destabilized the environment providing an increase of mycorrhizal fungi in tested cultures. The allelochemic agents released by the vegetable covers interfered negatively in the carbon of CO2 released. When used as a dead cover sorghum interferes negatively... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

nÃo hà / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses do Bokashi no crescimento das culturas de coentro, de cebolinha, em alguns atributos quÃmicos do solo e na atividade da biomassa microbiana do solo, para testar as hipÃteses de que a utilizaÃÃo do Bokashi no cultivo de cebolinha e coentro melhora o desenvolvimento das plantas em consequÃncia da melhoria do solo. A conduÃÃo do experimento foi realizada na casa de vegetaÃÃo do setor de horticultura do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal do CearÃ(UFC), situada no Campus do Pici, em Fortaleza, em um perÃodo de 60 dias apÃs o transplantio das mudas de cebolinha, das bandejas para os vasos plÃsticos contendo 4kg de solo e um perÃodo de 40 dias pro cultivo do coentro. O solo utilizado foi oriundo de Ãrea que predomina um Neossolo QuartzarÃnico, da comunidade do Coqueiro do Alagamar, no municÃpio de Pindoretama-CE. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, onde os tratamentos foram: T1- [4 kg Solo + 5g Bokashi + (20g composto orgÃnico = c.o.)]; T2- (4 kg Solo + 10g Bokashi + c.o.); T3-(4 kg Solo + 15g Bokashi + c.o.); T4- (4 kg Solo +20g Bokashi + c.o.); T5- (4 kg S + 20 g Bokashi); T6- (4 kg S + c.o.) e T7- Controle (solo natural). Foram avaliadas a altura e a massa da matÃria seca da parte aÃrea das plantas de cebolinha e do coentro e no solo, o pH, o Carbono orgÃnico total, o NitrogÃnio total e o FÃsforo disponÃvel, a colonizaÃÃo micorrÃzica arbuscular, a respiraÃÃo basal do solo, o quociente metabÃlico e o carbono da biomassa microbiana. Pelos resultados obtidos, o Bokashi, na dose de 20 g, foi o que mais favoreceu o desenvolvimento das plantas. NÃo houve influÃncia nos teores de NitrogÃnio total dos solo cultivados, mas os teores do carbono orgÃnico total e do carbono da biomassa microbiana tiveram um aumento significativo nos tratamentos T4 e T5. A quantidade de esporos de FMA nas amostras de solo analisadas foi menor nos tratamentos com Bokashi e mostrou-se estatisticamente diferente do T7 â Controle, que foi a que apresentou a maior quantidade de esporos. A colonizaÃÃo micorrÃzica arbuscular aumentou nos tratamentos T6 e T7 que nÃo usavam o Bokashi e foi menor nos tratamentos T4 e T5, que receberam a dose de 20g do Bokashi. / This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of Bokashi in crop growth of coriander and chives, in some soil chemical properties and in microbial biomass activity of soil, to test the hypothesis that the use of the Bokashi in the cultivation of coriander and chives improve plant growth, increases the quality of the soil . The conduct of the experiment was accomplished in the greenhouse horticulture sector of the Department of Plant Science of the Federal University of Cearà (UFC), located in the Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, in a period of 60 days after transplanting the chives seedlings, from trays to plastic pots containing 4 kg of soil and for a period of 40 days pro cultivation of coriander. The soil used was from the area that predominates Quartzipsamments Neosol from the community of Coqueiro do Alagamar, in the municipality of Pindoretama-Ce. The experimental design was of completely randomized kind, consisting of seven treatments: T1- [4 kg Soil + 5g Bokashi + (20g organic compound = c.o)], T2-(4 kg soil+ 10g Bokashi + co) , T3-(4 kg soil+ 15g Bokashi + co), T4- (4 kg Solo +20 g Bokashi + co),-T5 (4 kg S + 20 g Bokashi), T6-(4 kg S + co) and T7 - (natural soil)Control. The characteristics evaluated were the height and dry mass of the aerial part of chives and coriander and in the soil, pH, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, the soil basal respiration, metabolic quotient and microbial biomass carbon . By the results obtained the Bokashi at a dose of 20 g, was the one that most favored plant development. There was no influence on the levels of total nitrogen of the cultivated soil, but the levels of total organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon had a significant increase in T4 and T5 treatments. The number of AMF spores in the soil samples analyzed was lower in the treatments with Bokashi and was statistically different in T7 - Control, being the highest one. Mycorrhizal root colonization increased in treatments T6 and T7 which were not using the Bokashi and was lower in treatments T4 and T5, which received the dose of 20g of Bokashi.