Apesar das diversas aptidões de uso do milheto (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), como forragem para pastoreio ou silagem, cobertura do solo e alimentação humana, alguns fatores são limitantes para a expansão do cultivo dessa espécie no Brasil e um dos agravantes é a qualidade física e fisiológica das sementes comercializadas. Assim, este trabalho visou aplicar as técnicas de condicionamento fisiológico, peletização e incorporação de fósforo às sementes para favorecer a implementação e o desenvolvimento da cultura em campo. O experimento envolveu sementes do cultivar BRS 1501, representadas por três lotes, com condicionamento envolvendo água e soluções de PEG6000, enquanto que a peletização foi testada inicialmente com adesivos (PVA, PVP k30, bentonita e Metil celulose) e diferentes produtos em pó com base inerte ou fosforada. As avaliações consistiram de testes físicos iniciais, testes fisiológicos por seis meses de armazenamento, desenvolvimento das plantas em campos com diferentes disponibilidades de fósforo no solo e avaliações químicas de fósforo total e fosfatase ácida em plântulas e plantas de milheto. Não há diferemça significativa na germinação das sementes e emergência das plântulas originadas de sementes pré condicionadas. A peletização das sementes é uma alternativa viável para alteração do volume das sementes sem alterar seu desempenho fisiológico. Em relação à incorporação de fósforo ao pélete das sementes, há efeito significativo no desenvolvimento das plântulas, assim como para a absorção deste macronutriente. Por outro lado, há impacto significativo de materiais e doses específicas sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes, principalmente do fosfato bicálcico. / Beside the many aptitudes of the pearl millet (stock feeding, hay, soil layer protection and food in general), some factors limit its expansion in Brazil, being generally, the low physical and physiological seed quality on the market as one of the harshest problems. Thus, this study aimed at applying physiologic conditioning techniques, pelleting and phosphorus application on seeds to improve seedling emergence and crop development in the fields. The experiment used 3 seed lots of BRS 1501 cv, with water and osmotic solution conditioning, while pelleting was tested with 4 different binders (PVA, PVP k30, bentonite and Methil celulose) and different inert and phosphorate powder products. The evaluations consisted of initial phisical tests, followed by physiological tests for 6 months of storage, Field development under 2 different phosphorus soil content and, chemical evaluations as total P content and acid phosphate on pearl millet seedlings and plants. The results show no significant difference on the seedling emergence and germination of physiological conditioned seeds. The seed pelleting was effective on improving seeds volume without harming seed physiologic performance. Regarding phosphorous incorporation through seed pellet, the results show significant effects on the seedling development, as well as it´s absorption. However, with significant impact of specific materials and quantities on the seeds physiologic performance, especially with Bicalcic phosphate.

Fast-paced lifestyles result in consumers replacing traditional meals with on-the-go snack foods. In general, snacks are higher in saturated fats and simple sugars, and pose health concerns for consumers, which prompts the need for healthy nutritious alternatives to common snacks. Proso millet is a nutritious, and fast growing gluten free cereal. Spent grain (SG), the main by-product of brewing and distilling, contains high amount of protein and insoluble fibers. This study utilized proso millet and spent grain in the production of an extruded expanded snack, demonstrating their appropriateness as an ingredient in food production. The first objective of this study was to determine the effect of extrusion processing conditions (moisture, barrel temperature, screw speed) on the physical, chemical, and functional properties of proso millet based extruded snack. The second objective of this research was to determine the effect of distiller’s spent grain (DSG) addition level and particle size on physicochemical and functional properties of extruded snacks. The third objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of spent grain type and particle size on the physicochemical and functional properties of extruded snacks. Samples were produced using a co-rotating twin-screw 25:1 L/D laboratory scale extruder.

Orientador: Edson Lazarini / Resumo: No cerrado, o Sistema Plantio Direto assume importância devido ao não revolvimento do solo, utilizar culturas de cobertura e preconizar rotação de culturas. Em área experimental no município de Selvíria – MS implantou-se o sistema plantio direto no ano agrícola 2000/01, com o objetivo de avaliar os tratamentos com diferentes modos e épocas de aplicação de calcário, culturas de cobertura e doses de N, no comportamento das culturas de milho e soja. Os resultados abordados neste trabalho, referem-se aos anos agrícolas 2015/16, 2016/2017 e 2017/18, quando utilizou-se o milho como cultura principal, o milheto e a Crotalaria juncea como culturas de cobertura, diferentes doses de calcário aplicadas durante os anos anteriores, complementadas com a reaplicação de calcário na presença e ou ausência de gesso e doses de N em cobertura. A área experimental pertence a UNESP – Campus de Ilha Solteira, sendo o solo classificado como LATOSSOLO VERMELHO distrófico com textura argilosa. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em blocos casualizados com os tratamentos disposto em esquema fatorial. O calcário foi aplicado em 2001, 2007 e 2012, perfazendo um total de (T1) 4,66; (T2) 6,90; (T3) 5,47; (T4) 6,11 e (T5) 0,81 t ha-1. No ano de 2016, foi realizado uma nova reaplicação de calcário, aplicando respectivamente nos tratamentos, 2,26; 4,52; 2,26; 4,52 e 0 t ha-1, acrescido para os tratamentos T3 e T4, 1,7 t ha-1 de gesso. As plantas de cobertura forma mantidas e as doses de N utilizadas a... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In the Cerrado region, the no-tillage system assumes importance because of no soil tillage, use of cover crops and crop rotation. In an experimental area in Selvíria county, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, the no-tillage system was implemented in the agricultural year 2000/01, aiming to evaluate the treatments with different modes and times of application of limestone, cover crops and N rates, on the behavior of corn and soybean crops. The results to be presented in this work refer to the agricultural years 2015/16, 2016/2017 and 2017/18, when maize was used as the main crop, millet and Crotalaria juncea as cover crops, different doses of limestone applied during the previous years, complemented by the reapplication of limestone in the presence and / or absence of gypsum and N rates in topdressing. The experimental area of UNESP - Ilha Solteira Campus has soil classified as dystrophic Red Latosol with clay texture. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme. Limestone was applied in 2001, 2007 and 2012, totaling (T1) 4.66; (T2) 6.90; (T3) 5.47; (T4) 6.11 and (T5) 0.81 t ha-1. In 2016, a new limestone reapplication was performed, applying respectively 2.26; 4.52; 2.26; 4.52 and 0 t ha-1, plus for treatments T3 and T4, 1.7 t ha-1 of gypsum. The cover crops were maintained and the doses of N used annually were 0, 90 and 180 kg ha-1, using urea as source. Evaluations were based on corn nutritional status, corn agronomi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Jusqu'au milieu du XIXème siècle, les menus grains se distinguent des gros grains, donnés comme les seules cultures économiquement, alimentairement et symboliquement intéressantes. Pourtant, l'étude de sources aussi variées que les traités de botanique, les manuels d'agriculture, les statistiques napoléoniennes, la correspondance entre intendants et subdélégués, les enquêtes agricoles, les mercuriales ou les publications juridiques indique l'importance économique, géographique, démographique et sociale de plantes aussi variées que le millet, le panis, le sarrasin, le maïs et le sorgho. En effet, tous ces grains, difficiles à identifier au XVIème siècle mais dont les dénominations se précisent avec le système linnéen, appartiennent à un système rural cohérent. Semés au printemps, ils s'insèrent dans les rotations culturales. Ce sont de ce fait des graines supplétives aux gros grains d'hiver (froment, méteil). On ne les consomme pas sous forme de pain, mais sous forme de bouillie. Ce rôle de « grains de disette » est cependant exceptionnel. Les menus grains sont d'abord consommés par les animaux, notamment les porcs et les volailles. Ils sont aussi transformés en objets artisanaux, comme les balais ou les matelas fabriqués avec le sorgho ou le maïs. La demande urbaine en foies gras, chapons et jambons justifie le maintien durable en Bresse ou en Aquitaine de la culture des menus grains, dont on vante les qualités pour engraisser les animaux. Enfin, le dépouillage des sources sur trois siècles montre que la culture et la valorisation des menus grains sont un parfait exemple du strict partage des tâches entre hommes et femmes. Les semis, le désherbage, l'élevage et la vente sur les marchés sont des activités féminines. Alors que les menus grains sont l'objet de critiques répétées de la part du monde savant (agronomes, médecins), la culture des menus grains résiste et survit à travers le maintien de spécialités culinaires régionales (gaudes, galettes, milias....).

Magistrantūros studijų pateikiami drėgmės deficito poveikio žaliosios šerytės morfofiziologiniams parametrams tyrimų rezultatai. Darbo objektas – žalioji šerytė (Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.). Darbo metodai: žaliosios šerytės augalai auginti programuojamoje auginimo kameroje esant 20/18 °C (diena/naktis) temperatūrai, 16/8 val. (diena/naktis) fotoperiodui, 50 µmol m-2 s-1 apšviestumui. IV organogenezės tarpsnyje augalai auginti esant drėgmės deficitui substrate. Vertintas fotosintetinių pigmentų kiekiai, augalo žalia masė, sausos medžiagos kiekis bei santykinis vandens kiekis lapuose. Darbo rezultatai. Esant nedideliam drėgmės trūkumui substrate, chlorofilo a sintezė žaliosios šerytės augaluose vyko intensyviau, lyginant su kontrole, tuo tarpu pirmą drėgmės deficito savaitę neturėjo esminės įtakos chlorofilo b ir karotenoidų kiekiams. Modeliuojant drėgmės deficitą substrate ilgiau nei savaitę chlorofilų a ir b bei karotenoidų kiekiai statistiškai patikimai mažėjo. Chlorofilų a ir b santykis statistiškai patikimai padidėjo jau po trijų drėgmės deficito dienų. Chlorofilų ir karotenoidų santykis žaliosios šerytės augaluose pradėjo mažėti po 5 sausros dienų. Ilginant sausros trukmę, santykinis vandens kiekis žaliosios šerytės augaluose, augintuose drėgmės deficito sąlygomis, nuosekliai mažėjo ir buvo esmingai mažesnis, lyginant su kontroliniais augalais. Drėgmės deficitas substrate esmingai mažino žaliosios masės kaupimąsi žaliosios šerytės augaluose. Pirmą sausros savaitę... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of moisture deficit on morphophysiological parameters of green millet plants. Object of the work – green millet (Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.). Methods of the work: green millet plants were growing in growth chamber under 20/18 °C (day/night) temperature, 16/8 h (day/night) photoperiod, 50 µmol m-2 s-1 light intensity. Moisture deficit treatment was applied when plants were in organogenesis stage four. Amount of photosynthetic pigments, fresh mass of plants, dry weight and relative water content in plant leaves were investigated. The results of work. Relatively slight moisture deficit resulted in more intensive chlorophyll a synthesis in green millet plant in comparison with control, while first week of moisture deficit didn’t have any effect on chlorophyll b and carotenoids contents. For more than a week-long drought significantly inhibited the chlorophyll a and b contents as well as carotenoids content in green millet plants. The ratio of chlorophyll a and b significantly increased after three days of moisture deficit. The ratio of chlorophylls and carotenoids decreased after five drought days. Elongation of drought stress resulted in decreasing of relative water content in plant leaves. The fresh mass of plants significantly decreased under moisture deficit treatment. First week of drought stress resulted in increasing of dry weight, while under treatment of 9-18 days of drought treated plants accumulate... [to full text]

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of Pearl Millet in combination with different levels of flaxseed and natural pigment (Oro Glo 15RTM) on quantity of n-3 fatty acids in eggs, laying performance and yolk pigmentation. In the first experiment, six different diet treatments were used for six weeks, with 24 hens per treatment (three birds per cage, eight cage replicates). Control diet was a corn-soybean meal diet, and diets containing 0, 2, 4, 8 or 12% ground flaxseed in which all the corn was replaced by pearl millet. In the second experiment, the diet treatments consisted of pearl millet and three inclusion levels of ground flaxseed (4%, 6% and 8%) and two levels (0.1% and 0.2%) of natural pigment in a factorial arrangement. The experiment lasted for twelve weeks, with 18 hens per treatment (three birds per cage, six cage replicates). In each of the experiments, all the diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous and to meet or exceed NRC requirements. Body weight of the birds and feed consumption were recorded at weekly (first experiment) and biweekly (second experiment) intervals. Number of eggs and egg mass produced were measured and recorded on a daily basis. At the end of each of the experiments, all the hens were euthanized to determine liver integrity. In both of the experiments, flock performance parameters were not different among treatments. In regard to egg traits, in the second experiment after 8 week of the start of the experiment, birds fed with diets containing 8% flaxseed produced significantly ( P < 0.05) smaller eggs compared to hens fed 4% flaxseed. Yolk pigmentation was lower (P < 0.05) for the eggs produced by hens fed diets containing pearl millet compared with those produced by feeding corn-based diet. However, 0.1% or 0.2% inclusion of the pigment both proved to be suitable to restore yolk pigmentation to marketable levels. No difference was observed among diets in regard to liver haemorrhage. Evaluation of FA profiles indicated that birds fed a diet containing PM as the sole grain source, and low levels of flaxseed (6%) can produce eggs with more than 350 mg/egg of n-3 FA, which is the lower standard to market eggs as "n-3 FA enriched". / Keywords: laying hens, pearl millet, flaxseed, natural pigment, flock performance, eggs, liver haemorrhage.

Marker-Assisted Verification of Hybrids in Pearl Millet-Napiergrass (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br. x Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.). (December 2011) Charlie D. Dowling, III, B.S., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Russell W. Jessup A high-biomass perennial grass that is directly seeded using existing farm equipment can reduce both planting and overall input costs. Three cytoplasmic male-sterile cms A-lines and four fertile genotypes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) and one novel pearl millet selection from the Perennial Grass Breeding Program at Texas A&M University were selected to cross with napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.). The pearl millet parents were chosen based on characteristics such as basal tillering, plant height, and days to anthesis. Three napiergrass accessions from the Perennial Grass Breeding Program and the cultivar Merkeron were used as pollinators for these crosses. The cms and fertile pearl millet accessions produced full heads of seed when pollinated with napiergrass. There were a large range of seed sizes and weights for each hybrid family, and the seed were separated into four size classes. The weight differences from the largest to smallest class of seed varied by more than 30%. All of the seed classes germinated, and seed size, in this case, was completely unrelated to the ability to germinate. 100% germination was observed in five seed size classes for both PMN iv hybrids, and 90% germination was observed in three of the eight classes. Essentially all of the hybrid seed recovered from the original pearl millet x napiergrass crosses germinated, but all of the F 1 hybrids were sterile in that none of them produced viable seed. Flow cytometry could not be used to identify the hybrids because the DNA content of pearl millet and napiergrass were essentially the same even though distinct 2C and 4C peaks were seen from the diploid pearl millet. From the 58 EST-SSRs surveyed in the bulked segregate analysis, several were heterozygous dominant and many were homozygous dominant and hemizygous at its particular loci. Seven hemizygous EST-SSRs were identified for Merkeron, seven for PEPU09FL01, eight for PEPU09FL02, and six for PEPU09FL03. These markers are extremely valuable to any pearl millet x napiergrass hybridization program because they provide a means whereby the hybrids can be easily identified. Identification of hemizygous pearl millet markers will also assist in future DNA sequencing and also in a marker-assisted breeding program.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-03-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rego_ac_dr_jabo.pdf: 1269303 bytes, checksum: b1dd147933a7c93f40e53fe130877dd6 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Objetivo-se avaliar o efeito do tamanho de partícula, 5 ou 20 mm e o uso ou não de Lactobacillus plantarum associado a Propionibacterium acidipropionici na silagem de milheto comparada a silagem de milho em três experimentos. No primeiro avaliou-se a temperatura das silagens, o gradiente de temperatura entre silagem e ambiente, e valores de pH antes e após o descarregamento da silagem em diferentes regiões de cinco silos de superfície. A temperatura antes e após a retirada da fatia de silagem, assim como o gradiente de temperatura entre silagem e ambiente em silos de milheto e milho é menor no estrato inferior do perfil. Silagens de milheto apresentam menores valores de pH no estrato inferior do silo, 5,1 e 4,3 antes e após o descarregamento, respectivamente. No segundo e terceiro experimentos, foram avaliadas dietas contendo silagem de milheto com partículas de 5 ou 20 mm e contendo ou não inoculante comparada a silagem de milho, sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade das dietas, produção e composição do leite, e comportamento ingestivo dos animais. Vacas alimentadas com dietas contendo silagem de milho produzem mais leite (17,4 kg/dia) corrigido para 3,5% de gordura do que vacas alimentadas com dietas contendo silagem de milheto (15,0 kg/dia), em maiores consumos de MS (16,9 kg/dia) e NDT (10,9 kg/dia). Silagem de milheto com 20 mm de tamanho de partículas proporciona boa eficiência produtiva comparada a silagem com 5 mm. O uso do inoculante na silagem de milheto não altera o consumo e a digestibilidade das dietas. Silagem de milho ou milheto, tamanho de partículas, e o uso do inoculante, não altera o tempo total despendido com alimentação, ruminação e ócio dos animais / The purpose of the present study was to study the effects of 5 or 20 mm particle size, and the use or non use of Lactobacillus plantarum associated with Propionibacterium acidipropionici in millet silage compared to corn silage. In the first experiment were conducted to evaluate the temperature of the silage, the temperature gradient between silage and environment, and pH values before and after removal of slices of silage in different regions of five surfaces silos. The temperature before and after removal of the slice of silage, as well as the temperature gradient between the environment and the silage, in surface silos of millet and corn silage, is lower in the lower strata of the profile. Millet silage has lower pH values in the lower strata of the silo, 5,1 and 4,3 before and after unloading, respectively. The second and third experiments, diets containing millet with particle size of 5 or 20 mm, with or without inoculant, compared to corn silage on intake and digestibility of diets, the production and milk composition, and feeding behavior of animals were evaluates. Cows fed diets containing corn silage produced more milk (17.4 kg/day) corrected for 3.5% fat than cows fed diets containing millet silage (15.0 kg/day), higher intakes of DM (16,9 kg/day) and TDN (10.9 kg/day). Silage with 20 mm particle size, in the diet of dairy cows, leads to greater production efficiency. The use of inoculants in millet silage affects neither the consumption and digestibility of diets. Millet and corn silage, particle size, inoculants, does not alter the time spent on eating, ruminating and restring animals

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:07:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vieira_cp_dr_ilha.pdf: 1093231 bytes, checksum: 21051df3ebea63b4b3fccb02153dfea3 (MD5) / Grande parte das áreas de produção do Brasil esta inserida no bioma Cerrado, onde se cultiva principalmente soja, milho, arroz e algodão. Este número limitado de espécies é cultivado utilizando sistema convencional de preparo do solo, com intenso uso de arados e grades. Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se o presente trabalho como o objetivo de avaliar em dois sistemas de manejo do solo (convencional e sistema de plantio direto) a viabilidade da rotação de culturas no verão (milho e soja) e utilização de culturas de cobertura na primavera para produção de palha e ciclagem de nutrientes, em região característica de clima e solo de cerrado. Por se tratar de um experimento de longa duração, optou-se por avaliar e analisar os dados obtidos na cultura da soja e milho na safra de 2005/06. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o em parcela subdividida em faixa. Existem duas áreas (terraços) onde estão alocados os sistemas de preparo do solo (convencional com arações e/ou gradagens pesadas + gradagens leves e sistema plantio direto). Dentro de cada terraço existem faixas com monocultivo de soja ou milho e faixas com soja rotacionada com milho e vice-versa. Em cada sistema de preparo e de cultivo, há presença de culturas de cobertura, com semeadura na primavera (crotalária, milheto, milheto + crotalária (2:1), crotalária + milheto (2:1)) e uma parcela foi mantida em pousio com presença de plantas daninhas. A soja e o milho foram semeados em dezembro de 2005, sendo utilizado a mesma adubação de semeadura para ambas culturas e a variedade BRS 133 de soja e o híbrido AG 20A20 de milho. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 0,45 e 0,90 m, respectivamente para a soja e milho. As avaliações constaram da produção de massa seca pelas culturas de cobertura e plantas daninhas na área em pousio, bem como o teor de macronutrientes presentes nesta, estado nutricional das plantas de milho... / Most of the Brazilian production areas are inserted in the biome Cerrado, where soybean corn, rice and cotton are mainly cultivated. This limited number of species is cultivated under conventional tillage system, with intensive use of disk plow and harrow. The objective of this work was to evaluate, in two systems of soil management (conventional and no-tillage), the viability of crop rotation of summer crops (corn and soybean) and use of spring cover crops for straw production and nutrient cycling in area covered by Cerrado vegetation. This work has been carried out for ten years at experimental area of FE/UNESP –Ilha Solteira campus, located in the county of Selviria , Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil (20º22´S, 251º22´W and 335 m of altitude, approximately). Considering a long-term experiment, the evaluations were based on data obtained from soybean and corn 2005/06 crop season. The experimental design used was a split plot strip. The soil tillage systems (conventional with plowing and/or disk harrow + leveling harrow and no-tillage) were located into two areas (terraces). Inside each terrace there are strips with soybean or corn monoculture and strips with crop rotation with soybean an corn and vice-versa. In each tillage system there are spring cover crops (sunn hemp, millet, millet + sunn hemp (2:1), sunn hemp + millet (2:1) and fallow area with weeds. Soybean and maize were sown on 2005 December. The same fertilization were used for both crops. The soybean cultivar used was BRS 133 and the corn hybrid used was AG 20A20. The row spacing used was 0.45 cm and 0.90 cm for soybean and corn, respectively. The evaluation were done based on cover crops dry mass production and weed dry mass in fallow area, as well as their macronutrients level, nutritional condition of corn and soybean plants at full flowering, agronomic characteristics, yield and straw return due to soybean and corn... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Mauro Dal Secco de Oliveira / Banca: Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel / Banca: Ana Claudia Ruggieri / Banca: Flávia Fernanda Simili / Banca: André de Faria Pedroso / Resumo: Objetivo-se avaliar o efeito do tamanho de partícula, 5 ou 20 mm e o uso ou não de Lactobacillus plantarum associado a Propionibacterium acidipropionici na silagem de milheto comparada a silagem de milho em três experimentos. No primeiro avaliou-se a temperatura das silagens, o gradiente de temperatura entre silagem e ambiente, e valores de pH antes e após o descarregamento da silagem em diferentes regiões de cinco silos de superfície. A temperatura antes e após a retirada da fatia de silagem, assim como o gradiente de temperatura entre silagem e ambiente em silos de milheto e milho é menor no estrato inferior do perfil. Silagens de milheto apresentam menores valores de pH no estrato inferior do silo, 5,1 e 4,3 antes e após o descarregamento, respectivamente. No segundo e terceiro experimentos, foram avaliadas dietas contendo silagem de milheto com partículas de 5 ou 20 mm e contendo ou não inoculante comparada a silagem de milho, sobre o consumo e a digestibilidade das dietas, produção e composição do leite, e comportamento ingestivo dos animais. Vacas alimentadas com dietas contendo silagem de milho produzem mais leite (17,4 kg/dia) corrigido para 3,5% de gordura do que vacas alimentadas com dietas contendo silagem de milheto (15,0 kg/dia), em maiores consumos de MS (16,9 kg/dia) e NDT (10,9 kg/dia). Silagem de milheto com 20 mm de tamanho de partículas proporciona boa eficiência produtiva comparada a silagem com 5 mm. O uso do inoculante na silagem de milheto não altera o consumo e a digestibilidade das dietas. Silagem de milho ou milheto, tamanho de partículas, e o uso do inoculante, não altera o tempo total despendido com alimentação, ruminação e ócio dos animais / Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to study the effects of 5 or 20 mm particle size, and the use or non use of Lactobacillus plantarum associated with Propionibacterium acidipropionici in millet silage compared to corn silage. In the first experiment were conducted to evaluate the temperature of the silage, the temperature gradient between silage and environment, and pH values before and after removal of slices of silage in different regions of five surfaces silos. The temperature before and after removal of the slice of silage, as well as the temperature gradient between the environment and the silage, in surface silos of millet and corn silage, is lower in the lower strata of the profile. Millet silage has lower pH values in the lower strata of the silo, 5,1 and 4,3 before and after unloading, respectively. The second and third experiments, diets containing millet with particle size of 5 or 20 mm, with or without inoculant, compared to corn silage on intake and digestibility of diets, the production and milk composition, and feeding behavior of animals were evaluates. Cows fed diets containing corn silage produced more milk (17.4 kg/day) corrected for 3.5% fat than cows fed diets containing millet silage (15.0 kg/day), higher intakes of DM (16,9 kg/day) and TDN (10.9 kg/day). Silage with 20 mm particle size, in the diet of dairy cows, leads to greater production efficiency. The use of inoculants in millet silage affects neither the consumption and digestibility of diets. Millet and corn silage, particle size, inoculants, does not alter the time spent on eating, ruminating and restring animals / Doutor